Bloodstain examination and DNA typing from hand-washed bloodstains on clothes.

We investigated whether bloodstain examination and DNA typing can be performed on washed bloodstains on clothes. Blood was dropped onto T-shirts made from 100% cotton or 100% polyester. After drying, the T-shirts were hand-washed with handwashing soap, dishwashing detergent, laundry detergent, soap, or just water until the bloodstains could not be seen.

Endoscopic full-thickness resection of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a Japanese case series.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are potentially malignant and are indicated for resection. The standard treatment for resectable GISTs is surgery, although endoscopic resection has been reported outside Japan. This study retrospectively analyzed the results of endoscopic resection of GISTs in Japan.

[Surgical Resection of Peritoneal Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Endoscopic Fluorescence Imaging System].

A 66-year-old man presented with recurrences in the peritoneum 3 years after heavy particle beam therapy with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and underwent laparoscopic surgery.Five months after surgery, a new peritoneal dissemination found in the vicinity of the colon hepatic flexure area by CT examination, and laparoscopic resection was planned again.Indocyanine green(ICG)0.

[A Case of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis Treated Successfully with Multidisciplinary Therapy Including Preoperative Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy(SBRT)].

A 61-year-old man untreated with hepatitis C virus presented to our hospital.He was diagnosed advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT).The hazy tumor was located in the left lobe, and the tumor thrombus extended into the left portal vein.

Time to initiation or duration of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy; which really impacts on survival in stage II and III gastric cancer?

Background: Surgical resection with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is the standard of care for stage II-III gastric cancer (GC). However, it is unclear if time to initiation and duration of S-1 AC impact on survival.

Methods: A multi-institutional GC database identified 498 patients who were treated with S-1 AC after D2 or more extended radical surgery for stage II-III gastric cancer.

[Eleven Patients with Gastric Cancer Who Received Chemotherapy after Stent Placement for Gastric Outlet Obstruction].

Endoscopic placement of self-expandable metallic stents is reportedly effective for gastric outlet obstructions due to advanced gastric cancer, and is less invasive than gastrojejunostomy. For patients who have good performance status, we administer chemotherapy after stent placement, although the safety and feasibility of this chemotherapy have not yet been discussed in full. Between 2011 and 2015, 15 patients at our institution underwent endoscopic gastroduodenal stent placement for gastric outlet obstruction due to gastric cancer.

Identification of canine saliva using mRNA-based assay.

A dog saliva analysis in addition to a bite-mark analysis may be important for evidence when a crime involves a dog bite. In this study, the utility of detecting canine saliva-specific mRNAs to identify canine saliva was evaluated. Canine saliva swabs (n = 20), urine swabs (n = 20), body surface swabs (n = 20), whole blood samples (n = 10), human saliva (n = 20), human skin surface swabs (n = 20), and human whole blood (n = 20) were tested.

Screening Test for Shed Skin Cells by Measuring the Ratio of Human DNA to Staphylococcus epidermidis DNA.

A novel screening method for shed skin cells by detecting Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), which is a resident bacterium on skin, was developed. Staphylococcus epidermidis was detected using real-time PCR.

Expression of recombinant organophosphorus hydrolase in the original producer of the enzyme, Sphingobium fuliginis ATCC 27551.

The plasmid encoding His-tagged organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) cloned from Sphingobium fuliginis was modified to be transferred back to this bacterium. The replication function of S. amiense plasmid was inserted at downstream of OPH gene, and S.

Comparison of surgical techniques for stoma closure: A retrospective study of purse-string skin closure versus conventional skin closure following ileostomy and colostomy reversal.

The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of postoperative complications, including superficial incisional surgical site infection (SSI) following purse-string skin closure (PS) and conventional skin closure with a drainage tube (CD) following stoma closure. A total of 55 consecutive patients who underwent loop colostomy and loop ileostomy closures in our hospital between October, 2011 and September, 2014 were retrospectively assessed. The patients were divided into two groups, namely the PS group (26 patients) and the CD group (29 patients).

A novel method for sex determination by detecting the number of X chromosomes.

A novel method for sex determination, based on the detection of the number of X chromosomes, was established. Current methods, based on the detection of the Y chromosome, can directly identify an unknown sample as male, but female gender is determined indirectly, by not detecting the Y chromosome. Thus, a direct determination of female gender is important because the quality (e.

Identification of feces by detection of Bacteroides genes.

In forensic science, the identification of feces is very important in a variety of crime investigations. However, no sensitive and simple fecal identification method using molecular biological techniques has been reported. Here, we focused on the fecal bacteria, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and developed a novel fecal identification method by detection of the gene sequences specific to these bacteria in various body (feces, blood, saliva, semen, urine, vaginal fluids and skin surfaces) and forensic (anal adhesions) specimens.

Chromic behaviors of hexagonal columnar liquid crystalline platinum complexes with catecholato, 2-thiophenolato, and benzenedithiolato.

Liquid crystalline (LC) platinum(II) complexes with 1,2-thiophenolato and 1,2-benzendithiolato have been newly synthesized and investigated by spectroscopy together with the catecholato analogue. The variations in coordinating atoms (O or S or O/S mixed) lead to significant modulation in electrochemical properties in solution and absorption and emission properties of the complexes both in solution media and in the condensed phases. The asymmetric, polar mesogens/chromophores consisting of Pt(II), redox-active ligands, and alkyl-substituted bipyridine commonly play important roles not only in stabilizing the columnar LC phases, but also in fluctuations of the ground state energies.

A simple identification method of saliva by detecting Streptococcus salivarius using loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

We previously reported that detection of Streptococcus salivarius is feasible for proving the presence of saliva in a forensic sample. Here, a simple and rapid method for the detection of S. salivarius in forensic samples was developed that uses loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).

A novel method for the identification of saliva by detecting oral streptococci using PCR.

We have used DNA amplification methods to detect common oral bacterial strains to test for the presence of saliva in forensic samples. Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus mutans were detected in various forms of saliva samples, whereas these streptococci were not detected in semen, urine, vaginal fluid, or on skin surfaces. Therefore, we demonstrated that these streptococci are promising new marker for the forensic identification of saliva.

Methamphetamine body packer: acute poisoning death due to massive leaking of methamphetamine.

We encountered three methamphetamine (MA) body packers presenting simultaneously, one of whom died. Three Nigerian men (39, 35, and 37 years old) who attempted to smuggle were found to contain 35 (498 g), 21 (292 g), and 5 packages (73 g) of methamphetamine hydrochloride (MA-HCl) in their stomachs, respectively. Packages were wrapped with plastic film and Scotch tape.

New safe method for preparation of sarin-exposed human erythrocytes acetylcholinesterase using non-toxic and stable sarin analogue isopropyl p-nitrophenyl methylphosphonate and its application to evaluation of nerve agent antidotes.

Introduction: A non-toxic and stable sarin analogue, isopropyl p-nitrophenyl methylphosphonate (INMP), was synthesized for safe preparation of sarin-exposed acetylcholinesterase (AChE).

Results And Discussion: This agent was stable for years, able to be handled in an ordinary laboratory without special care, and its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) on 0.04 U/ml human erythrocytes AChE was 15 nM.

Preparation of latex reagents combined with IgM and its F(ab')2 fragment from commercial ABO blood grouping reagent.

To achieve a rapid assay for ABO blood grouping using a latex reagent, two latex reagents were produced, one of which combined with mouse monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) isolated from commercial ABO blood grouping reagent, and the other of which combined with its F(ab')2 fragment prepared by cold pepsin digestion. The latex reagent adsorbing the F(ab')2 fragment was able to detect the 1000-fold diluted saliva and provided much better sensitivity than that of IgM. This suggests that the difference in sensitivity between the two latex reagents is responsible for adsorption orientation of the antigen site on the latex particles.

Individual comparisons of the levels of (E)-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid, an axillary odor-related compound, in Japanese.

The (E)-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid (E3M2H), an axillary odor-related compound, is known to occur in Caucasians. The aims of this study were to clarify whether E3M2H contributes to axillary odor in Asians and to quantify and compare individual levels of E3M2H. Quantitative determination of E3M2H was performed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of sweat extracted from the axillary areas of T-shirts worn for 24 h by Japanese subjects.

[Gastrointestinal stromal tumor].

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), the most common submucosal tumor in the gut, express the KIT protein. Gain-of-function mutations in the KIT or PDGF-R alpha gene is involved in oncogenesis and growth of GISTs. Although the first-line therapy of resectable GISTs is surgery, imatinib mesylate, a target-based molecule against KIT and PDGF-R alpha proteins, showed remarkable clinical effects and good tolerability for non-resectable GISTs.

Alleles responsible for ABO phenotype-genotype discrepancy and alleles in individuals with a weak expression of A or B antigens.

ABO types obtained from evidentiary samples have been used effectively to obtain the initial information leading to the apprehension of culprits in Japanese criminal investigations. A simple ABO genotyping method using multiplex sequence-specific PCR and capillary electrophoresis was developed as a supplement to serological ABO typing. Limitations in predicting a phenotype based on genotype were evaluated using 1134 randomly selected Japanese peripheral blood samples.

Monoclonal antibodies against blood group A secretors and nonsecretors saliva.

To obtain monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that distinguish secretor and nonsecretor from their saliva in forensic casework, two (K7405 and K7422) and one (K7516) MAbs reacting to blood group A antigen were produced by immunization of mice with salivary mucin obtained from blood group A secretors and nonsecretors, respectively. K7405, produced by immunization with salivary mucin obtained from A secretor, reacted with the A substances bound to the carrier protein but not with the A substance separated from the carrier protein. On the other hand, the K7422 and K7516 were reactive to the A substance separated from carrier protein.