The association between the Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and addiction to opioids and methamphetamine in the Iranian population.

Introduction: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) has the ability to detoxify the cellular environment of xenobiotic compounds and by-products of oxidative stress. The expression levels of GST genes and their polymorphisms are associated with various human diseases. Methamphetamine and opiate addiction also account for a significant proportion of SUDs in Iran.

Unmasking early colorectal cancer clues: in silico and in vitro investigation of downregulated IGF2, SOCS1, MLH1, and CACNA1G in SSA polyps.

Background And Aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) originates from pre-existing polyps in the colon. The development of different subtypes of CRC is influenced by various genetic and epigenetic characteristics. CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is found in about 15-20% of sporadic CRCs and is associated with hypermethylation of certain gene promoters.

Oral cancer detection and progression prediction using noninvasive cytology-based DNA ploidy approach.

Background: Despite the oral cavity being readily accessible, oral cancer (OC) remains a significant burden. The objective of this study is to develop a DNA ploidy-based cytology test for early detection of high-risk oral lesions.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted using 569 oral brushing samples collected from 95 normal and 474 clinically abnormal mucosa with biopsy diagnosis of reactive, low-grade or high-grade precancer or cancers.

Evaluating CD4 and Foxp3 mRNA Expression in Tissue Specimens of Celiac Disease and Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Objective: Celiac disease (CD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are distinct gastrointestinal conditions with a debated association. This study aimed to evaluate the mRNA expression of CD4 and Foxp3 in tissue specimens of CD and CRC patients. The findings can provide valuable insights into the complex connection between these different gastrointestinal conditions.

A novel stop codon mutation in STK11 gene is associated with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and elevated cancer risk: a case study.

Based on the analysis of patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), Serine threonine kinase11 (STK11) is known as a tumor suppressor gene, which is involved in cell polarization, regulation of apoptosis, and DNA damage response. In this case report study, we examined STK11 gene sequencing in a 42-year-old woman with mucocuta neous pigmentation and positive family history. Endoscopy and colonoscopy showed >1000 polyps throughout the stomach/colon (PJ-type hamartomas).

Up regulation of long non-coding RNAs BACE1 and down regulation of LINC-PINT are associated with CRC clinicopathological characteristics.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are known to have regulatory consequences for aberrant gene expression in cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression levels of long non-encoding RNAs, BACE1 (β-secretase1) and LINC-PINT (Long Intergenic Non-Protein Coding RNA, P53 Induced Transcript), in colorectal cancer (CRC) with clinicopathological parameters.

Methods And Results: Bioinformatics analysis defining effectual signalling pathways Wnt.

Therapeutic approaches and vaccination in fighting COVID-19 infections: A review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a remarkably contagious and pathogenic viral infection arising from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which first appeared in Wuhan, China. For the time being, COVID-19 is not treated with a specific therapy. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Remdesivir as the first drug to treat COVID-19.

Air pollution in a microclimate; the impact of different green barriers on the dispersion.

This paper studies the impact of different green barriers on the dispersion of air pollution in a neighbourhood. The study was performed with reference to air quality conditions in Manchester, UK. Manchester experiences a high level of NO.

Perception of occlusal plane that is nonparallel to interpupillary and commissural lines but with the maxillary dental midline ideally positioned.

Statement Of Problem: How disparities in parallelism between the occlusal plane and the interpupillary (IP) or commissural facial front lines are perceived is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this observational study was to examine the perceptions of laypersons, dental students, and dentists regarding disparities of the anterior occlusal plane (AOP) and posterior occlusal plane (POP) with respect to the IP and commissural line (CL) with the maxillary dental midline ideally positioned.

Material And Methods: A model of a symmetric female face was digitally created with the IP and CL parallel and the facial midline coincident with the maxillary dental midline.

The International Hereditary Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Registry: key findings at enrollment until 2017.

Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is an autosomal recessive inherited disease with a clinically heterogeneous course and an incompletely understood genotype-phenotype correlation. In 2006, the Hereditary TTP Registry started recruitment for a study which aimed to improve the understanding of this ultra-rare disease. The objective of this study is to present characteristics of the cohort until the end of 2017 and to explore the relationship between overt disease onset and ADAMTS13 activity with emphasis on the recurring c.

Serum levels of lead, mercury and cadmium in relation to coronary artery disease in the elderly: A cross-sectional study.

Background: There is a continuing attempt to identify novel factors that can predict the risk of cardiovascular disease beyond the established coronary risk factors. It has been suggested that serum levels of lead, mercury and cadmium are associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate serum concentrations of lead (s-Pb), mercury (s-Hg) and cadmium (s-Cd) in patients with CAD in comparison with those of healthy individuals.

Low Level of Microsatellite Instability Correlates with Poor Clinical Prognosis in Stage II Colorectal Cancer Patients.

The influence of microsatellite instability (MSI) on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) requires more investigation. We assessed the role of MSI status in survival of individuals diagnosed with primary colorectal cancer. In this retrospective cross-sectional study the MSI status was determined in 158 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumors and their matched normal tissues from patients who underwent curative surgery.

Lack of BRAFV600E mutation in stage I and II of colorectal cancer.

Aim: We aimed to explore the frequency of BRAFV600E mutation in Iranian patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) as well as its association with clinic pathological characteristic of patients.

Background: CRC is the third leading cause of cancer related death. There is a growing body of data showing the association of BRAFV600E mutation with malignant transformation and clinical outcome of different tumors, including CRC.

Genetic variations in complement factors in patients with congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with renal insufficiency.

The congenital form of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is caused by genetic mutations in ADAMTS13. Some, but not all, congenital TTP patients manifest renal insufficiency in addition to microangiopathic hemolysis and thrombocytopenia. We included 32 congenital TTP patients in the present study, which was designed to assess whether congenital TTP patients with renal insufficiency have predisposing mutations in complement regulatory genes, as found in many patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS).

Adenomatous polyposis coli gene large deletions in Iranian patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Context: Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is one type of hereditary colon cancer with a large number of precancerous polyps that initiation to growth in childhood and adolescent. Mutation in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is the cause of FAP. Aims: The aim of the current study was to standardize multiplex ligation probe amplification (MLPA) method in screening of APC large deletions for the first time in Iranian patients with FAP.

Polymorphism of SMAD7 gene (rs2337104) and risk of colorectal cancer in an Iranian population: a case-control study.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of intronic polymorphism of the SMAD7 (Mothers Against Decantaplegic Homolog 7) gene (rs2337104) on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and clinicopathological features in an Iranian population.

Background: SMAD7 has been identified as an antagonist of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b)-mediating fibrosis, carcinogenesis, and inflammation. Regarding to the recent genome-wide scan, a risk locus for colorectal cancer at 18q21 has been found, which maps to the SMAD7 gene.

Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura caused by new compound heterozygous mutations of the ADAMTS13 gene.

Upshaw-Schulman syndrome (USS) is due to severe congenital deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF)-cleaving protease ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 domains, nr 13) activity resulting in the presence of unusually large forms of VWF in the circulation, causing intravascular platelet clumping and thrombotic microangiopathy. Our patient, a 26-year-old man, had attacks of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) with thrombocytopenia and a urine dipstick positive for hemoglobin (4+), often as the only sign of hemolytic activity. He had ADAMTS13 activity of <1% of normal plasma without the presence of inhibitors of ADAMTS13.

Typodont versus live patient: predicting dental students' clinical performance.

In this study, the authors evaluated the accuracy and precision of non-clinical testing for dental students' crown preparation proficiency on a manikin-mounted typodont as a predictor of performance on patients. Eighty-six seniors at Baylor College of Dentistry were evaluated by three calibrated senior faculty members from the general dentistry department. Four areas of interest were evaluated: occlusal reduction; axial reduction; margins, design, and finish line; and operative environment.

Simplified MSI marker panel for diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancers (CRCs) tumors are diagnosed by microsatellite instability (MSI) due to accumulation of insertion/deletion mutations in tandem repeats of short DNA motifs (1-6 bp) called microsatellites. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is not only a hallmark marker for screening of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), but also a prognostic and predictive marker for sporadic colorectal cancer. Our objective was to determine and study of five mononucleotide microsatellite markers status among Iranian patients with HNPCC and sporadic colorectal cancer.

The role of kras mutations and MSI status in diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

Aim: The aim of the current investigation was to examine the profile of Kras mutations accompanied with MSI (microsattelite instability) status in polyps and colorectal carcinoma tissues in an Iranian population.

Background: Kras mutations in colorectal cancer cause resistance to anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). So it can be considered as a true indicator of EGFR pathway activation status.

Impact of EXO1 polymorphism in susceptibility to colorectal cancer.

Background And Aim: One candidate gene for colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility is exonuclease 1 (EXO1). It is a member of RAD2 nuclease family, which plays a major role in mismatch repair, DNA replication, and recombination. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms are shown to be related with cancer incidence.

Nonsurgical management of interdental papillae loss following extraction of anterior teeth.

When a tooth is extracted, the interproximal papilla recedes and the buccal bone collapses; as a result, restoring an edentulous space in the esthetic zone becomes a challenge. Various surgical reconstructions can be performed with different levels of risk and predictability. This article examines three nonsurgical approaches utilized to manage the same problem.

Grading dental students in a "nongraded" clinical assessment program.

This article details how Baylor College of Dentistry (BCD) merges graded and nongraded aspects of student assessments into grade point averages (GPAs); explains the use of its assessment tools to evaluate students, faculty, and curriculum simultaneously; and calls for continuous progress and quality improvement toward educational excellence among all levels of the oral health education community. "Nongraded" student assessments at BCD are only applicable to preclinical and chairside activities that involve direct patient care. We further summarize how we have attempted to improve the accuracy of grading while providing objective numeric grades to measure student performance and generate a class rank.

Non-graded clinical evaluation of dental students in a competency-based education program.

The objective of this article is to report the development, implementation, and early results of a non-graded normative dental student clinical performance assessment system based on our competencies documents. The normative system (student performance is compared to evidence-based clinical standards) was used and evaluated during the 2002-03 academic year and is now gradually replacing the traditional summative (numerical) grading system previously used at Baylor College of Dentistry. The methodology included: 1) consensus development of new clinical performance assessment forms over the summer of 2002; 2) concurrent fourth-year clinical faculty calibration to the new forms; 3) implementation at the beginning of the senior year for the Class of 2003; and 4) faculty and student evaluation surveys in May 2003.