Determination of whole transcription profiles and specific pathways in invasive ductal breast carcinoma.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide including Thailand. Whole transcription profiles of invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC) obtained by oligonucleotide microarray should lead to a better understanding of the molecular basis of IDCs, allow for examination of specific markers for diagnosis, and provide novel targets for therapy. This study aimed to detect the whole transcript expression of approximately 35,000 target genes in Thai breast cancer patients, using Affymetrix GeneChip(®) Exon 1.

Comparison of bacterial count in tap water between first burst and running tap water.

Objective: To compare the number of bacterial counts in tap water at first burst and running tap water.

Material And Method: The present study was performed in thirty-two first burst water samples and twenty-nine running tap water samples after two minutes, collected from an operation room at one standard hospital and analyzed for the mean, median, and 95% achieved confidence interval of CFU/ml. All water samples were cultured and investigated for total bacterial counts, which were expressed as colony forming unit per milliliter (CFU/ml).

Impact of COMT Val 108/158 Met and DRD2 Taq1B gene polymorphisms on vulnerability to cigarette smoking of Thai males.

The nicotine in cigarette smoke can stimulate the dopaminergic reward pathways. The catechol O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) and dopamine receptor 2 gene (DRD2) are dopamine-related genes. Genetic polymorphisms in these two genes are potential candidates in determining an individual's predisposition to cigarette smoking.

Decreased retinol transport proteins in Thai post-menopausal women with osteoporosis.

High vitamin A ingestion or high serum retinol have been postulated to increase the risk of fractures and osteoporosis by reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Retinol is carried and transported to the tissues bound to retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and transthyretin (TTR). The relationships between retinol, retinol transport protein, retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and transthyretin (TTR) and BMD and osteoporosis are unclear.

The -11377C > G adiponectin gene polymorphism alters the adiponectin concentration and the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Thais.

The aims of this study were first to detect the levels of adiponectin, insulin, albumin, glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lipids, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and anthropometric variables in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as well as healthy control groups, and to determine whether two adiponectin gene polymorphisms, at the position -11377C > G as well as +45T > G, are associated with serum levels of adiponectin and other variables; then to search for the association between these two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the adiponectin gene and T2DM. We investigated 93 T2DM patients and 90 healthy volunteers. Compared with the healthy control group, the T2DM group had significantly lower adiponectin levels.

Leptin, soluble leptin receptor, lipid profiles, and LEPR gene polymorphisms in Thai children and adolescents.

Objective: To evaluate the relationships between leptin, soluble leptin receptor, lipid profiles, and LEPR gene polymorphisms in child and adolescent Thai subjects.

Design: Cross-sectional study of Thai children and adolescents.

Subjects: 116 male and 65 female at risk for overweight/overweight child and adolescent Thai subjects, and 33 male and 62 female healthy child and adolescent Thai subjects (age: 5-19 years).

Protein depletion in Thai patients with hip fractures.

Objective: Study the prevalence of protein depletion and determine the effect of protein depletion on postoperative complications.

Material And Method: A retrospective study was performed in 255 Thai elderly patients who had been admitted to Siriraj Hospital because of a fracture of the hip. The level of albumin was the parameter used to determine the degree of protein depletion.

Effects of tobacco smoking on alpha-2-macroglobulin and some biochemical parameters in Thai males.

This cross-sectional study was carried out among smokers and nonsmokers from suburban and urban residential areas in Bangkok, Thailand. One hundred eighty-six smokers and 102 nonsmokers, who voluntarily participated in the study, were investigated. The levels of alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), albumin, total protein, and other biochemical and hematological parameters as well as body mass index (BMI) measurements were taken.

Plasma resistin, insulin concentration in non-diabetic and diabetic, overweight/obese Thai.

This study investigated levels of fasting plasma glucose (FBS), homeostasis model of the assessment of the insulin resistance (HOMA), lipid profile, insulin, and resistin hormones in 202 individuals, divided into four groups. Two groups had type II diabetes mellitus (DM): one group had been overnourished (DM/OB) (body mass index: BMI equal or above 25) and the other had not (DM/nOB). Two additional groups not suffering from diabetes were either overnourished (nDM/OB) or of normal nutritional status (nDM/nOB).

The genetic association between alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) gene deletion polymorphism and low serum A2M concentration in overweight/obese Thais.

The study subjects were 192 overweight and obese Thais (BMI > 25.00 kg/m2), and 103 Thai controls (BMI = 18.50-24.

Antimutagenic activity of Sesbania javanica Miq. flower DMSO extract and its major flavonoid glycoside.

The antimutagenic activity of Sesbania javanica Miq. or Sano, an edible vegetable flower DMSO extract against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) benzo (a) pyrene [B(a)P], was evaluated by means of the Ames' test. The Sesbania javanica Miq.

Protozoal contamination of water used in Thai frozen food industry.

This study evaluated the prevalence of contamination of water that was used for food preparation. Since protozoal cysts can be found in small numbers in water, 1,000 liters of either untreated or treated water were filtered through activated carbon block filters (1 microm nominal porosity). Identification of protozoa was performed using specific monoclonal antibodies against Giardia and Cryptosporidium parasites followed by fluorescence microscopy.

B vitamins, vitamin C and hematological measurements in overweight and obese Thais in Bangkok.

The dynamic changes of socio-economics leading to the industrialisation of countries are known to affect lifestyle and nutritional behaviours of the population. Review of the literature on the prevalence of obesity showed increasing numbers of the overweight and obese during the past decade. However, information on health and nutritional status of the obese in Thailand has not been widely publicized.