Noninvasive Early Detection of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome of COVID-19 Inpatients Using a Piezoelectric Respiratory Rates Sensor.

In 2020, 20% of patients with COVID-19 developed severe complications, including life-threatening pneumonia with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We developed a preliminary SIRS monitor that does not require blood sampling, is noninvasive, and can collect data 24 h per day. The proposed monitor comprises a piezoelectric respiratory sensor located beneath the patient's mattress and a fingertip pulse sensor that determines ultra-high accuracy respiratory rate (mode of a 40-min frequency distribution of respiratory rates (M40FD-RR)).

Heart Rate Variability Measurement Can Be a Point-of-Care Sensing Tool for Screening Postpartum Depression: Differentiation from Adjustment Disorder.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious mental health issue among women after childbirth, and screening systems that incorporate questionnaires have been utilized to screen for PPD. These questionnaires are sensitive but less specific, and the additional use of objective measures could be helpful. The present study aimed to verify the usefulness of a measure of autonomic function, heart rate variability (HRV), which has been reported to be dysregulated in people with depression.

Pulse rate variability estimation method based on imaging-photoplethysmography and application to telepsychiatry.

The worldwide adoption of telehealth services may benefit people who otherwise would not be able to access mental health support. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm to obtain reliable pulse and respiration signals from non-contact facial image sequence analysis. The proposed algorithm involved a skin pixel extraction method in the image processing part and signal reconstruction using the spectral information of RGB signal in the signal processing part.

Major Depressive Disorder and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Show Characteristic Heart Rate Variability Profiles Reflecting Autonomic Dysregulations: Differentiation by Linear Discriminant Analysis.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have overlapping symptoms, and differentiation is important to administer the proper treatment. The present study aimed to assess the usefulness of heart rate variability (HRV) indices. Frequency-domain HRV indices, including high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) components, their sum (LF+HF), and their ratio (LF/HF), were measured in a three-behavioral-state paradigm composed of initial rest (Rest), task load (Task), and post-task rest (After) periods to examine autonomic regulation.

Screening for Major Depressive Disorder Using a Wearable Ultra-Short-Term HRV Monitor and Signal Quality Indices.

To encourage potential major depressive disorder (MDD) patients to attend diagnostic sessions, we developed a novel MDD screening system based on sleep-induced autonomic nervous responses. The proposed method only requires a wristwatch device to be worn for 24 h. We evaluated heart rate variability (HRV) via wrist photoplethysmography (PPG).

Remote sensing of vital signs by medical radar time-series signal using cardiac peak extraction and adaptive peak detection algorithm: Performance validation on healthy adults and application to neonatal monitoring at an NICU.

Background And Objective: Continuous monitoring of vital signs plays a pivotal role in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). In this paper, we present a system for monitoring fully non-contact medical radar-based vital signs to measure the respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), I:E ratio, and heart rate variability (HRV). In addition, we evaluated its performance in a physiological laboratory and examined its adaptability in an NICU.

An mHealth App for the Non-contact Measurement of Pulmonary Function Using the Smartphone's Built-in Depth Sensor.

The use of smartphones in clinical practice is referred to as mobile health (mHealth). This has attracted great interest in both academia and industry because of its potential to augment healthcare. In this study, we developed an mHealth app for the non-contact measurement of chest-wall movements using the iPhone ' s built-in depth sensor, thereby enabling a pulmonary self-monitoring function for personal use.

Development of a Novel Vital-Signs-Based Infection Screening Composite-Type Camera With Truncus Motion Removal Algorithm to Detect COVID-19 Within 10 Seconds and Its Clinical Validation.

To conduct a rapid preliminary COVID-19 screening prior to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test under clinical settings, including patient's body moving conditions in a non-contact manner, we developed a mobile and vital-signs-based infection screening composite-type camera (VISC-Camera) with truncus motion removal algorithm (TMRA) to screen for possibly infected patients. The VISC-Camera incorporates a stereo depth camera for respiratory rate (RR) determination, a red-green-blue (RGB) camera for heart rate (HR) estimation, and a thermal camera for body temperature (BT) measurement. In addition to the body motion removal algorithm based on the region of interest (ROI) tracking for RR, HR, and BT determination, we adopted TMRA for RR estimation.

Non-contact Measurement of Pulse Rate Variability Using a Webcam and Application to Mental Illness Screening System.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis. Mental health is critical in such uncertain situations, particularly when people are required to significantly restrict their movements and change their lifestyles. Under these conditions, many countries have turned to telemedicine to strengthen and expand mental health services.

Design and Evaluation of Digital Filters for Non-Contact Measuring of HRV using Medical Radar and Its Application in Bedside Patient Monitoring System.

A non-contact bedside monitoring system using medical radar is expected to be applied to clinical fields. Our previous studies have developed a monitoring system based on medical radar for measuring respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR). Heart rate variability (HRV), which is essentially implemented in advanced monitoring system, such as prognosis prediction, is a more challenging biological information than the RR and HR.

Non-contact heart rate variability monitoring using Doppler radars located beneath bed mattress: a case report.

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) has been investigated previously in autonomic nervous system-related clinical settings. In these settings, HRV is determined by the time-series heartbeat peak-to-peak intervals using electrocardiography (ECG). To reduce patient discomfort, we designed a Doppler radar-based autonomic nervous activity monitoring system (ANMS) that allows cardiopulmonary monitoring without using ECG electrodes or spirometry monitoring.

Return-to-Work Screening by Linear Discriminant Analysis of Heart Rate Variability Indices in Depressed Subjects.

Using a linear discriminant analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) indices, the present study sought to verify the usefulness of autonomic measurement in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients by assessing the feasibility of their return to work after sick leave. When reinstatement was scheduled, patients' HRV was measured using a wearable electrocardiogram device. The outcome of the reinstatement was evaluated at one month after returning to work.

Development of a Novel Web Camera-Based Contact-Free Major Depressive Disorder Screening System Using Autonomic Nervous Responses Induced by a Mental Task and Its Clinical Application.

Background: To increase the consultation rate of potential major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, we developed a contact-type fingertip photoplethysmography-based MDD screening system. With the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, we developed an alternative to contact-type fingertip photoplethysmography: a novel web camera-based contact-free MDD screening system (WCF-MSS) for non-contact measurement of autonomic transient responses induced by a mental task.

Methods: The WCF-MSS measures time-series interbeat intervals (IBI) by monitoring color tone changes in the facial region of interest induced by arterial pulsation using a web camera (1920 × 1080 pixels, 30 frames/s).

A Non-contact Spirometer with Time-of-Flight Sensor for Assessment of Pulmonary Function.

Assessment of pulmonary function is vital for early detection of chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in home healthcare. However, monitoring of pulmonary function is often omitted owing to the heavy burden that the use of specific medical devices places on the patients. In this study, we developed a non-contact spirometer using a time-of-flight sensor that measures very small displacements caused by chest wall motion during breathing.

Development and Clinical Application of a Novel Non-contact Early Airflow Limitation Screening System Using an Infrared Time-of-Flight Depth Image Sensor.

Obstructive pulmonary diseases, such as diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and asthma COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) trigger a severe reaction at some situations. Detecting early airflow limitation caused by diseases above is critical to stop the progression. Thus, there is a need for tools to enable self-screening of early airflow limitation at home.

Changes in Heart Rate Variability after Yoga are Dependent on Heart Rate Variability at Baseline and during Yoga: A Study Showing Autonomic Normalization Effect in Yoga-Naïve and Experienced Subjects.

Background: Yoga therapy is widely applied to the maintenance of health and to treatment of various illnesses. Previous researches indicate the involvement of autonomic control in its effects, although the general agreement has not been reached regarding the acute modulation of autonomic function.

Aim: The present study aimed at revealing the acute effect of yoga on the autonomic activity using heart rate variability (HRV) measurement.

Usefulness of heart rate variability indices in assessing the risk of an unsuccessful return to work after sick leave in depressed patients.

Aim: The present study aimed to examine whether heart rate variability (HRV) indices in depressed patients measured at return to work after sick leave are related to the outcome of reinstatement.

Methods: This study included 30 workers who took a leave of absence due to major depressive disorder. HRV was measured twice, once when participants left work and another when they returned to work.

Contactless Vital Signs Measurement System Using RGB-Thermal Image Sensors and Its Clinical Screening Test on Patients with Seasonal Influenza.

In the last two decades, infrared thermography (IRT) has been applied in quarantine stations for the screening of patients with suspected infectious disease. However, the fever-based screening procedure employing IRT suffers from low sensitivity, because monitoring body temperature alone is insufficient for detecting infected patients. To overcome the drawbacks of fever-based screening, this study aims to develop and evaluate a multiple vital sign (i.

Development of a low-cost, portable, pediatric infection screening system using simultaneous measurement of multiple vital signs.

The primary cause of death among children under age 5 years is acute respiratory infection, such as pneumonia. Detection of infection at the earliest point of contagion is necessary, to reduce morbidity and prevent infectious disease epidemics; therefore, identifying abnormal vital signs is essential. For early detection of pediatric infections, we developed a low-cost, portable, rapid screening system of pediatric infection.

Infection Screening System Using Thermography and CCD Camera with Good Stability and Swiftness for Non-contact Vital-Signs Measurement by Feature Matching and MUSIC Algorithm.

Screening systems for infectious diseases based on fever have been implemented at international airports to prevent the spread of infection for over a decade. Currently, only Infrared Thermography (IRT) is used for screening and measuring facial skin temperature, which is one of clinical indicators of potential infection. Aiming at higher accuracy in screening, our group adopted heart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR) for the first time as the new screening parameters.