Treatment satisfaction with molidustat in CKD-related anemia in non-dialysis patients: a post-hoc analysis of two clinical trials.

Background: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are the standard treatment for patients with renal anemia to increase hemoglobin (Hb) levels and reduce the need for blood transfusions. However, treatments targeting high Hb levels require high doses of ESAs administered intravenously, which is associated with an elevated risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Furthermore, there have been some problems such as hemoglobin variability and low achievement of target hemoglobin due to the shorter half-lives of ESAs.

A patient with ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes showing nearly normalized glucose tolerance after recovery from severe diabetic ketoacidosis.

Unlabelled: Unprovoked A-β+ ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPD) is characterized by the sudden onset of diabetic ketosis/ketoacidosis (DK/DKA) without precipitating factors, negative anti-islet autoantibodies ("A- "), and preservation of β-cell function ("β+ ") after recovery from DKA using insulin therapy. However, there have been few reports on glucose tolerance after recovery. We present a case of KPD with nearly normalized glucose tolerance after recovery from severe DKA.

Immunological consequences following splenectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis.

The immune status in patients with liver cirrhosis is generally impaired due to concomitant hypersplenism. As the spleen is the largest lymphoid organ, deleterious events resulting from splenectomy are of concern in these patients. However, the immunological consequences after splenectomy have not yet been fully elucidated.

Personalized peptide vaccination as second-line treatment for metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

This study investigated the applicability of personalized peptide vaccination (PPV) for patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial cancer (mUTUC) after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy. In this single arm, open-label, phase II clinical trial, patients with mUTUC received PPV at a single institution. Personalized peptide vaccination treatment used a maximum of four peptides chosen from 27 candidate peptides according to human leukocyte antigen types and peptide-reactive IgG titers, for six s.

Enhancement of humoral and cell mediated immune response to HPV16 L1-derived peptides subsequent to vaccination with prophylactic bivalent HPV L1 virus-like particle vaccine in healthy females.

Currently prophylactic HPV16/18 L1 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines are employed with great success for the prevention of HPV infection. However, limited information is available regarding the immune responses against human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 L1 subsequent to HPV16/18 L1 VLP vaccination, primarily due to the lack of widely used assays for immune monitoring. The aim of the present study was to identify HPV16 L1-derived B and T cell epitopes for monitoring the immune responses after HPV16/18 L1 VLP vaccination in healthy females.

EGFR T790M mutation as a possible target for immunotherapy; identification of HLA-A*0201-restricted T cell epitopes derived from the EGFR T790M mutation.

Treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, has achieved high clinical response rates in patients with non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). However, over time, most tumors develop acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, which is associated with the secondary EGFR T790M resistance mutation in about half the cases. Currently there are no effective treatment options for patients with this resistance mutation.

Identification of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes derived from HLA-DOβ as a novel target for multiple myeloma.

Despite the recent development of effective therapeutic agents against multiple myeloma (MM), new therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapies, remain to be developed. Here we identified novel human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 (HLA-A2)-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes from a B cell specific molecule HLA-DOβ (DOB) as a potential target for MM. By DNA microarray analysis, the HLA-DOB expression in MM cells was significantly higher than that in normal plasma cells.

Epitope spreading is rarely found in pemphigus vulgaris by large-scale longitudinal study using desmoglein 2-based swapped molecules.

Epitope spreading is involved in inducing and maintaining self-reactivity. Epitope spreading in pemphigus vulgaris (PV), caused by IgG autoantibodies to desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) and Dsg1, was previously analyzed using Dsg3/Dsg1 extracellular domain-swapped molecules. However, precise identification of the responsible epitopes in each molecule by using only this method was problematic.

Comparison of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) scores between children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD).

The aim of this research was to compare the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores and subscale scores in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), and also to clarify the differences between parent- and teacher-assessed SDQ scores/subscores in HFASD and AD/HD children. These patients' total difficulties scores were significantly high compared to the community sample. In the parent rating, HFASD children had significantly higher scores in the subscales of emotional symptoms and peer problems.