Impact of diabetes remission or progression on the incidence of cardiovascular disease in Japan: historical cohort study using a nationwide claims database.

Background: Previous studies demonstrated that diabetes remission can occur during intensive intervention and in real-world settings. However, the impact of diabetes remission in real-world settings on the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 299,967 individuals aged 20-72 years who underwent multiple checkups between 2008 and 2020 and completed ≥ 3 years of follow-up.

[SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT WITH mFOLFOX6 FOR URACHAL ADENOCARCINOMA WITH MULTIPLE LUNG METASTASIS: A CASE REPORT].

We report the case of a 41-year-old man who presented with gross hematuria and a bladder tumor on ultrasonography. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated a possible muscle-invasive bladder cancer or urachal carcinoma. Following transurethral resection of the bladder tumor, histopathological findings revealed an adenocarcinoma similar to colorectal cancer.

Particulate hexavalent chromium exposure induces DNA double-strand breaks and inhibits homologous recombination repair in rat and human lung tissues.

Lung cancer is an important human health concern because of its high mortality rate, with many cases caused by environmental chemicals other than tobacco. Particulate hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a well-established human lung carcinogen, but how Cr(VI) induces lung cancer is poorly understood. Chromosome instability, a hallmark of lung cancer, is considered a major driving factor in Cr(VI)-induced lung cancer.

Intraoperative Transbronchial Metallic Coil Marking for Small Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions in a Hybrid Operation Room.

: Computed tomography (CT)-guided transbronchial metallic coil marking is useful for identifying the locations of small peripheral pulmonary lesions. Even deeply located lesions may be accurately identified and resected with adequate margins. This method is also applicable to multiple lesions.

Intraoperative transbronchial metallic coil marking guided by mobile 3D C-arm for resection of a small peripheral lung lesion.

Sublober resection of small peripheral lung lesions using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery may require marking and confirmation using 3D imaging in the interventional radiology suite or in the hybrid operating room (HOR) before surgery is started. We report a novel approach for intraoperative transbronchial metallic coil marking followed by thoracoscopic wedge resection in a conventional operating room under mobile 3D C-arm guidance. Under general anesthesia, an ultrathin video-bronchoscope was inserted into an objective bronchus guided with virtual bronchoscopic navigation, and a coil-feeding microcatheter was introduced through the bronchoscope's channel.

Microbiome and Hemato-immune Aging.

The microbiome is a highly complex and diverse symbiotic component that undergoes dynamic changes with the organismal aging. Microbial perturbations, termed dysbiosis, exert strong influence on dysregulating the bone marrow niche and subsequently promoting the aging of hematopoietic and immune system. Accumulating studies have revealed the substantial impact of intestinal microbiome on the initiation and progression of age-related hematologic alteration and diseases, such as clonal hematopoiesis and blood cancers.

Lenvatinib treatment strategy for thyroid carcinoma with malignant pleurisy: a case report.

Background: Although lenvatinib is effective for unresectable thyroid carcinoma, it may cause adverse events owing to rapid tumor shrinkage or necrosis. Pneumothorax during lenvatinib therapy is rare. However, once it occurs, it can become a refractory and fatal complication.

Achievements of perioperative assist team medical care in esophageal cancer surgery, Tokushima University Hospital.

Background: Radical esophagectomy is highly invasive and associated with many postoperative complications. A decline in postoperative QOL is a serious issue for patients, and comprehensive perioperative management through multidisciplinary cooperation is necessary. Our institution has established a perioperative assist team (OPERA) to address this need since 2017.

GenerRNA: A generative pre-trained language model for de novo RNA design.

The design of RNA plays a crucial role in developing RNA vaccines, nucleic acid therapeutics, and innovative biotechnological tools. However, existing techniques frequently lack versatility across various tasks and are dependent on pre-defined secondary structure or other prior knowledge. To address these limitations, we introduce GenerRNA, a Transformer-based model inspired by the success of large language models (LLMs) in protein and molecule generation.

Expansion effect of romiplostim on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells versus thrombopoietin and eltrombopag.

Romiplostim, a thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonist, is a clinically approved drug that is clearly effective in reconstituting hematopoiesis in refractory aplastic anemia and　idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. However, the mechanism underlying its biological effect is unknown, and its differences from other TPO receptor agonists remain unclear. Therefore, we determined the in vitro expansion effect of romiplostim on human CD34 + hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) versus recombinant human TPO (rhTPO) and another clinically available drug, eltrombopag.

Three-dimensional assessment of the nasopharyngeal airway in Down syndrome during the mixed dentition period: a case-control study.

Objective: In this retrospective case-control study, we aimed to evaluate the nasopharyngeal airway volume of children with Down syndrome (DS) and compare the results with those of control participants well matched for sex and age.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen children with DS (mean age = 9.43 ± 0.

Impact of interstitial lung disease gender-age-physiology index in surgically treated lung cancer.

Background: The postoperative prognosis of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and lung cancer is poor. Recently, the ILD-gender-age-physiology (GAP) index was identified as a clinical prognostic factor for patients with ILD. This study investigated the ILD-GAP index and oncological factors regarding postoperative outcomes.

Long-term observation of patients with advanced late-onset Pompe disease undergoing enzyme replacement therapy: A 15-year observation in a single center.

Background: There have been few descriptions in the literature on long-term enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in patients with advanced late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD).

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and limitations of ERT in advanced LOPD patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical courses of patients with advanced LOPD (two juvenile-onset and five adult-onset patients) who were treated with recombinant human alglucosidase alfa to examine improvements achieved with and limitations of ERT until their death or when switching to avalglucosidase alfa occurred.

Arginine vasopressin deficiency onset after COVID-19 vaccination with positive anti-rabphilin-3A antibodies: a case report and literature review.

Background: Arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D) can occur due to various conditions, so clarifying its cause is important for deciding treatment strategy. Although several cases of AVP-D following coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) infection or COVID-19 vaccination have been reported, the diagnosis of the underlying disease has not been reported in most cases.

Case Presentation: A 75-year-old woman who presented with polydipsia and polyuria 9 weeks after contracting COVID-19 and 5 weeks after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, leading to the final diagnosis of AVP-D 8 months after the first appearance of symptoms.

Sustainable sonoprocess for synthesizing γ-GaO/InSn core-shell submicron particles via acoustic emulsification and oxidation of molten EGaInSn at room temperature.

This study investigated the sustainable room-temperature synthesis of InSn/γ-GaO core-shell particles via an acoustic route using molten eutectic Ga-In-Sn alloy (EGaInSn). Sonication was used for the emulsification and oxidation steps. During the emulsification step, the sonication of molten EGaInSn in ethanol (EtOH) at 45 kHz facilitated the formation of the smallest EGaInSn particles (average diameter, D = 782 nm).

Mobilization dynamics of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells during hematopoietic regeneration.

Under stress hematopoiesis, previous studies have suggested the migration of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from bone marrow (BM) to extramedullary sites such as the spleen. However, there is little direct evidence of HSC migration from the BM to the spleen. Here, we induced myeloablation via 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and showed direct evidence of HSC migration from BM to spleen during hematopoietic regeneration via a photoconvertible fluorophore.

Integrin-α9 overexpression underlies the niche-independent maintenance of leukemia stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia.

Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are widely believed to reside in well-characterized bone marrow (BM) niches; however, the capacity of the BM niches to accommodate LSCs is insufficient, and a significant proportion of LSCs are instead maintained in regions outside the BM. The molecular basis for this niche-independent behavior of LSCs remains elusive. Here, we show that integrin-α9 overexpression (ITGA9 OE) plays a pivotal role in the extramedullary maintenance of LSCs by molecularly mimicking the niche-interacting status, through the binding with its soluble ligand, osteopontin (OPN).

A New Histology-Based Prognostic Index for Aggressive T-Cell lymphoma: Preliminary Results of the "TCL Urayasu Classification".

Aggressive mature T-cell lymphoma (TCL) is a disease that carries a poor prognosis. We analyzed the expression of 22 tumor cell functional proteins in 16 randomly selected patients with TCL. Immunohistochemistry was performed in paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sections to determine the protein expression statuses in tumor cells.

Sonochemical decomposition effects of nickelocene aiming for low-temperature and dispersant-free synthesis of nickel fine particle.

Sonochemical decomposition effects of nickelocene, which sublimates easily were investigated to synthesize dispersant-free nickel fine particles at low temperature. In a hydrazine monohydrate and 2-propanol mixed solvent, the reduction of nickelocene was promoted by ultrasound irradiation, and nickel fine particles were synthesized while precluding the sublimation of nickelocene. Unlike the common hydrazine reduction of nickel salts, which requires multiple-step reactions, nickelocene was reduced directly without forming intermediates.

Activation of NOTCH signaling impedes cell proliferation and survival in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.

The genetic lesions that drive acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) have not been fully elucidated. To search for genetic alterations in AMKL, we performed targeted deep sequencing in 34 AMKL patient samples and 8 AMKL cell lines and detected frequent genetic mutations in the NOTCH pathway in addition to previously reported alterations in GATA-1 and the JAK-STAT pathway. Pharmacological and genetic NOTCH activation, but not inhibition, significantly suppressed AMKL cell proliferation in both in vitro and in vivo assays employing a patient-derived xenograft model.