Clinical expert consensus document on bailout algorithms for complications in percutaneous coronary intervention from the Japanese Association of Cardiovascular Intervention and Therapeutics.

The efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary artery disease has been established, and approximately 250,000 PCI procedures are performed annually in Japan. However, various complications including life-threatening complications can occur during PCI. Although several bailout procedures have been proposed to address complications during PCI, it is critically important for operators to manage each complication in real catheter rooms with confidence even in emergent situations.

An Uncommon Cause of Syncope and Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus: Speech-Induced Atrial Tachycardia.

An 83-year-old, previously healthy woman experienced frequent episodes of syncope following conversations. Speech-induced atrial tachycardia complicated by left atrial appendage thrombus was diagnosed as a potential etiology. She was successfully treated via catheter ablation.

Relationship between fundus sex index obtained using color fundus parameters and body height or axial length in the Kumejima population.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the fundus sex index obtained from fundus photographs and body height or axial length in the Kumejima population.

Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional observational population study.

Methods: Using color fundus photographs obtained from the Kumejima population, 1,653 healthy right eyes with reliable fundus parameter measurements were included in this study.

Longitudinal changes of funduscopic optic disc size, color and cup-to-disc ratio in school children.

Background: To investigate the relationship between changes in the optic disc size and color, cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio, and axial elongation in schoolchildren.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed in 75 right eyes of elementary school students for six years (from 8.5 to 14.

Age prediction using fundus parameters of normal eyes from the Kumejima population study.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence can predict the age of an individual using color fundus photographs (CFPs). This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of age prediction in the Kumejima study using fundus parameters and to clarify age-related changes in the fundus.

Methods: We used nonmydriatic CFPs obtained from the Kumejima population study, including 1,646 right eyes of healthy participants with reliable fundus parameter measurements.

Predicting central choroidal thickness from colour fundus photographs using deep learning.

The estimation of central choroidal thickness from colour fundus images can improve disease detection. We developed a deep learning method to estimate central choroidal thickness from colour fundus images at a single institution, using independent datasets from other institutions for validation. A total of 2,548 images from patients who underwent same-day optical coherence tomography examination and colour fundus imaging at the outpatient clinic of Jichi Medical University Hospital were retrospectively analysed.

Three-year changes in sex judgment using color fundus parameters in elementary school students.

Purpose: In a previous cross-sectional study, we reported that the sexes can be distinguished using known factors obtained from color fundus photography (CFP). However, it is not clear how sex differences in fundus parameters appear across the human lifespan. Therefore, we conducted a cohort study to investigate sex determination based on fundus parameters in elementary school students.

Quantification of peripapillary nerve fibre elevation and its association with axial length, optic disc tilt, and parapapillary atrophy area in young, healthy eyes.

Background: Eyes with peripapillary nerve fibre elevation (pNFE) may have a gap between the optic nerve papillary margin on colour fundus photography and Bruch's membrane opening on cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT). This study was conducted to evaluate the quantification of the height of pNFE in young healthy eyes and examine the relationship between pNFE height and axial length.

Methods: A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was performed involving 117 right eyes.

Effect of the macular shape on hole findings in idiopathic macular hole differs depending on the stage of the macular hole.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between macular shape and idiopathic macular hole (MH) findings using an objective method. We present retrospective observational case series on patients with MH. The shape of the macular area was quantified using quadratic equations, and the ocular shape (OS) index was calculated.

Interaction of impaired myocardial flow reserve and extent of myocardial ischemia assessed using N-ammonia positron emission tomography imaging on adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Background: Myocardial flow reserve (MFR) and the extent of myocardial ischemia identify patients at high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Associations between positron emission tomography (PET)-assessed extent of ischemia, MFR, and MACEs is unclear.

Method: Overall, 640 consecutive patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease undergoing N-ammonia myocardial perfusion PET were followed-up for MACEs.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency medical system and management strategies in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

The global coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is associated with reduced rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, there were a few data showing how emergency medical system (EMS) and management strategies for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) changed during the pandemic. We sought to clarify changes on characteristics, treatments, and in-hospital mortality of patients with ACS transported via EMS between pre- and post-pandemic.

Sex determination using color fundus parameters in older adults of Kumejima population study.

Purpose: Deep learning artificial intelligence can determine the sex using only fundus photographs. However, the factors used by deep learning to determine the sex are not visible. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine whether the sex of an older individual can be determined by regression analysis of their color fundus photographs (CFPs).

Success Rate of Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Biometry of Eyes of Elementary School Students.

Purpose: To determine the success rate of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometry (OA-2000) in elementary school students.

Methods: This was a prospective observational longitudinal study of 115 right eyes of elementary school students who were 8- to 9-years-old at the initial examination. Biometric measurements of the eyes were performed annually for three years, viz.

Quantification of Anterior Chamber Particles Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in Angle-Closure Glaucoma Patients after Laser Iridotomy.

Purpose: To determine whether the degree of particle density in the anterior chamber can be evaluated objectively and quantitatively by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in cases after laser iridotomy (LI). Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. All of the subjects who received LI for angle-closure glaucoma between January 2018 and May 2019 at Kagoshima University Hospital were studied.

OCULAR FACTORS RELATED TO PREOPERATIVE ENLARGEMENT OF IDIOPATHIC MACULAR HOLE DIAMETER.

Purpose: To determine the preoperative factors that are significantly correlated with an enlargement of an idiopathic macular hole (MH) during the one-month preoperative period.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with MH who had undergone vitrectomy in the Kagoshima University Hospital. The stage of the MH was determined by using spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Characteristics of pigmentary glaucoma in Japanese individuals.

Purpose: Myopia is a known risk factor of pigmentary glaucoma (PG), and the increased prevalence of myopia in Asian countries indicates that more cases of PG will likely develop soon. However, there are no diagnostic criteria for PG for Asians. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of PG in Japanese individuals and establish three diagnostic signs for PG.

Sex Differences in Rate of Axial Elongation and Ocular Biometrics in Elementary School Students.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between the ocular biometrics and axial length (AL) elongation and its rate in elementary school children.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study of 102 right eyes of third-grade elementary school students who were 8 to 9 years old. All participants underwent measurements of the AL, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens thickness (LT) annually for 3 years.

Kounis Syndrome: Kill Two Birds With One Stone.

A 59-year-old man with a 95% stenosis in his diagonal branch and no stenosis in the right coronary artery (RCA) or left circumflex artery was scheduled for PCI. After exhibiting symptoms consistent with type I Kounis syndrome (KS), nitroglycerin was administered. While giving him intravenous epinephrine to maintain his hemodynamics, the ST level recovered, and he became fully conscious.

Prognostic value of modified coronary flow capacity by N-ammonia myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography in patients without obstructive coronary arteries.

Background: Vasodilator capacity of coronary circulation is an important diagnostic and prognostic tool in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to clarify the incidence of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), defined as impaired modified coronary flow capacity (mCFC) proposed by Johnson and Gould and measured by N-ammonia myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography (PET), in patients without obstructive CAD and to evaluate the risk of future cardiovascular events.

Methods: This retrospective study recruited 407 consecutive CAD-suspected patients who underwent both pharmacological stress/rest N-ammonia PET and coronary angiography.

The Relationship Between Optic Disc and Retinal Artery Position and Glaucomatous Visual Field Progression.

Purpose: To investigate whether retinal structural parameters, including positions of the optic disc and major retinal arteries, affect glaucomatous progression of the visual field (VF).

Methods: In this cohort study, 116 eyes of 73 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) were included. VFs were measured using the Humphrey Field Analyzer 24-2 program and the VF was divided into seven sectors according to the corresponding optic disc angle.

Comparisons between retinal vessel calibers and various optic disc morphologic parameters with different optic disc appearances: The Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study.

The Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study (GSAS) is a multicenter collaborative study of the characteristics of glaucomatous optic disc morphology using a stereo fundus camera. This study evaluated the retinal vessel calibers and correlations using GSAS fundus photographs between retinal vessels and 38 optic nerve head (ONH) morphologic parameters comprehensively. In all 240 eyes, the mean central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) were 138.