Publications by authors named "Takero Shindo"
A 40-year-old man presented to our hospital with subacute progressive muscle weakness in the limbs and leukocytosis. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) complicated by peripheral motor neuron neuropathy (axonopathy). Serology test for anti-ganglioside GM2 IgG antibody was positive, whereas paraneoplastic syndrome-related and anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein antibodies were not detected.
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- Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the main treatment for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and is influenced by individual human leukocyte antigens (HLAs).
- A study analyzed data from 829 ATL patients who received transplants, identifying HLA-B62 as linked to lower mortality risk and HLA-B60 with higher mortality risk after transplantation.
- The findings suggest that specific HLAs can help predict treatment outcomes for ATL patients undergoing allo-HSCT, with potential implications for patient management.
Article Synopsis
- * A 71-year-old man diagnosed with splenic LAHS showed significant health issues, including extreme elevation of ferritin and soluble interleukin 2 receptor levels, leading to an elective splenectomy which revealed aggressive B-cell lymphoma.
- * Post-surgery, the patient received corticosteroid therapy and chemotherapy, resulting in a full recovery and remission of the lymphoma, emphasizing the importance of timely intervention and collaboration in treatment.
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- Donor T cell activation and migration are key steps in developing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after bone marrow transplantation, where the graft attacks the host's tissues.
- Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is an important part of the extracellular matrix that might influence immune responses, but its specific role in GVHD is not well understood.
- Using T1KO mice (which lack CS), researchers found that transplanting bone marrow from these mice led to less severe GVHD and reduced inflammatory responses compared to standard transplants, suggesting that lower levels of CS could help mitigate GVHD severity.
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- Cord blood transplantation (CBT) is a promising treatment for patients with blood cancers and can tolerate mismatches in HLA (human leukocyte antigen), which are vital for transplant compatibility.
- A study of 492 patients found that higher levels of HLA DRB1 mismatches were linked to better outcomes, such as lower relapse rates and improved disease-free survival, particularly for those in complete or partial remission.
- In contrast, while higher HLA class I mismatches were associated with increased risk of nonrelapse mortality for advanced stage patients, they did not show an advantage for preventing relapse, indicating the complexity of HLA mismatches' effects on transplant success.
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- - Tucidinostat, an oral HDAC inhibitor, was tested in a phase IIb study for its effectiveness and safety in treating relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma, with 55 patients enrolled between March 2017 and March 2019.
- - The study found an overall response rate of 46%, with significant responses in various PTCL subtypes, and a notable 88% response rate in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.
- - While some patients experienced adverse events like thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, most were manageable, suggesting tucidinostat could be a promising new option for treatment.
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- - Patients with pulmonary graft-versus-host disease (pGVHD) after stem cell transplants have a poor outlook, and the mechanisms behind this condition are not well understood, making current treatments less effective.
- - Analysis of lung samples from patients and a mouse model showed that pGVHD features include inflammation and immune cell accumulation, primarily B cells, T cells, and monocytes, indicating distinct inflammatory patterns.
- - Treatment with the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib showed promise in reducing inflammation and improving survival in the mouse model by suppressing specific immune pathways, suggesting dual pathway inhibition might be a new approach for managing pGVHD.
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- The study investigates how antibody-identified epitopes impact humoral alloimmunity in non-permissive HLA mismatching during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), using a large cohort of nearly 10,000 patients.
- It quantifies HLA eplet mismatches in donor-recipient pairs, finding varying degrees of mismatches in HLA class I and II, which correlate to patient outcomes.
- Specifically, HLA-C eplet mismatches in the graft-versus-host direction significantly increase the risk of severe acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), non-relapse mortality, and lower overall survival rates, underscoring the potential of HLA epitope matching to predict complications post-trans
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- - This research focuses on treating adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), which is aggressive and difficult to treat, using a tracer labeled with Indium-111 linked to mogamulizumab, aimed at visualizing CCR4-positive cells in the body through imaging techniques.
- - The study involved testing this tracer on specific cancer cell lines and mice to measure its effectiveness and how well it accumulates in tumors that express CCR4, compared to control cells.
- - Results showed that the tracer had a high purity level and significantly higher uptake in CCR4-expressing cells and tumor tissues than in non-expressing ones, indicating its potential for targeted imaging and treatment in ATL cases.
Article Synopsis
- * In 2019, she experienced an increase in lymphocytes linked to worsening hemolytic anemia, presenting specific positive markers indicating a B-cell neoplasm without further classification.
- * Despite treatment with ibrutinib, which improved her condition, she ultimately succumbed to a cerebral hemorrhage, highlighting the risks associated with ibrutinib use in patients with CAD.
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- Increased numbers of NK cells in TKI-treated chronic myeloid leukemia patients may lead to better prognoses, indicating their potential role in suppressing the disease.
- This study examines how variations in KIR3DL1 receptor alleles influence NK cell activity against CML cells and their response to the TKI dasatinib.
- Findings suggest that tailoring treatment strategies based on KIR3DL1 allotypes could enhance NK cell-based immunity against CML, especially with dasatinib's ability to activate these immune cells.
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- Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a serious complication that can occur after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, particularly in adults.
- A study was conducted with 30 patients (15 with TA-TMA and 15 without) to investigate the role of genetic variants and complement proteins in the development of TA-TMA.
- The findings revealed that high levels of the Ba protein on Day 7 post-transplant are a strong predictor of TA-TMA, while genetic variants related to complement did not significantly correlate with its development.
Article Synopsis
- Rapid immune recovery is essential for successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation without graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
- The study demonstrated that the MEK inhibitor trametinib reduced GVHD symptoms and supported the growth of a varied T-cell population in a humanized mouse model.
- In contrast to tacrolimus, which also lessened GVHD but led to a less diverse T-cell repertoire, trametinib promotes both GVHD suppression and diverse T-cell recovery, suggesting it may be a promising therapeutic strategy for human GVHD.
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- Acute basophilic leukemia (ABL) is a rare type of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and there's limited information about its biology.
- In a study of two ABL patients, flow cytometry identified two distinct cell populations: blasts and basophils, with notable genetic mutations like 17p deletion and TP53 loss in one patient.
- The analysis suggests that ABL shares mutational traits with AML, specifically mutations in TP53 and TET2, while also hinting that other mutations or epigenetic changes could influence the development of basophilic blasts.
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- Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) can occur after solid organ transplants and is difficult to diagnose, with unknown risk factors.
- A 59-year-old woman with autoimmune issues developed symptoms of GVHD after receiving a lung transplant from a much younger donor and showed mixed cell types in her bone marrow.
- Despite treatments, including steroid therapy, her condition worsened, leading to relapsing GVHD and eventually multiple organ failure, highlighting the significance of donor-recipient age difference and mixed chimerism in diagnosing GVHD.
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- Treatment-free remission (TFR) is a key goal for patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP), and the relationship between antitumor immunity and TFR is still not fully understood.
- A study of 76 patients, where 33 discontinued tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), found that 21 patients (63.6%) achieved TFR within a year, with factors like male sex and specific genetic polymorphisms influencing success rates.
- The findings indicate that while higher natural killer (NK) cell activation is linked to achieving deep molecular response (DMR), T-cell-mediated immunity plays a more significant role in achieving TFR among CML-CP patients.
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- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) in the upper gastrointestinal tract is uncommon, with this report detailing two adult cases: one involving the esophagus and another the stomach.
- In Case 1, a 61-year-old man showed signs of histiocytosis during an endoscopy for epigastric pain, while Case 2 involved a 56-year-old woman whose lesion was found during a follow-up after infection.
- Both cases exhibited specific cell characteristics upon biopsy and surprisingly revealed that the lesions vanished naturally without treatment, highlighting the need to correctly diagnose LCH to avoid mislabeling it as cancer.
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- The study investigates the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching and the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients who received liver transplants, emphasizing the importance of identifying risk factors prior to transplantation.
- Data from 1,759 cases were analyzed, revealing that 75% of those who developed GVHD had donor-dominant one-way HLA matching at the three key loci (HLA-A/B/DR), suggesting a significant correlation.
- The findings recommend avoiding donor-recipient pairings with this specific HLA matching to reduce the risk of GVHD, while also emphasizing that HLA genotypes should be confirmed at the allele level for better accuracy.
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- The lymphoma, diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), was linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation, showing symptoms like high fever and cytopenia.
- Discontinuing immunosuppressive medication like methotrexate and tacrolimus led to a significant improvement in his condition, highlighting the need for EBV screening in similar cases.