Noninstrumented Clinical Assessment of Static Postural Stability in Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Context: Several clinical tests are available to assess static postural stability in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI); however, it is unclear which test should be used.

Objective: To determine which noninstrumented clinical tests should be used to detect static postural stability deficits in individuals with CAI.

Evidence Acquisition: We searched 4 databases from their inception to February 2023, and included studies comparing static postural stability in individuals with CAI and healthy controls using noninstrumented assessments.

A Th17 cell-intrinsic glutathione/mitochondrial-IL-22 axis protects against intestinal inflammation.

The intestinal tract generates significant reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the role of T cell antioxidant mechanisms in maintaining intestinal homeostasis is poorly understood. We used T cell-specific ablation of the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (Gclc), which impaired glutathione (GSH) production, crucially reducing IL-22 production by Th17 cells in the lamina propria, which is critical for gut protection. Under steady-state conditions, Gclc deficiency did not alter cytokine secretion; however, C.

Radiomics-based prediction of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease following pancreatoduodenectomy.

Purpose: Predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is challenging, which delays therapeutic intervention and makes its prevention difficult. We conducted this study to assess the potential application of preoperative computed tomography (CT) radiomics for predicting NAFLD.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were 186 patients with PD from a single institution.

Influence of Anterior Talofibular Ligament Injury and Ankle Anterior Displacement on Symptoms in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Context: Repeated ankle sprains can lead to injuries, including those of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL); however, the extent to which these ligament injuries are associated with symptoms of chronic ankle instability (CAI) remains unclear.

Objective: To examine the influence of ATFL injury and ankle anterior displacement on symptoms of CAI.

Design: Case-control study.

Differences and relationships between weightbearing and non-weightbearing dorsiflexion range of motion in foot and ankle injuries.

Background: This study aimed to: (1) identify assessment methods that can detect greater ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DROM) limitation in the injured limb; (2) determine whether differences in weightbearing measurements exist even in the absence of DROM limitations in the injured limb according to non-weightbearing measurements; and (3) examine associations between DROM in the weightbearing and non-weightbearing positions and compare those between a patient group with foot and ankle injuries and a healthy group.

Methods: Eighty-two patients with foot and ankle injuries (e.g.

Morphological and mechanical characteristics of the intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles under loading in individuals with flat feet.

Background: The intrinsic and extrinsic foot softtissue structures that apply force and support the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) have been implicated in the development of flat feet. However, the relationship between the changes in MLA height under increasing load and the morphological and mechanical properties of individual intrinsic and extrinsic foot soft tissue structures is not fully understood.

Research Question: To examine the morphological and mechanical characteristics of the foot soft tissue structures in flat feet when subjected to loading.

Characteristics of the static muscle stiffness of ankle plantar flexors in individuals with chronic ankle instability.

Purpose: Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have deficits in closed kinetic chain dorsiflexion that may perpetuate injury. Determining the characteristics of muscle stiffness in the plantar flexors of individuals with CAI may help in developing appropriate treatments. We aimed to highlight the characteristics of static muscle stiffness in ankle plantar flexor muscles during the passive dorsiflexion of the ankle joint in individuals with CAI.

A Th17 cell-intrinsic glutathione/mitochondrial-IL-22 axis protects against intestinal inflammation.

Although the intestinal tract is a major site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the mechanisms by which antioxidant defense in gut T cells contribute to intestinal homeostasis are currently unknown. Here we show, using T cell-specific ablation of the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (), that the ensuing loss of glutathione (GSH) impairs the production of gut-protective IL-22 by Th17 cells within the lamina propria. Although ablation does not affect T cell cytokine secretion in the gut of mice at steady-state, infection with increases ROS, inhibits mitochondrial gene expression and mitochondrial function in -deficient Th17 cells.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase fuels a critical citrate pool that is essential for Th17 cell effector functions.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is the central enzyme connecting glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The importance of PDH function in T helper 17 (Th17) cells still remains to be studied. Here, we show that PDH is essential for the generation of a glucose-derived citrate pool needed for Th17 cell proliferation, survival, and effector function.

Reliability and validity of ultrasonographic automated length measurement system for assessing talofibular anterior instability in acute lateral ankle sprain.

Ankle joint instability after acute lateral ankle sprain (LAS) is an important factor for deciding treatment strategies. Nevertheless, the degree of ankle joint mechanical instability as a criterion for making clinical decisions is unclear. This study examined the reliability and validity of an Automated Length Measurement System (ALMS) in ultrasonography for assessing real-time anterior talofibular distance.

Search for Ultralight Dark Matter from Long-Term Frequency Comparisons of Optical and Microwave Atomic Clocks.

We search for ultralight scalar dark matter candidates that induce oscillations of the fine structure constant, the electron and quark masses, and the quantum chromodynamics energy scale with frequency comparison data between a ^{171}Yb optical lattice clock and a ^{133}Cs fountain microwave clock that span 298 days with an uptime of 15.4%. New limits on the couplings of the scalar dark matter to electrons and gluons in the mass range from 10^{-22} to 10^{-20}  eV/c^{2} are set, assuming that each of these couplings is the dominant source of the modulation in the frequency ratio.

Effects of Conservative Interventions on Static and Dynamic Balance in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine which conservative interventions are effective for static and dynamic balance in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Data Sources: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences, and CINAHL databases were searched up to March 20, 2022.

Study Selection: Randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of conservative interventions on static and/or dynamic balance in patients with CAI compared with those of different conservative interventions or controls were included.

Single-stage arterial switch operation conversion with dextro-transposition of the great arteries and pulmonary arterial hypertension due to baffle leak after a Senning procedure.

Unlabelled: Patients who have undergone an atrial switch operation for dextro-transposition of the great arteries (dTGA) sometimes suffer from right ventricular dysfunction, tricuspid regurgitation, arrhythmias, or baffle leaks. We report the first case of single-stage arterial switch operation conversion in an adult patient with dTGA and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to a baffle leak after a Senning procedure. Perioperative mechanical circulatory support was required for 3 weeks.

Protocols of rehabilitation and return to sport, and clinical outcomes after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with and without tibial tuberosity osteotomy: a systematic review.

Purpose: No consensus exists on rehabilitation programmes after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) with or without tibial tuberosity osteotomy (TTO). This systematic review examined the content and timeline of rehabilitation (weightbearing, range of motion [ROM] and exercise therapy) and return to sport (RTS), as well as patient-reported outcomes after MPFLR with or without TTO.

Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception to December 2021.

A FAsT contribution: Adipocytes rewire their metabolism to acquire immune functions.

Adipose tissue has been linked to inflammation and various physiological processes. In this issue of Cell Metabolism, Caputa et al. describe that perinodal adipocytes adapt their metabolism to actively participate in an immune response against intracellular Listeria monocytogenes.

Does the sesamoid rotation angle change differently in subjects with hallux valgus considering foot position during assumed walking? A pilot study.

Hallux valgus (HV) entails changes in the alignment of the rotating sesamoids and a shift of the abductor hallucis muscle (ABH) in the plantar direction, decreasing the abductor force. Load on the foot while walking may change the sesamoid rotation angle (SRA). Nevertheless, no study has investigated the relationship between the change in SRA during assumed walking and ABH muscle size.

Discriminant Feature Extraction by Generalized Difference Subspace.

In this paper, we reveal the discriminant capacity of orthogonal data projection onto the generalized difference subspace (GDS), both theoretically and experimentally. In our previous work, we demonstrated that the GDS projection works as a quasi-orthogonalization of class subspaces, which is an effective feature extraction for subspace based classifiers. Here, we further show that GDS projection also works as a discriminant feature extraction through a similar mechanism to the Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA).

Glutathione-dependent redox balance characterizes the distinct metabolic properties of follicular and marginal zone B cells.

The metabolic principles underlying the differences between follicular and marginal zone B cells (FoB and MZB, respectively) are not well understood. Here we show, by studying mice with B cell-specific ablation of the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (Gclc), that glutathione synthesis affects homeostasis and differentiation of MZB to a larger extent than FoB, while glutathione-dependent redox control contributes to the metabolic dependencies of FoB. Specifically, Gclc ablation in FoB induces metabolic features of wild-type MZB such as increased ATP levels, glucose metabolism, mTOR activation, and protein synthesis.

The Reliability and Validity of a Novel Ankle Isometric Plantar Flexion Strength Test.

Context: Strengthening of ankle plantar flexor muscles is one of the important components in the rehabilitation of many lower limb injuries and disorders. However, there are few simple methods to evaluate ankle plantar flexor strength in clinical situations without using equipment. The purpose of this study was to verify the intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability and the concurrent validity of a novel ankle isometric plantar flexion (PF) strength test (PF break test [PFBT]).

DJ-1 depletion prevents immunoaging in T-cell compartments.

Decline in immune function during aging increases susceptibility to different aging-related diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms, especially the genetic factors contributing to imbalance of naïve/memory T-cell subpopulations, still remain largely elusive. Here, we show that loss of DJ-1 encoded by PARK7/DJ-1, causing early-onset familial Parkinson's disease (PD), unexpectedly diminished signs of immunoaging in T-cell compartments of both human and mice.

Abnormalities of foot and ankle alignment in individuals with chronic ankle instability: a systematic review.

Background: To prevent recurrent ankle sprain, it is important to clarify the pathology of chronic ankle instability (CAI). An association has been reported between CAI and abnormalities of foot posture and ankle alignment. There is no consensus on the types of these abnormalities that occur in individuals with CAI.

The emerging role of one-carbon metabolism in T cells.

One-carbon metabolism (1CM) supports multiple biological functions, providing 1C units for nucleotide synthesis, epigenetic maintenance, and redox regulation. Although much has been deciphered about the relationship between disruption of 1CM and various diseases, our understanding of 1CM's involvement in the regulation of the immune system is only now evolving. In this review, we summarize key checkpoints of 1CM pathways that govern cellular activities.

Synthesis and biological activities of simplified aplysiatoxin analogs focused on the CH/π interaction.

Debromoaplysiatoxin (DAT) is a potent protein kinase C (PKC) activator with tumor-promoting and pro-inflammatory activities. Irie and colleagues have found that 10-methyl-aplog-1 (1), a simplified analog of DAT, has strong anti-proliferative activity against several cancer cell lines with few adverse effects. Therefore, 1 is a potential lead compound for cancer therapy.

The prevalence of chronic ankle instability and its relationship to foot arch characteristics in female collegiate athletes.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of chronic ankle instability (CAI) and to investigate its relationship to the foot arch in collegiate female athletes by each sports event.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: University setting.