Water-soluble carbohydrates commonly exist in an amorphous state in foods and undergo glass-rubber transition (glass transition) at the glass transition temperature (). The critical water content () and critical water activity () are the water content and water activity () at which the glass transition occurs at 298 K (typical ambient temperature), respectively. For amorphous water-soluble carbohydrates, can be predicted from the of anhydrous solid () using previously reported equations.
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