The impact of community engagement on belief conflicts arising during interdisciplinary collaboration among daycare rehabilitation professionals.

[Purpose] This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the quality of community coordination and belief conflicts that arise during interprofessional collaborations among rehabilitation professionals working in the long-term care insurance sector. [Participants and Methods] The participants were physical, occupational, and speech-language-hearing therapists from Gifu Prefecture, Japan. We examined the impact of medical care quality and welfare coordination on belief conflicts among daycare rehabilitation specialists.

Prognostic Impact of Primary Tumor Size in Thymic Epithelial Tumor: An NCDB-Based Study.

Background: Thymic epithelial tumor (TET) staging has been based on Masaoka-Koga systems or the 8th edition of the TNM classification, which do not use tumor size as a T descriptor. The 9th edition of the TNM classification incorporates tumor size; however, the study on which this classification is based included only 4.4% of patients from North America.

Klotho supplementation decreases blood pressure and albuminuria in mice with lupus nephritis.

Klotho deficiency is prevalent in various chronic kidney diseases. Although klotho is known to bind transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) receptor 1 to antagonize renal fibrosis, TGFβ also maintains regulatory T cells with inducing forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3). Female New Zealand Black/White F (NZBWF1) mice were divided into two groups (n = 10 for each): one group was treated with daily subcutaneous injection of klotho protein (30 μg/kg/day) for 8 weeks, and the other only received vehicle.

Impact of the distance of spread through air spaces in non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Spread through air spaces (STAS) is considered a poor prognostic factor in patients with resected non-small lung cell cancer; however, the clinical significance of STAS extent remains unclear. We hypothesized that the further the tumour cells spread from the tumour edge, the worse the prognosis becomes.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the data of 642 patients with completely resected pathological stage I-III non-small lung cell cancer between 2008 and 2018.

Significance of Targeted Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Using Rectal-culture Selective Screening Media Prior to Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To examine whether antimicrobial prophylaxis based on screening rectal cultures using selective media prevented acute bacterial prostatitis following transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB).

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 403 patients undergoing TRPB with low risks of infectious complications. Patients were randomized into a cultured group (CG) or no cultured group (NCG).

Is Sublobar Resection Feasible for High-Risk Pathologic Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?

Background: Sublobar resection is the standard procedure for cT1N0 stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) size ≤2 cm. However, its efficacy for high-risk pathologic stage I cases with a preoperative diagnosis of cT1N0 stage I NSCLC size ≤2 cm remains unclear. This study compared the outcomes of sublobar resection with those of lobectomy from a pathologic perspective.

Validity of High-Dose-Rate Interstitial Brachytherapy as Monotherapy for Mobile Tongue Cancer in Terms of the Acute Mucosal Reaction.

Background: The present study investigated the acute mucosal reaction (AMR) after high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy at 54 Gy/9 fractions (HDR54) as monotherapy administered twice a day for tongue cancer in 13 patients, and attempted to validate HDR54 by comparing the AMR with that of our previously reported HDR at 60 Gy/10 fractions (HDR60), and low-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy at approximately 70 Gy (LDR70).

Methods: The European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer/ Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scoring system with modifications (score: 1-4.5) was used to evaluate AMR.

Ophthalmic Artery Feeders in Meningioma Reduce the Effectiveness of Transarterial Embolization With n-Butyl Cyanoacrylate.

Background: N-butyl cyanoacrylate (n-BCA) is often used for preoperative transarterial embolization (TAE) of meningiomas. However, factors affecting the embolization effect with n-BCA remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the factors associated with the embolization rate after TAE using n-BCA in meningioma, from the aspect of feeder architecture.

Multidomain Intervention Trial for Preventing Cognitive Decline among Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: J-MIND-Diabetes.

Background: No multidomain intervention trials have been designed for the prevention of cognitive decline in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of a multidomain intervention in preventing cognitive decline in older adults with type 2 diabetes and cognitive impairment.

Design: Eighteen-month, multi-centered, randomized controlled trial.

A Three-Year Longitudinal Follow-Up Study: Does Mild Cognitive Impairment Accelerate Age-Related Changes in Physical Function and Body Composition?

Age-related declines in physical function, body composition, and cognitive function are interrelated. This prospective study aimed to examine the impact of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on age-related changes in physical function and body composition among community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed data from 180 older adults (aged ≥70 years) who completed a longitudinal assessment of physical function and body composition in the community.

Performance of ChatGPT 4.0 on Japan's National Physical Therapist Examination: A Comprehensive Analysis of Text and Visual Question Handling.

Introduction: ChatGPT 4.0, a large-scale language model (LLM) developed by OpenAI, has demonstrated the capability to pass Japan's national medical examination and other medical assessments. However, the impact of imaging-based questions and different question types on its performance has not been thoroughly examined.

DNA/RNA heteroduplex technology with cationic oligopeptide reduces class-related adverse effects of nucleic acid drugs.

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are a therapeutic modality for incurable diseases. However, systemic injection of gapmer-type ASOs causes class-related toxicities, including prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and thrombocytopenia. We previously reported that cholesterol-conjugated DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotides (Chol-HDOs) exhibit significantly enhanced gene-silencing effects compared to ASOs, even in the central nervous system, by crossing the blood-brain barrier.

Importance of Lifestyle Activities for Older Adults' Psychosomatic Functions After Driving Cessation: Interpretation by a Mixed-Methods Study.

Older adults who cease driving are more likely to experience psychosomatic decline than those who continue driving. This mixed-methods study was intended to examine differences in psychosomatic functions depending on driving status and lifestyle activities, and factors affecting engagement in additional lifestyle activities after driving cessation. The quantitative analysis included individuals aged 60 and above.

Association of Combined Low Physical Activity and Low Dietary Diversity with Mild Cognitive Impairment among Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential association between the combination of low physical activity and low dietary diversity with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older Japanese adults.

Methods: Data from 600 older adults (mean age, 74.1±6.

Role of Pathologic Single-Nodal and Multiple-Nodal Descriptors in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: The eighth edition of lung cancer nodal staging assignment includes the location of lymph node metastasis, but does not include single-nodal and multiple-nodal descriptors.

Research Question: Do the single-nodal and multiple-nodal statuses stratify the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)?

Study Design And Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, we analyzed patients with pathologically staged N1 and N2 NSCLC. Nodal descriptors were classified into pathological single N1 (pSingle-N1), pathological multiple N1 (pMulti-N1), pathological single N2 (pSingle-N2), and pathological multiple N2 (pMulti-N2).

A Case of Multiple Intracranial Hemorrhages due to a Ruptured Neoplastic Cerebral Aneurysm Secondary to Metastasis of Poorly Differentiated Parotid Gland Carcinoma.

Neoplastic cerebral aneurysms (NCAs) are rare. This study reported a case of an NCA secondary to a poorly differentiated carcinoma of the parotid gland. An 84-year-old Japanese woman undergoing treatment for parotid gland cancer was admitted to our hospital with headache and progressive loss of consciousness.

Clinical Significance of SIRPα Expression on Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Patients with Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is an immune checkpoint molecule expressed on macrophages that functions to inhibit phagocytosis by binding to CD47 expressed on tumor cells. SIRPα has attracted increasing attention as a novel target for cancer immunotherapy; however, the expression and immune function of SIRPα in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the clinical importance of SIRPα expression in LUSC and to explore the factors that elevate SIRPα expression.