Early Cryoablation After First Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation Reduces Arrhythmia Recurrence in Heart Failure Patients.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) often coexist, leading to increased mortality. A cryoballoon-based approach is a potential treatment for patients with HF because of its safety and efficacy.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the optimal timing of cryoballoon ablation after the first clinical diagnosis of AF and its prognosis for patients with HF.

Iatrogenic acute type A aortic dissection during catheter ablation for idiopathic ventricular premature contraction.

Acute aortic dissection type A during cardiac catheterization has been reported as a rare but fatal complication. We present a case of acute aortic dissection type A occurring during catheter manipulation in the ascending aorta during mapping of ventricular premature contraction via the retrograde approach. In the present case, transthoracic echocardiography showed no pericardial effusion and no flap of the aorta, but intracardiac echo clearly showed the flap.

Effects of smoking cessation on endothelial function as assessed by flow-mediated total dilation.

Background: In assessing the effects of smoking cessation on endothelial function, low-flow-mediated constriction (L-FMC) may provide complementary information to flow-mediated dilation (FMD). However, the value of flow-mediated total dilation (FMTD), an index that incorporates L-FMC into FMD, remains underreported. We aimed to evaluate the effect of smoking cessation on endothelial function, as assessed by FMD and FMTD, and clarify its associated clinical factors.

Bulky Alkyl Substituents Enhance the Photocatalytic Activity of Pyridine-Based Donor-Acceptor Molecules in the Direct Reductive Cleavage of the C-Br Bond of Aliphatic Bromides.

We report new pyridine-based donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules that enable the direct reductive transformation of a variety of secondary and tertiary aliphatic bromides. A series of experimental and theoretical results suggested that the D-A molecules promote direct C-Br bond cleavage triggered by the excitation of the complex between the catalyst and the aliphatic bromide and that the alkyl groups significantly contribute to the stabilization of the complex, which improves the efficiency of its excitation.

Comparing preprocessing strategies for 3D-Gene microarray data of extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs.

Background: Extracellular vesicle-derived (EV)-miRNAs have potential to serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of various diseases. miRNA microarrays are widely used to quantify circulating EV-miRNA levels, and the preprocessing of miRNA microarray data is critical for analytical accuracy and reliability. Thus, although microarray data have been used in various studies, the effects of preprocessing have not been studied for Toray's 3D-Gene chip, a widely used measurement method.

Serum C-reactive protein value on day 14 as a possible prognostic factor of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), as a reflection of early brain injury at onset, is a prognostic factor in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, in some severe cases, patients exhibit a good prognosis despite their elevated serum CRP level. Therefore, we examined the relationship between serum CRP transitions in the acute phase of aSAH and the prognosis.

UDP-Glucose/P2Y14 Receptor Signaling Exacerbates Neuronal Apoptosis After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe subtype of stroke with poor outcomes. Abnormal glucose metabolism often occurs after SAH, but the strict control of blood glucose levels is not always beneficial. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-G), an intermediate of glucose/glycogen metabolism, and its receptor P2Y14 (P2Y purinoceptor 14) to SAH pathology and explored the potential targeted treatments in rats.

Experience with Tandem Pre-Dilution Online Hemodiafiltration and Centrifugal Plasma Exchange in Pretransplant Desensitization for Abo-Incompatible Kidney Transplantation: A Case Report.

Background: In the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) as antibody removal therapy for ABO-incompatible (ABOi) kidney transplantation, it is technically possible to perform online hemodiafiltration (OHDF) and TPE simultaneously for patients who are receiving OHDF. In this study, we report tandem therapy of pre-dilution OHDF and centrifugal plasma exchange (cTPE), instead of membrane plasma exchange, which is the mainstay of TPE in Japan.

Methods: A total of 14 sessions of tandem cTPE and pre-dilution OHDF were performed as preoperative antibody removal therapy for 6 ABOi kidney transplant recipients.

Prediction of antibody production performance change in Chinese hamster ovary cells using morphological profiling.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent a significant segment of biopharmaceuticals, with the market for mAb therapeutics expected to reach $200 billion in 2021. Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are the industry standard for large-scale mAb production owing to their adaptability and genetic engineering capabilities. However, maintaining consistent product quality is challenging, primarily because of the inherent genetic instability of CHO cells.

Convexity Dural Arteriovenous Fistula without Cortical Venous Reflux Presenting with Pure Acute Subdural Hematoma.

Hemorrhagic changes in a dural arteriovenous fistula are typically associated with cortical venous reflux and occur as intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhages. A convexity dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) usually flows directly into the cortical veins and exhibits cortical venous reflux. Herein, we report a rare case of a convexity DAVF without cortical venous reflux presenting with a pure acute subdural hematoma.

Arteriovenous Fistula Closure Using a Simple Ligation Technique After Kidney Transplantation.

Backgrounds: There are advantages and disadvantages with closure of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) after kidney transplantation, but some cases require closure. The general procedure for closure is angioplasty with exposure of the anastomotic site, but this is often time-consuming and complicated. We have developed a simpler, less invasive, and shorter procedure for AVF closure, in which the anastomotic site itself is not peeled off and the outflow vein close to this site is ligated using 1-0 silk.

Japanese Study of the Effects of AMG (α1-Microglobulin) Reduction Rates on Survival (JAMREDS): A Protocol of a Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Introduction: Recent advances in dialysis therapy have made it possible to remove middle molecules. Removal of small-middle molecules, such as β2-microglobulin, can now be achieved with conventional hemodialysis (HD), and removal of large-middle molecules has become a target, particularly for α1-microglobulin (AMG, 33 kD). The AMG reduction rate has emerged as a target for improvement of various clinical symptoms, but the effects on prognosis have yet to be determined.

Inhalational Anesthesia Reduced Transient Neurological Events After Revascularization Surgery for Moyamoya Disease.

Background And Objectives: The choice between inhalational and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in revascularization surgery for Moyamoya disease (MMD) remains a topic of debate. Anesthesia methods have changed with the advent of new anesthetics. This study investigated whether modern anesthesia methods affected the development of neurological symptoms after revascularization surgery for MMD.

Erratum: Search for Cosmic-Ray Boosted Sub-GeV Dark Matter Using Recoil Protons at Super-Kamiokande [Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 031802 (2023)].

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.

Structure-activity relationship studies on vitamin D-based selective SREBP/SCAP inhibitor KK-052.

Vitamin D metabolites block lipid biosynthesis by promoting degradation of the complex of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) and SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) independent of their effects on the vitamin D receptor (VDR). We previously reported the development of KK-052, the first vitamin D-based SREBP inhibitor that mitigates hepatic lipid accumulation without VDR-mediated calcemic action in mice. Herein we extend our previous work to synthesize KK-052 analogues.

Electron Donor-Acceptor (EDA) Complex between a Triarylamine and B(CF) for the Photocatalytic Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling of Phenols.

In this article, an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between a triarylamine and B(CF) that catalyzes the dehydrogenative cross-coupling of phenols is described. We demonstrate, for the first time, that the use of both components of the radical ion pairs generated by the photoexcitation of the EDA complex as co-catalysts, and the triarylaminium radical cation (NAr) successfully promotes dehydrogenative cross-coupling between electron-rich phenols and 2-naphthols to provide electron-rich biphenol motifs using molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidant.

Reduced reactive hyperemia of the brachial artery in diabetic patients assessed by repeated measurements: The FMD-J B study.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause of microvascular dysfunction. However, its effect on blood flow patterns during ischemic demand has not been adequately elucidated. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that microvascular dysfunction in patients with T2DM manifests as brachial reactive hyperemia (BRH), defined as the ratio of peak blood flow velocities in a brachial artery before and after forearm cuff occlusion.

Synthesis of Chlorinated Oligopeptides via γ- and δ-Selective Hydrogen Atom Transfer Enabled by the -Chloropeptide Strategy.

The introduction of a chlorine atom could potentially endow peptide derivatives with notable bioactivity and applicability. However, despite considerable recent progress in C(sp)-H functionalization chemistry, a general method for the site-selective chlorination of inert aliphatic C-H bonds in peptides still remains elusive. Herein, we report a site-selective C(sp)-H chlorination of oligopeptides based on an -chloropeptide strategy.