Mechanical stress up-regulates RANKL expression via the VEGF autocrine pathway in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

Although it has been reported that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes not only angiogenesis but also osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation, few reports exist regarding VEGF/VEGF receptor (VEGFR) signaling in osteoblasts, which regulate osteoclast differentiation and generate VEGF. This study examined the expression of the bone remodeling factor VEGF-A and its receptors, VEGFR-1 (Flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (Flk-1/KDR), in murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells with the application of mechanical stress. The protein concentration of VEGF-A in the mechanical stress group increased markedly compared with the control group, while that of macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the mechanical stress group was lower than in the control group.

Molecular cloning and preliminary expression analysis of banded dogfish (Triakis scyllia) TNF decoy receptor 3 (TNFRSF6B).

Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), a member of TNF receptor superfamily, is a soluble receptor without death domain and cytoplasmic domain, and secreted by cells and binds with FasL, LIGHT and TL1A. The principal function of DcR3 is the inhibition of apoptosis by the binding cytotoxic ligands. Expression of DcR3 has been reported in a wide array of normal human tissues as well as tumors and tumor cell lines.

Planar chiral cyclic ether: asymmetric resolution and chirality transformation.

Remarkably stable planar chirality was found in a nine-membered diallylic cyclic ether. Enantiomerically enriched ether was prepared by a kinetic resolution of a racemic one, which is valuable as a novel type of chiral building block.

Molecular cloning and preliminary expression analysis of banded dogfish (Triakis scyllia) CC chemokine cDNAs by use of suppression subtractive hybridization.

Suppression subtractive hybridization was carried out by using cDNAs of peripheral white blood cells (PWBCs) of banded dogfish (Triakis scyllia) after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation. The Trsc-SCYA107, MIP3alpha1 and MIP3alpha2 clones contained an open reading frame encoding 97, 99 and 97 amino acids, respectively. Comparison of the deduced amino acids showed that the banded dogfish MIP3alpha1 and MIP3alpha2 sequences shared 42.