Novel image-guided marker aimed at organ-preserving therapies for prostate cancer.

Objective: We developed fiducial imaging-guidance markers for the prostate with less imaging artifacts than currently commercially available markers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the imaging artifacts and potential usefulness and safety of these novel fiducial imaging markers in preclinical experiments.

Methods: We selected specific metal materials and a shape that can minimize artifacts in line with a license we obtained for a metal with a gold-platinum (Au-Pt) alloy composition that maximized artifact-free MRI images.

A comparison of nephrotoxicity between patients with a solitary-functioning kidney and those with bilateral-functioning kidneys in cisplatin-based chemotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma: a Japanese retrospective multi-institutional study.

Background: To compare the prevalence of nephrotoxicity between patients with a solitary-functioning kidney versus those with bilateral-functioning kidneys during the administration of cisplatin-based chemotherapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 244 advanced urothelial carcinoma patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy between 2004 and 2010 at 17 institutes in Japan. The 24 h creatinine clearance, Cockcroft-Gault formula, and estimated glomerular filtration rate equation (eGFR), were compared before all chemotherapies.

[Neuroendocrine Tumor Possibly Originating from the Kidney : A Case Report].

A 40-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with right lower back pain as the chief complaint. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a partially-solid tumor within a cyst measuring approximately 6 cm in diameter in the right renal hilum. The solid part was enhanced in the early phase and contrast medium was washed out earlier in the solid part than in the parenchyma in the equilibrium phase.

Impact of acute kidney injury defined by CTCAE v4.0 during first course of cisplatin-based chemotherapy on treatment outcomes in advanced urothelial cancer patients.

Background: The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes group (KDIGO) defined acute kidney injury (AKI) as an elevation of serum creatinine (sCR) exceeding 0.3 mg/dl within 48 h. The widely used adverse events criteria for chemotherapy, Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.

Current status of systemic chemotherapy for octogenarians with advanced urothelial cancer in Japan: a Japanese multi-institutional study (CURE study).

Background: The standard regimen of systemic chemotherapy for patients with advanced urothelial cancer (UC) changed from methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin, and cisplatin (MVAC) to gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) in 2008 when the use of gemcitabine for UC began to be reimbursed by public health insurance in Japan. We examined its influence on the chemotherapy trend in elderly patients aged ≥80 years.

Methods: Among 345 patients included in our previous multicenter retrospective cohort study (chemotherapy for urothelial carcinoma: renal function and efficacy study; CURE study), the outcome of 30 patients aged ≥80 years was reviewed before and after 2008 and compared with 315 young patients.

Impact of renal function of patients with advanced urothelial cancer on eligibility for first-line chemotherapy and treatment outcomes.

Objective: The aim of the study is to clarify the clinical effects of first-line chemotherapy regimens for advanced urothelial cancer on clinical responses and survival of patients grouped by renal function.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, 345 urothelial cancer patients received systemic chemotherapy for metastatic or unresectable disease in 17 centers (2004-10).

Results: Two hundred and forty-one patients were treated with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin/methotrexate, epirubicin and cisplatin (n = 136) or gemcitabine and cisplatin (n = 105) followed by carboplatin-based treatments, non-platinum treatments or other regimens.

Total pelvic floor reconstruction during non-nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: impact on early recovery of urinary continence.

Objectives: To develop a modified technique of "total pelvic floor reconstruction" during non-nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, and to determine its effect on postoperative urinary outcomes.

Methods: A total of 128 patients who underwent non-nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy were evaluated, including 81 with total pelvic floor reconstruction and 47 with non-total pelvic floor reconstruction. Nerve-sparing cases were excluded.

Assessment of renal shape of horseshoe kidney with multidetector row CT in adult patients: relationship between urolithiasis and renal isthmus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between urolithiasis and characteristics of renal shape in adult patients with horseshoe kidney (HSK) diagnosed on multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT).

Methods: We evaluated 36 patients with HSK and urolithiasis (Group A) and 70 patients with HSK without urolithiasis (Group B) whose disease was diagnosed on non-contrast MDCT. Two radiologists measured minimum width of the renal isthmus and maximum length of the renal pelvis and evaluated coexisting neoplastic diseases on axial computed tomographic (CT) images with 5-mm reconstruction, and we compared those measurements between the Groups A and B.

Dorsal vein complex preserving technique for intrafascial nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: To describe a novel dorsal vein complex preserving technique for intrafascial nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and to evaluate its postoperative outcomes.

Methods: A total of 109 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy by a single surgeon were evaluated, including 44 patients with dorsal vein complex preserving technique for intrafascial nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, 20 patients with conventional intrafascial nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and 45 patients with non-nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Functional outcomes were evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire (Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite).

[Prostatic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma].

A 71-year-old man underwent a radical nephrectomy for right renal cell carcinoma in April, 2005. Pathological findings revealed clear cell carcinoma, G3＞G2, pT3a. Three years later, he underwent a craniotomy for tumor resection of solitary brain metastasis.

[Successful resection of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor in the pelvis with imatinib mesylate as neoadjuvant therapy].

We report a case of marginally resectable gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in the pelvis treated with neoadjuvant intent before subsequent successful surgical resection. A 46-year old man presented with urinary frequency and rectal discomfort with tenesmus. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 12 cm diameter mass between the bladder and rectum and the margin of the tumor and prostate was unclear.

[Granulocytic sarcoma of the prostate].

A 71-year-old man with dysuria was referred to our hospital. The level of serum prostate specific antigen was slightly elevated (4.66 ng/ml), and digital rectal examination revealed a stony hard prostate mass.

[Complete response to M-FAP chemotherapy for multiple lung metastases after segmental resection of urachal carcinoma : a case report].

A 39-year-old man visited our clinic with gross hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a papillary tumor at the urinary bladder dome. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography(CT) demonstrated a tumor extending from the umbilicus to the bladder dome.

Uretero-aortic fistula: a case report.

We report a case of uretero-aortic fistula following prolonged ureteral stenting in the left ureter which crossed over the aorta toward the cutaneous ureterostomy stoma. A 59 year-old woman presented massive bleeding from the left cutaneous ureterostomy of the single stoma for bilateral ureters. The patient underwent radical hysterectomy and total cystectomy with a single stoma cutaneous ureterostomy for advanced cervical and bladder cancers.

[Salvage chemotherapy with paclitaxel, ifosphamide and nedaplatin for relapsed or refractory germ cell cancer].

Purpose: Only 20-30% of patients with cisplatin refractory or relapsed germ cell cancer will remain continuously disease free with salvage chemotherapy. Paclitaxel is a potent anticancer agent against a variety of solid cancers. The present study investigated the chemotherapy with paclitaxel in combination with nedaplatin, which is a derivative of cisplatin, and ifosphamide as salvage chemotherapy for cisplatin refractory germ cell cancer.

[Progress in therapy for testicular tumors].

Approximately 80% of patients with metastatic testicular tumors are cured by cisplatin-containing chemotherapy and surgery. However, the remaining 20% of patients with advanced testicular tumors can not be cured at present. Thus, therapy for these testicular tumors infractory to treatment is the most important issue.

Nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for advanced testicular cancer after chemotherapy.

Background: Nerve-sparing techniques are commonly used in retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with early stage testicular germ cell tumors to preserve postoperative ejaculation. The indications for nerve-sparing procedures have been extended to patients who have residual retroperitoneal tumor postchemotherapy with an increase in the incidence of local recurrence. Here, we report on 26 Japanese men with advanced testicular cancer who underwent nerve-sparing RPLND after partially successful chemotherapy.

Irinotecan plus cisplatin has substantial antitumor effect as salvage chemotherapy against germ cell tumors.

Background: Only 20-30% of patients with refractory or recurrent germ cell tumors (GCT) are cured by salvage chemotherapy. Irinotecan, a new derivative of camptothecin, is a potent anticancer agent against a variety of solid cancers. The current pilot study investigated the efficacy of salvage chemotherapy with irinotecan in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) or nedaplatin (NDP), a derivative of cisplatin, for GCT.