Combined pancreaticoduodenectomy for advanced gallbladder cancer: Indications, surgical outcomes, and limitations.

Background: This study aimed to elucidate the clinical value of combined pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for advanced gallbladder cancer according to the mode of cancer spread in the pancreaticoduodenal region.

Methods: Patients who underwent combined PD for advanced gallbladder cancer were retrospectively reviewed. The mode of cancer spread in the pancreaticoduodenal region was defined as involvement of peripancreatic organs/structures alone, peripancreatic nodal metastasis alone, or both.

Extent of regional lymphadenectomy and number-based nodal classification for non-ampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the adequate extent of regional lymphadenectomy according to tumor location and the impact of number-based nodal classification on survival in patients with non-ampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma (NADAC).

Methods: A total of 85 patients with NADAC who underwent surgery were enrolled. The frequency of metastasis was calculated for each node group in the respective tumor locations for 63 patients who underwent lymphadenectomy for pT2-pT4 tumor.

Mirizzi Syndrome Type IV Successfully Treated with Peroral Single-operator Cholangioscopy-guided Electrohydraulic Lithotripsy: A Case Report with Literature Review.

A 76-year-old man presented with liver dysfunction and intrahepatic bile duct dilatation. Imaging studies showed two large stones that had become impacted in the common hepatic duct, which was fused with the gallbladder. The patient was diagnosed with Mirizzi syndrome type IV.

Long-term outcomes of surgical resection for T1b gallbladder cancer: an institutional evaluation.

Background: There is no comprehensive agreement concerning the overall performance of radical resection for T1b gallbladder cancer (GBC). This research focused on addressing whether T1b GBC may spread loco-regionally and whether radical resection is necessary.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 1032 patients with GBC who underwent surgical resection at our centre and its affiliated institutions between January 1982 and December 2018.

[A Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Lymph Node Metastasis Successfully Treated by Multidisciplinary Treatment].

Lymph node metastasis has a poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). We report a case of HCC with lymph node metastasis successfully treated by multidisciplinary treatment. An 81-year-old woman who was followed up for liver cirrhosis received a diagnosis of HCC, which was detected by CT as a solitary tumor 20mm in diameter in the couinaud segment 7 of the liver.

Relevance of Dissection of the Posterior Superior Pancreaticoduodenal Lymph Nodes in Gallbladder Carcinoma.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of positive posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes to clarify the need for dissection of these nodes.

Methods: A total of 148 patients with gallbladder carcinoma who underwent radical resection including dissection of the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal nodes were enrolled. The incidence of metastasis and the survival rates among patients with metastasis to each lymph node group were calculated.

[Long-Term Survival after Reoperation for Lung Metastasis of Resected Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma - A Case Report].

A 66-year-old woman with pancreatic cancer underwent resection of the pancreatic body and tail. Thirty-seven months after the initial surgery, a tumor was found in S4 of the right lung, for which resection of the middle lobe of the lung was performed. A diagnosis of lung metastasis originating from pancreatic cancer was confirmed based on histological and immunohistopathological assessments.

[Surgical Resection for Carcinoma Arising from the Remnant Intrapancreatic Bile Duct after Excision of a Congenital Choledochal Cyst - A Case Report].

A 77-year-old woman presented with a high fever. She had a history of resection of the extrahepatic bile duct, cholecystectomy, and hepaticojejunostomy for a congenital choledochal cyst, 23 years previously. Computed tomography showed a tumor measuring 90mm behind the head of the pancreas.

[Lymph Node Recurrence of Small Cell Carcinoma of the Extrahepatic Bile Ducts Effectively Treated with Cisplatin plus Irinotecan Chemotherapy - Report of a Case].

A 78-year-old man with jaundice was diagnosed with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(Bismuth type I ). After endoscopic biliary drainage for jaundice, a subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. Histologic examination and immunohistochemical staining with chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and CD56 resulted in a diagnosis of small cell carcinoma.

[Resection for a Locally Advanced Duodenal Adenocarcinoma with Obstructive Jaundice and Hepatic and Pancreatic Invasion - A Case Report].

A 64-year-old woman diagnosed with duodenal adenocarcinoma with duodenal stenosis and obstructive jaundice was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography revealed a tumor measuring 9×6 cm in the second portion of the duodenum that had invaded the liver(S6)and head of the pancreas. After percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for obstructive jaundice, the patient underwent subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy, partial resection of the liver(S6), and partial resection of the colon.

[Repeated Pancreatic Resections with Parenchymal Preservation for Pancreatic Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma--Report of a Case].

A 51-year-old man underwent right nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Six months later, a solitary metastatic tumor was detected in the pancreatic tail and he underwent distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy. One year and 6 months after the initial resection, a solitary metastatic tumor was detected in the pancreas head, and he underwent partial pancreatectomy.

[Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater--Report of a Case].

A 62-year-old man presented with pruritus caused by obstructive jaundice. He was diagnosed with carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater and underwent pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Histologic examination revealed signet-ring cell carcinoma without nodal metastasis.

Comparison of Number Versus Ratio of Positive Lymph Nodes in the Assessment of Lymph Node Status in Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to compare the utility of the number of positive lymph nodes with the lymph node ratio (LNR) in predicting survival after resection of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 142 consecutive patients who underwent radical resection of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was performed. A total of 3066 regional lymph nodes were resected.

Clinicopathological features of benign biliary strictures masquerading as biliary malignancy.

Discrimination between benign and malignant biliary strictures is difficult, with 5.2 to 24.5 per cent of biliary strictures proving to be benign after histological examination of the resected specimen.

"Extended" radical cholecystectomy for gallbladder cancer: long-term outcomes, indications and limitations.

Aim: To delineate indications and limitations for "extended" radical cholecystectomy for gallbladder cancer: a procedure which was instituted in our department in 1982.

Methods: Of 145 patients who underwent a radical resection for gallbladder cancer from 1982 through 2006, 52 (36%) had an extended radical cholecystectomy, which involved en bloc resection of the gallbladder, gallbladder fossa, extrahepatic bile duct, and the regional lymph nodes (first- and second-echelon node groups). A retrospective analysis of the 52 patients was conducted including at least 5 years of follow up.

Risk of subsequent biliary malignancy in patients undergoing cyst excision for congenital choledochal cysts.

Background And Aim: The aim of this study was to elucidate the risk of subsequent biliary malignancy in patients undergoing cyst excision for congenital choledochal cysts.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 94 patients who had undergone cyst excision for congenital choledochal cysts was conducted. The median age at the time of cyst excision and median follow-up time after cyst excision were 7 years and 181 months, respectively.

Assessment of lymph node status in gallbladder cancer: location, number, or ratio of positive nodes.

Unlabelled: A BACKGROUND: Assessment of lymph node status is a critical issue in the surgical management of gallbladder cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the anatomical location of positive nodes, number of positive nodes, and lymph node ratio (LNR) as prognostic predictors in gallbladder cancer.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 135 patients with gallbladder cancer who underwent a radical resection with regional lymphadenectomy.

Impaired olfactory function in mice with allergic rhinitis.

Objective: It has been reported that olfactory function is impaired in patients with allergic rhinitis. However, the mechanism of olfactory dysfunction in allergic rhinitis remains poorly understood. Because of difficulties in obtaining and analyzing human olfactory mucosa due to both technical and ethical issues, an animal model needs to be established to clarify the mechanism of olfactory dysfunction in allergic rhinitis.

Blocking of protease allergens with inhibitors reduces allergic responses in allergic rhinitis and other allergic diseases.

Conclusions: Allergic responses specific to the corresponding proteases were reduced by protease inhibitors, suggesting promise as potent treatments for allergic rhinitis and other allergic conditions.

Objective: Allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, are caused by the overproduction of IgE antibodies to various allergens. Many reported allergens are proteases that are cysteine, serine, aspartic (acid) proteases and metalloproteases.