Polyploidy mitigates the impact of DNA damage while simultaneously bearing its burden.

Polyploidy is frequently enhanced under pathological conditions, such as tissue injury and cancer in humans. Polyploidization is critically involved in cancer evolution, including cancer initiation and the acquisition of drug resistance. However, the effect of polyploidy on cell fate remains unclear.

Esophagogastrostomy Double Tract Reconstruction for Laparoscopic Proximal Gastrectomy: Short-term Outcomes Based on Nutritional Parameters and Skeletal Muscle Index.

Background/aim: The optimal reconstruction method for laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (LPG) remains controversial. The present study aimed to compare short-term outcomes, including assessment of nutritional parameters and skeletal muscle, between two different methods, double-tract reconstruction (DTR) versus esophagogastrostomy (EG).

Patients And Methods: Data from patients who underwent LPG for gastric tumor(s) between 2018 and 2021, were retrospectively analyzed.

[Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer Showing Marked Tumor Shrinkage after the First Dose of Nivolumab for Fourth-Line Chemotherapy].

We report a case of locally advanced gastric cancer, which showed marked tumor shrinkage after the first dose of nivolumab. A 75-year-old woman was diagnosed with locally advanced gastric cancer with pancreatic invasion and pyloric stenosis. We performed gastrojejunostomy before chemotherapy.

Aggressive Graphic/Surgical R0 Resection and Jejunal Interposition with Preservation of Mesojejunal Autonomic Nerves in Patients with Stage IV Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma: A Report of 3 Cases.

BACKGROUND Three patients with stage IV esophagogastric junction cancer (EGJC) underwent extended resection to achieve a graphic/surgical R0 status (no visible remnant of viable tumor in imaging/surgical findings) and adjuvant chemotherapy from the early postoperative period. We also introduced use of our digestive reconstruction technique in these patients. CASE REPORT We used jejunal interposition for digestive reconstruction, which involved end-to-end jejunojejunostomy with a biofragmentable anastomosis ring.

Brachial plexus paralysis after thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in the prone position: A thought-provoking case report of an unexpected complication.

Introduction: During prone esophagectomy, placement of a port in the third intercostal space for upper mediastinal dissection requires adequate axillary expansion. To facilitate this, the right arm is elevated cranially and simultaneously turned outward. Brachial plexus paralysis associated with esophagectomy in the prone position has not been documented.

Internal Hernia Associated with Colostomy After Laparoscopic Surgery for Rectal Malignancy: A Report of 3 Thought-Provoking Cases.

BACKGROUND Colostomy creation via intraperitoneal route is often performed during laparoscopic Hartmann's operation or abdominoperineal resection (APR). Herein, we report 3 rare cases of internal hernia associated with colostomy (IHAC). CASE REPORT The first case involved a 70-year-old man with IHAC after laparoscopic APR.

Overlap Anastomosis for Digestive Reconstruction during Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy with Intensive Regional Lymph Node Dissection: Physiological Impact of Preserving the Mesenteric Autonomic Nerves in the Lifted Jejunal Limb.

Laparoscopic gastrectomy is a treatment for gastric cancer, and isoperistaltic side-to-side reconstruction is called "overlap anastomosis." The physiological advantages of preserving the autonomic nerves in the jejunal limb for digestive reconstruction are well known. Here, we focused on overlap anastomosis with autonomic nerve-preserved mesojejunum of the lifted jejunal limb for laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with intentional lymph node dissection.

Portal vein aneurysm associated with arterioportal fistula after hepatic anterior segmentectomy: Thought-provoking complication after hepatectomy.

Background: Few cases of postoperative arterioportal fistula (APF) have been documented. APF after hepatectomy is a very rare surgery-related complication.

Case Presentation: A 62-year-old man was diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma in segments 5 and 8, respectively.

Feasibility of Extended Dissection of Lateral Pelvic Lymph Nodes During Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision in Patients with Locally Advanced Lower Rectal Cancer: A Single-Center Pilot Study After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND The feasibility of additional dissection of the lateral pelvic lymph nodes (LPLNs) in patients undergoing total mesorectal excision (TME) combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is controversial. The use of laparoscopic surgery is also debated. In the present study, we evaluated the utility of laparoscopic dissection of LPLNs during TME for patients with LARC and metastatic LPLNs after NAC, based on our experience with 19 cases.

Which Therapeutic Option Is Optimal for Surgery-Related Perineal Hernia After Abdominoperineal Excision in Patients with Advanced Rectal Cancer? A Report of 3 Thought-Provoking Cases.

BACKGROUND Although perineal hernia (PH) is considered a surgery-related complication after abdominoperineal excision, the optimal therapeutic option for PH remains controversial. CASE REPORT The first case involved a 72-year-old man in whom PH was diagnosed 6 months after surgery. Laparoscopic findings revealed moderate adhesion at the pelvic floor, and a perineal approach was added.

Surgical options for full-thickness rectal prolapse: current status and institutional choice.

Full-thickness rectal prolapse (FTRP) is generally believed to result from a sliding hernia through a pelvic fascial defect, or from rectal intussusception. The currently accepted cause is a pelvic floor disorder. Surgery is the only definitive treatment, although the ideal therapeutic option for FTRP has not been determined.

Intentional Modulation of Portal Venous Pressure by Splenectomy Saves the Patient with Liver Failure and Portal Hypertension After Major Hepatectomy: Is Delayed Splenectomy an Acceptable Therapeutic Option for Secondary Portal Hypertension?

BACKGROUND Major or aggressively-extended hepatectomy (MAEH) may cause secondary portal hypertension (PH), and postoperative liver failure (POLF) and is often fatal. Challenges to prevent secondary PH and subsequent POLF, such as shunt creation and splenic arterial ligation, have been reported. However, these procedures have been performed simultaneously only during the initial MAEH.

Laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis: How to discourage surgeons using inadequate therapy.

Acute appendicitis (AA) develops in a progressive and irreversible manner, even if the clinical course of AA can be temporarily modified by intentional medications. Reliable and real-time diagnosis of AA can be made based on findings of the white blood cell count and enhanced computed tomography. Emergent laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is considered as the first therapeutic choice for AA.

Postoperative Biliary Leak Treated with Chemical Bile Duct Ablation Using Absolute Ethanol: A Report of Two Cases.

BACKGROUND Postoperative bile duct leak following hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery can be intractable, and the postoperative course can be prolonged. However, if the site of the leak is in the distal bile duct in the main biliary tract, the therapeutic options may be limited. Injection of absolute ethanol into the bile duct requires correct identification of the bile duct, and balloon occlusion is useful to avoid damage to the surrounding tissues, even in cases with non-communicating biliary fistula and bile leak.

Outcome of a Modified Laparoscopic Suture Rectopexy for Rectal Prolapse with the Use of a Single or Double Suture: A Case Series of 15 Patients.

BACKGROUND Surgery is considered to be a mainstay of therapy for full-thickness rectal prolapse (FTRP). Surgical procedures for FTRP have been described, but optimal treatment is still controversial. The aim of this report is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a simplified laparoscopic suture rectopexy (LSR) in a case series of 15 patients who presented with FTRP and who had postoperative follow-up for six months.