Factor affecting severe atherothrombotic cerebral infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Large-scale claim database analysis of Japan.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with the exacerbation of the severity of atherothrombotic brain infarction at discharge in patients with type 2 diabetes using a large-scale claims database.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized the Medical Data Vision administrative claims database, a nationwide database in Japan using acute care hospital data, and the Diagnosis Procedure Combination system. Diagnosis Procedure Combination data collected between April 1, 2008, and December 31, 2022, were extracted.

Adverse Metabolic Effects on Glucose in Patients Receiving Anamorelin Using a Japanese Claims Database.

Background: Anamorelin is the first drug approved for the treatment of cancer cachexia, a debilitating condition characterized by weight loss, anorexia, and muscle mass depletion. Cachexia negatively affects a patient's quality of life, survival, and response to chemotherapy. Studies describing anamorelin use are currently limited to a small number of pancreatic cancer cases.

Real-world risk of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in comparison with metformin: A propensity score-matched model analysis in Japan.

We aimed to compare the effects of cardiovascular disease risk in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) or metformin. This retrospective, real-world cohort study was carried out using a claims database and propensity score matching; 58,402 eligible patients (29,201 per group) were included. The outcomes included nonfatal myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, nonfatal stroke, hospitalization for heart failure and composite end-points.

Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis Progression After Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Does Not Affect the Clinical Outcomes or Survivorship at Minimum 7 Years' Follow-Up.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) with respect to the patellofemoral joint and to assess the effects of patellofemoral osteoarthritis (OA) progression after OWHTO on clinical outcomes at minimum 7 years' follow-up.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 95 knees that underwent OWHTO and at least 7 years of follow-up. Clinical parameters including anterior knee pain, Japanese Orthopedic Association score, Oxford Knee Score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Hospital for Special Surgery patella score, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-patellofemoral subscale were evaluated.

Evidence that only EWS among the FET proteins acquires a low partitioning property for the hyperosmotic stress response by O-GlcNAc glycosylation on its low-complexity domain.

FET proteins (FUS, EWS, and TAF15) share a common domain organization, bind RNA/DNA, and perform similarly multifunctional roles in the regulation of gene expression. Of the FET proteins, however, only EWS appears to have a distinct property in the cellular stress response. Therefore, we focused on the relationship between hyperosmotic stress response and post-translational modifications of the FET proteins.

Orthogeriatric co-management at a regional core hospital as a new multidisciplinary approach in Japanese hip fracture operation.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of orthogeriatric co-management of hip fractures at a regional core hospital.

Methods: This study included patients with proximal hip fracture. Patients were divided into two groups, conventional multidisciplinary group I including patients attending the hospital between April 2015 and March 2016 and orthogeriatric group II including patients attending the hospital between April 2016 and March 2017, which were compared retrospectively.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound does not promote bone healing and functional recovery after open wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Aims: To evaluate whether low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) accelerates bone healing at osteotomy sites and promotes functional recovery after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO).

Methods: Overall, 90 patients who underwent OWHTO without bone grafting were enrolled in this nonrandomized retrospective study, and 45 patients treated with LIPUS were compared with 45 patients without LIPUS treatment in terms of bone healing and functional recovery postoperatively. Clinical evaluations, including the pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, were performed preoperatively as well as six weeks and three, six, and 12 months postoperatively.

Postoperative Urinary Retention in Japanese Elderly Males with a Femoral Neck or Trochanteric Fracture.

We assessed risk factors for postoperative urinary retention (UR) in elderly males with femoral bone fractures: 169 Japanese males (mean age 81.95 ± 1.19 years) who had undergone hip surgery at a municipal hospital (Toyama, Japan).

Epidemiology of trauma-related paediatric limb fracture using a unique classification: A 10-year retrospective, single-centre study.

Introduction: Research regarding the epidemiology of paediatric trauma is limited. Using our unique classification, we describe paediatric trauma cases in a 10-year single-centre study to improve paediatric care.

Materials And Methods: Data regarding all paediatric trauma cases were extracted using a computerised medical record system that detected fracture diagnosis and epiphyseal injury.

Development and validation of an equation to predict the incidence of coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan.

Objective: In the diabetes treatment policy after the Kumamoto Declaration 2013, it is difficult to accurately predict the incidence of complications in patients using the JJ risk engine. This study was conducted to develop a prediction equation suitable for the current diabetes treatment policy using patient data from Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital (Hospital A) and to externally validate the developed equation using patient data from Kitasato University Hospital (Hospital B). Outlier tests were performed on the patient data from Hospital A to exclude the outliers.

Impact of overlapping risks of type 2 diabetes and obesity on coronavirus disease severity in the United States.

The impact of overlapping risk factors on coronavirus disease (COVID-19) severity is unclear. To evaluate the impact of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity on COVID-19 severity, we conducted a cohort study with 28,095 anonymized COVID-19 patients using data from the COVID-19 Research Database from January 1, 2020 to November 30, 2020. The mean age was 50.

Acute kidney injury in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients receiving sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: A nationwide cohort study.

The present retrospective study aimed to identify factors associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. We identified 171,622 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; among them, 476 (0.3%) patients developed acute kidney injury.

Multidisciplinary care model for geriatric patients with hip fracture in Japan: 5-year experience.

Introduction: Japan is a super-aging society, the geriatric care system establishment for hip fractures is at an urgent task. This report described our concept of multidisciplinary care model for geriatric hip fractures and 5-year outcomes at the Toyama City Hospital, Japan.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, a multidisciplinary treatment approach was applied for elderly patients with hip fracture since 2014.

Real-world risk of hypoglycemia-related hospitalization in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes using SGLT2 inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study.

Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are believed to lower glucose levels and inhibit cardiovascular events related to type 2 diabetes (T2D). To maximize their benefits, the risk of resultant hypoglycemia has to be minimized; however, the magnitude of this risk remains unclear. Here, we aimed to identify clinical factors linked to an increased risk of hypoglycemia among Japanese patients with T2D and treated with SGLT2 inhibitors.

Mortality and the Risk Factors in Elderly Female Patients With Femoral Neck and Trochanteric Fractures.

Background: The main purpose of this study is to exhaustively explore risk factors, including age, gender, and several clinical indices, for mortality in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture and to evaluate some of them using survival analyses.

Methods: This was a retrospective study tracking 1 year for vital prognosis. Data were collected at post-operation from medical records of the cases.

Timing of Surgery for Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures and Early Postoperative Results.

Pediatric supracondylar humerus fracture (PSHF) is one of the most common fractures of the elbow seen among boys aged between 5 and 7 years. The timing of surgical treatment for this type of fracture is still controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether the timing of surgery for PSHFs affects the incidence of early postoperative complications and reduction of PSHFs.

Effects of pharmacist intervention on polypharmacy in patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan.

Objective: Investigation of polypharmacy in patients with type 2 diabetes revealed that medications administered according to the patient's symptoms and complaints strongly contributed to polypharmacy. We explored the effects of clinical ward pharmacy service, which evaluated the need for symptomatic treatment, therefore minimizing polypharmacy by reducing inappropriate medications.

Results: The number of drugs (hospitalization vs.

Determination of factors affecting medication adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using a nationwide claim-based database in Japan.

Background: The extent of medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) several years after starting treatment with hypoglycemic agents remains unknown. Most previous work on medication adherence targeting this group of patients has been undertaken across a single year or is questionnaire based. This study aimed to determine medication adherence status and factors affecting adherence 3 years after initiation of hypoglycemic agents, using a nationwide medical claim-based database in Japan.

Polypharmacy and oral antidiabetic treatment for type 2 diabetes characterised by drug class and patient characteristics: A Japanese database analysis.

Polypharmacy (PP) occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) owing to multimorbidity. We evaluated concomitant PP and medication adherence in T2DM 3 years after initiation of administration of a hypoglycaemic agent using a nationwide claim-based database in Japan. Factors associated with medication PP and imperfect adherence were identified using multivariable logistic regression.

Investigating the risk of bone fractures in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.

Background: Elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experience fractures more frequently than elderly individuals without diabetes. Fractures requiring hospitalization greatly affect quality of life, and although elderly patients with T2DM have several risk factors associated with fractures, only a few studies have evaluated these in detail in the Asian population. We conducted a retrospective study of elderly patients with T2DM for evaluating factors associated with fracture risk.