Usefulness of combined androgen blockade therapy with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist for bone metastatic prostate cancer with pretreatment prostate-specific antigen level ≥ 50 ng/mL.

Background: This study was performed to examine the usefulness of combined androgen blockade (CAB) therapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist (CAB-antagonist therapy), instead of CAB therapy with GnRH agonist (CAB-agonist therapy) against very high-risk prostate cancer (Pca).

Methods: We retrospectively studied 84 Pca patients with pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level ≥ 50 ng/mL, who were pathologically diagnosed between January 2007 and December 2016. GnRH antagonist was administered to 34 patients and GnRH agonist was administered to 50 patients.

Complete remission of chemo-refractory multiple-metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma by autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine.

A patient with chemo-refractory multiple-metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated by monotherapy with autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV) resulted in complete remission of the lung and para-aortic lymph node metastases (ongoing >3 years after AFTV). The tumor was immunohistologically negative for PD-L1. AFTV will be an attractive treatment option.

Usage of high-performance mattresses for transport of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin.

Ground transport can be a stressful operation for dolphins if the long period of restraint causes damage to internal organs, especially to the lung, generated by their own weight. Buoyancy is deprived from dolphins under moist transport, in which dolphins are transported on mattresses. Upgrading mattresses is an effective way to modify the transportation method so as to compensate for the loss of buoyancy.

Effect of the potassium channel opener WAY-133537 on the overactive bladder of spinalized rats.

Aims: To test the efficacy of WAY-133537 for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) in a chronic paraplegic rat model.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Six animals served as normal controls (without spinal cord transaction (ST)), while 42 rats underwent ST at the 10th thoracic vertebra.

Sacral neuromodulation: long-term experience of one center.

Objectives: To perform a retrospective analysis of the long-term results of our experience with neuromodulation. Our center has been involved in the early studies leading to approval of the NeuroStim system of neuromodulation for the treatment of patients presenting with refractory lower urinary symptoms of urgency/frequency with or without incontinence and chronic urinary retention.

Methods: A total of 52 patients have undergone implantation at our center since 1990 using very rigid criteria, including temporary percutaneous nerve evaluation for up to 7 days and a requirement of 50% improvement before consideration for implantation.

Angiomyolipoma of kidney involving the inferior vena cava.

We successfully treated a case of angiomyolipoma of the right kidney involving the inferior vena cava. Tissue sections of the tumor were immunostained and immunohistochemically tested with the smooth muscle related antibodies, namely, calponin h1, h-caldesmon and alpha-smooth muscle actin, and were then compared with the five cases of common type of angiomyolipoma. Furthermore, we reviewed and analyzed 25 case reports of invasive renal angiomyolipomas.