Nanoparticle transport within non-Newtonian fluid flow in porous media.

Control over dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer solutions through porous media is important for subsurface applications such as soil remediation and enhanced oil recovery. Dispersion is affected by the spatial heterogeneity of porous media, the non-Newtonian behavior of polymer solutions, and the Brownian motion of nanoparticles. Here, we use the Euler-Lagrangian method to simulate the flow of nanoparticles and inelastic non-Newtonian fluids (described by Meter model) in a range of porous media samples and injection rates.

Power density modulated ultrasonic degradation of perfluoroalkyl substances with and without sparging Argon.

The power density modulates the dynamics of the chemical reactions during the ultrasonic breakdown of organic compounds. We evaluated the ultrasonic degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) at various power densities (30 W/L-262 W/L) with and without sparging Argon. We observed pseudo-first-order degradation kinetics at an initial PFASs concentration of 100 nM over a range of power density.

Kinetic model for sonolytic degradation of non-volatile surfactants: Perfluoroalkyl substances.

Sonolytic degradation kinetics of non-volatile surfactant perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) were investigated over a range of concentration, considering active cavity as a catalyst. The Michaelis-Menten type kinetic model was developed to empirically estimate the concentration of active cavity sites during reactions. Sonolytic degradation of PFOA and PFOS, as well as the formation of its inorganic constituents, fluoride, and sulfate, follows saturation kinetics of pseudo-first order at lower concentration (<2.