Publications by authors named "Takeo Uba"
Article Synopsis
- Proper glycemic control is important in critical care settings, as it can impact patient outcomes and is influenced by factors such as insulin secretion and glucose metabolism.
- Various perioperative drugs, particularly dexmedetomidine (DEX), are shown to suppress glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, but the mechanisms remain unclear.
- Research using pancreatic cell lines and primary cells indicates that DEX reduces insulin secretion without significantly altering other cellular processes, suggesting that it affects insulin signaling pathways and exocytosis mechanisms.
Article Synopsis
- Sevoflurane, an inhaled anesthetic commonly used in surgeries, has been shown to inhibit tumor growth, prompting investigation into its effects on human glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs).
- In experiments with high-grade patient-derived GSCs, sevoflurane did not increase cell apoptosis, proliferation, or sphere-forming ability after both short-term (4 days) and prolonged exposure (6 days).
- These findings indicate that sevoflurane does not exacerbate the growth of glioblastoma stem cells, providing reassurance for neurosurgeons and anesthesiologists regarding its use during surgery.
Article Synopsis
- Septic patients often need mechanical ventilation, and this study investigates the effects of a new ventilation strategy that allows for lower oxygen levels (permissive hypoxia) and avoids high oxygen levels (hyperoxia) on their outcomes.
- The study compared two groups of adult patients: those treated before the new ventilation policy and those treated after, focusing on factors like ICU mortality and the length of mechanical ventilation and ICU stays.
- Results showed that while the new strategy didn't lower ICU mortality, it did lead to significantly shorter durations of mechanical ventilation and ICU stays, suggesting potential benefits in terms of resource use and patient recovery.
Article Synopsis
- Cellular signaling involves biological gases like O, CO, NO, and HS, and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which help cells respond to low oxygen levels.
- * Polysulfides, generated from hydrogen sulfide (HS), have been shown to influence cellular processes but their role in HIF activation during hypoxia is not well understood.
- * This study demonstrates for the first time that polysulfides can regulate oxygen consumption and HIF activation in mammalian cells, affecting gene expression related to hypoxia in a manner dependent on VHL and mitochondria.
Background: Profound bradycardia caused by sugammadex has been reported, although its mechanism is unclear. Herein, we suggest a possible culprit for this phenomenon.
Case Presentation: A 50-year-old woman without comorbidity except mild obesity underwent a transabdominal hysterectomy and right salpingo-oophorectomy.
Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy is an uncommon form of heart failure that occurs in otherwise healthy women during pregnancy or until 5 months postpartum. Here, we report a rare case where a female patient underwent cesarean section after the occurrence of preeclampsia and intrauterine fetal death, and developed peripartum cardiomyopathy following postsurgical respiratory distress. The prompt initiation of inotropic drug and bromocriptine therapy quickly restored cardiac function.
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- Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a gaseous signaling molecule involved in multiple physiological functions, such as vascular relaxation, neurotransmission, inflammation regulation, and insulin signaling.
- Polysulfides, derived from HS in the presence of oxygen, can bind to sulfur atoms and impact cellular processes by activating ion channels and influencing calcium levels, as well as secreting insulin and managing blood pressure.
- This study found that certain polysulfide salts significantly inhibit glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic β-cell lines, and this inhibition is linked to the activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels.
Article Synopsis
- Proper glycemic control is vital in critical care, and while many anesthetics impact insulin secretion, the effects of propofol on glucose metabolism remain mostly unknown.
- This study investigates how propofol influences insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells under varying glucose levels and examines its effect on cellular energy metabolism and ion channels.
- Findings suggest that propofol enhances insulin secretion under low glucose conditions without altering energy metabolism or the expression of glucose transporters and important ion channels, indicating its potential role in managing glycemic control during anesthesia.
Article Synopsis
- The impact of anesthesia on cancer outcomes during surgeries, especially regarding recurrence and metastasis, is a hot topic in cancer treatment research.
- Isoflurane, a volatile anesthetic, has been linked to enhancing cancer traits in lab studies by inducing hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) that play a role in cancer progression.
- This study found that isoflurane treatment did not affect cancer cell growth or movement in renal cancer cells, indicating that HIF activity remains unchanged by isoflurane.
Article Synopsis
- Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) occurs when blood leaks into the alveoli due to damage in small blood vessels in the lungs, leading to serious hypoxemia and poor outcomes.
- In a case study, a 46-year-old woman with DAH related to systemic lupus erythematosus required mechanical ventilation, which was managed using airway pressure release ventilation (APRV).
- The treatment resulted in improved oxygenation, resolution of hemoptysis, and allowed for successful weaning from mechanical ventilation after 25 days, highlighting APRV's potential effectiveness in managing severe DAH-induced hypoxemia.
Article Synopsis
- Propofol, an intravenous anesthetic, is shown to suppress mitochondrial oxygen metabolism and induce cell death through reactive oxygen species (ROS).
- Research indicates that the transcription factor HIF-1 plays a crucial role in this process by regulating oxygen and energy metabolism in renal and neuronal cell lines, affecting their resistance to propofol toxicity.
- Treatment with HIFα-hydroxylase inhibitors promotes HIF-1 activation, which helps counteract the harmful effects of propofol, providing a potential pathway for improving cell resistance to its toxic impacts.
Article Synopsis
- A 33-year-old pregnant woman at 30 weeks of gestation experienced severe respiratory distress due to suspected interstitial pneumonia and deteriorated despite initial steroid treatment.
- After employing high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, she was diagnosed with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis complicating her condition.
- Following an emergency cesarean section, she received immunosuppressants and showed improvement after 7 days, highlighting the importance of early treatment and the effectiveness of HFNC oxygen therapy in managing respiratory issues without needing intubation.
Article Synopsis
- Propofol can lead to a severe complication known as propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) when used in high doses over extended periods, particularly affecting mitochondrial function.
- Research showed that high concentrations of propofol interfere with mitochondrial activity, causing a switch in energy production methods and increasing reactive oxygen species, ultimately leading to cell death.
- Genetic predispositions or certain medications that affect mitochondrial function can exacerbate the cell death caused by clinically relevant levels of propofol, highlighting the need for more research to understand the underlying mechanisms of PRIS.
Article Synopsis
- Previous research indicated a higher risk of mortality and increased need for kidney treatment in patients given hydroxyethyl starch (HES) compared to other fluids, prompting this study to examine its effect on postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in gastro surgery patients.
- The study analyzed data from a Japanese university hospital, including 66 AKI patients and 2,152 non-AKI patients, to determine the relationship between varying amounts of HES administered and the incidence of AKI.
- Findings showed no significant link between the amount of HES given and the occurrence of AKI in either the full-cohort or propensity-score analyses, suggesting HES administration does not increase AKI risk in this surgical context.
Background: The occurrence of spinal epidural hematomas associated with the use of epidural catheters is relatively rare. Furthermore, it is unusual for hematoma-associated neurological symptoms to occur within 15 min of removing a catheter. Here, we report our experience with an esophageal carcinoma surgical patient who developed an epidural hematoma almost immediately after catheter removal, resulting in paralysis of his lower extremities.
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