Foam Rolling Intervention Improves Lactate Clearance After High-Intensity Exercise.

The acute effects of a foam rolling intervention on lactate clearance and the impaired executive function associated with fatigue after high-intensity exercise remain unclear. This study examined whether foam rolling is an effective tool for fatigue recovery. Eighteen healthy adults without consistent exercise habits participated in this study.

Blood-to-Testis Transport of Ribavirin Involves Carrier-Mediated Processes at the Blood-Testis Barrier.

Ribavirin, an antiretroviral agent targeting the hepatitis C virus, causes male reproductive toxicity. This study investigated the mechanism of ribavirin transport at the blood-testis barrier (BTB). In vivo mouse integration plot analysis after intravenous administration revealed that the net influx clearance of [H]ribavirin in the testis was 3.

Photoluminescent Layered Crystal Consisting of Anderson-Type Polyoxometalate and Surfactant toward a Potential Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Laser.

The hybridization of inorganic and organic components is a promising strategy to build functional materials. Among several functions, luminescence is an important function which should be considered for practical usage. Inorganic-organic hybrid luminescent materials have been investigated as phosphors, sensors, and lasers.

Phylogenetic, population structure, and population demographic analyses reveal that Vicia sepium in Japan is native and not introduced.

Vicia sepium (bush vetch) is a perennial legume widely distributed throughout the Eurasian continent. However, its distribution in Japan is limited to Mt. Ibuki and small parts of central and southern Hokkaido.

A redox-active inorganic crown ether based on a polyoxometalate capsule.

Cation-uptake has been long researched as an important topic in materials science. Herein we focus on a molecular crystal composed of a charge-neutral polyoxometalate (POM) capsule [MoFeO(HO)(CHCO)] encapsulating a Keggin-type phosphododecamolybdate anion [α-PMoO]. Cation-coupled electron-transfer reaction occurs by treating the molecular crystal in an aqueous solution containing CsCl and ascorbic acid as a reducing reagent.

Controlling the Redox Catalytic Activity of a Cyclic Selenide Fused to 18-Crown-6 by the Conformational Transition Induced by Coordination to an Alkali Metal Ion.

-3,4-Dihydroxyselenolane (DHS), a water-soluble cyclic selenide, exhibits selenoenzyme-like unique redox activities through reversible oxidation to the corresponding selenoxide. Previously, we demonstrated that DHS can be applied as an antioxidant against lipid peroxidation and a radioprotector by means of adequate modifications of the two hydroxy (OH) groups. Herein, we synthesized new DHS derivatives with a crown-ether ring fused to the OH groups (DHS-crown- ( = 4 to 7), -) and investigated their behaviors of complex formation with various alkali metal salts.

An Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Framework Composed of Polyoxotungstate and Long-Chained Bolaamphiphile.

Surfactants are functional molecules utilized in various situations. The self-assembling property of surfactants enables several molecular arrangements that can be employed to build up nanometer-sized architectures. This is beneficial in the construction of functional inorganic-organic hybrids holding the merits of both inorganic and organic components.

Functional characteristics of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine transport at the blood-testis barrier.

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), an antiretroviral drug, is often adopted in the therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and the characteristics of AZT transport at the blood-testis barrier (BTB) were investigated in this study. In the integration plot analysis that evaluates the transport activity in vivo, the apparent influx clearance of [H]AZT was significantly greater than that of [C]D-mannitol, a non-permeable paracellular transport marker. In the uptake study in vitro with TM4 cells derived from mouse Sertoli cells, [H]AZT uptake exhibited a time- and concentration-dependent manner, of which K and V values being 20.

Polyoxomolybdate Layered Crystals Constructed from a Heterocyclic Surfactant: Syntheses, Pseudopolymorphism and Introduction of Metal Cations.

Crystals with layered structures are crucial for the construction of functional materials exhibiting intercalation, ionic conductivity, or emission properties. Polyoxometalate crystals hybridized with surfactant cations have distinct layered packings due to the surfactants which can form lamellar structures. Introducing metal cations into such polyoxometalate-surfactant hybrid crystals is significant for the addition of specific functions.

Involvement of TauT/SLC6A6 in Taurine Transport at the Blood-Testis Barrier.

Taurine transport was investigated at the blood-testis barrier (BTB) formed by Sertoli cells. An integration plot analysis of mice showed the apparent influx permeability clearance of [H]taurine (27.7 μL/(min·g testis)), which was much higher than that of a non-permeable paracellular marker, suggesting blood-to-testis transport of taurine, which may involve a facilitative taurine transport system at the BTB.

Synthesis of 4-Selenothreofuranose Derivatives via Pummerer-Type Reactions of -3,4-Dioxygenated Tetrahydroselenophenes Mediated by a Selenonium Intermediate.

Selenosugars are interesting targets of organic synthesis as they would possess potential biological activities. However, 4-selenotherofuranose derivatives, which have trans configuration for the two dihydroxy substituents at the 2,3-positions and a glycoside bond at the anomeric position, are not available in the current selenosugar library. In this study, racemic 4-selenothreofuranose derivatives were synthesized from -3,4-dioxygenated tetrahydroselenophenes in 77-99% yields with the α/β selectivity about 7:3 via oxidation and subsequent seleno-Pummerer rearrangement.

Integrating molecular design and crystal engineering approaches in non-humidified intermediate-temperature proton conductors based on a Dawson-type polyoxometalate and poly(ethylene glycol) derivatives.

Anionic metal-oxygen clusters known as polyoxometalates (POMs) have been widely researched as components of proton conductors. While proton conduction under non-humidified intermediate-temperature (100-250 °C) conditions is advantageous from the viewpoint of kinetics, few solid-state materials, not to mention POM-based crystals, show truly effective proton conduction without the aid of water vapor. In this context, non-volatile proton-conductive polymers have been confined into POM-based frameworks, while fast proton conduction was infeasible.

Evolution-inspired design of multicolored photoswitches from a single cyanobacteriochrome scaffold.

Cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) are small, bistable linear tetrapyrrole (bilin)-binding light sensors which are typically found as modular components in multidomain cyanobacterial signaling proteins. The CBCR family has been categorized into many lineages that roughly correlate with their spectral diversity, but CBCRs possessing a conserved DXCF motif are found in multiple lineages. DXCF CBCRs typically possess two conserved Cys residues: a first Cys that remains ligated to the bilin chromophore and a second Cys found in the DXCF motif.

Predictors of recurrent febrile seizures during the same febrile illness in children with febrile seizures.

Febrile seizures (FS) are common in childhood. Of children who experience an FS, 14-24% experience recurrence within 24 h, during the same febrile illness (RFS). The aim of this pilot study was to identify the predictors of RFS among children who experience FS.

Efficacy of Brazilian Propolis Supplementation for Japanese Lactating Women for Atopic Sensitization and Nonspecific Symptoms in Their Offspring: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Propolis is a natural product collected from several plants by honeybees and mixed with beeswax and salivary enzymes. In animal models, propolis suppressed IgE-mediated allergies. However, there is no clinical evidence that propolis prevents human atopic sensitization, to the best of our knowledge.

Dimensional Control in Polyoxometalate Crystals Hybridized with Amphiphilic Polymerizable Ionic Liquids.

Ionic liquids are an important component for constructing functional materials, and polyxometalate cluster anion is a promising partner for building inorganic-organic hybrid materials comprising ionic liquids. In such hybrid materials, the precise control of the molecular arrangement in the bulk structures is crucial for the emergence of characteristic functions, which can be realized by introducing an amphiphilic moiety into the ionic liquids. Here, an amphiphilic polymerizable imidazolium ionic liquid with a methacryloyl group was firstly hybridized with polyoxometalate anions of octamolybdate ([MoO], Mo) and silicotungstate ([SiWO], SiW) to obtain inorganic-organic hybrid crystals.

Structural Basis and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations of INSR Mutations Causing Severe Insulin Resistance.

The insulin receptor () gene was analyzed in four patients with severe insulin resistance, revealing five novel mutations and a deletion that removed exon 2. A patient with Donohue syndrome (DS) had a novel p.V657F mutation in the second fibronectin type III domain (FnIII-2), which contains the α-β cleavage site and part of the insulin-binding site.

Polymerizable Ionic Liquid Crystals Comprising Polyoxometalate Clusters toward Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Solid Electrolytes.

Solid electrolytes are crucial materials for lithium-ion or fuel-cell battery technology due to their structural stability and easiness for handling. Emergence of high conductivity in solid electrolytes requires precise control of the composition and structure. A promising strategy toward highly-conductive solid electrolytes is employing a thermally-stable inorganic component and a structurally-flexible organic moiety to construct inorganic-organic hybrid materials.

Conductive Hybrid Crystal Composed from Polyoxomolybdate and Deprotonatable Ionic-Liquid Surfactant.

A polyoxomolybdate inorganic-organic hybrid crystal was synthesized with deprotonatable ionic-liquid surfactant. 1-dodecylimidazolium cation was employed for its synthesis. The hybrid crystal contained δ-type octamolybdate (Mo₈) isomer, and possessed alternate stacking of Mo₈ monolayers and interdigitated surfactant bilayers.

Decisive interactions between the heterocyclic moiety and the cluster observed in polyoxometalate-surfactant hybrid crystals.

Inorganic-organic hybrid crystals were successfully obtained as single crystals by using polyoxotungstate anion and cationic dodecylpyridazinium (C12pda) and dodecylpyridinium (C12py) surfactants. The decatungstate (W10) anion was used as the inorganic component, and the crystal structures were compared. In the crystal comprising C12pda (C12pda-W10), the heterocyclic moiety directly interacted with W10, which contributed to a build-up of the crystal structure.

Dual-emissive photoluminescent Langmuir-Blodgett films of decatungstoeuropate and an amphiphilic iridium complex.

Langmuir monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of the decatungstoeuropate [Eu(W(5)O(18))(2)](9-) (EuW(10)) and the amphiphilic Ir complex 1 have been successfully fabricated by using the adsorption properties of the EuW(10) polyanion dissolved in the aqueous subphase onto a positively charged 1 monolayer at the air-water interface. The compression isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) of monolayers of 1 on pure water (1 monolayer) and on a subphase containing 10(-6) M EuW(10) and 10(-3) M NaCl (1/EuW(10) monolayer) have been studied. Infrared and UV-vis spectroscopy of the transferred LB films indicate that EuW(10) and 1 molecules are incorporated within these LB films.

Clinical and genetic study of Japanese patients with type 3 Gaucher disease.

Information on the phenotypic variations seen in patients with type 3 (chronic neuronopathic) Gaucher disease (GD) is still limited compared with type 1 GD. We retrospectively investigated the clinical features of 42 Japanese patients with type 3 GD. The 42 patients classified as type 3 fell into two groups: those diagnosed as having type 3 GD at diagnosis (group A; n = 24) and those thought to have type 1 at diagnosis but who later developed neurological symptoms (group B; n = 18).

Self-organization of all-inorganic dodecatungstophosphate nanocrystallites.

The crystallinity and porosity of all-inorganic dodecatungstophosphate M3PW12O40 (M=Cs, NH4, Ag, denoted as MPW) particles are controlled by the changes in the synthetic temperatures and countercations. The MPW particles can be classified into three groups by the crystallinity and porosity: (i) mesoporous "disordered" aggregates, (ii) microporous "self-organized" aggregates, and (iii) nonporous single crystals. The formation and growth mechanism of MPW particles is expressed by three steps: formation of nanocrystallites, assembly of the nanocrystallites to form aggregates, and the growth of aggregates by the attachment of nanocrystallites.

Langmuir-Blodgett films of a Mo-blue nanoring [Mo(142)O(429)H(10)(H(2)O)(49)(CH(3)CO(2))(5)(CH(3)CH(2)CO(2))](30)(-) (Mo(142)) by the semiamphiphilic method.

Langmuir monolayers and LB films of the ring-shaped mixed-valence polyoxomolybdate [Mo142O429H10(H2O)49(CH3CO2)5(CH3CH2CO2)](30-) (Mo142) dissolved in the aqueous subphase have been successfully fabricated by using the adsorption properties of a DODA monolayer. Infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy of the LB films indicates that Mo142 and DODA molecules are incorporated within these LB films. X-ray reflectivity experiments indicate that the LB films exhibit a well-defined lamellar structure formed by bilayers of DODA molecules alternating with monolayers of Mo142.

Regular two-dimensional molecular array of photoluminescent Anderson-type polyoxometalate constructed by Langmuir-Blodgett technique.

A regular two-dimensional photoluminescent array of Anderson-type polyoxometalates (POMs) was constructed as built-up Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. LB films of hexatungstoantimonate (SbW(6)) and -manganate (MnW(6)) were successfully fabricated by using dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DODA) as cationic partner, while hexamolybdochromate (CrMo(6)) was unsuccessful. Specular X-ray reflectivity (SXR) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) measurements revealed that both SbW(6)/DODA and MnW(6)/DODA LB films exhibited well-ordered layers consisting of periodic arrangement of the planar-structured Anderson-type molecules.