Evaluation of Mucosal Healing in Ulcerative Colitis by Fecal Calprotectin Vs. Fecal Immunochemical Test.

Objectives: We previously showed that a quantitative fecal immunochemical test (FIT) can predict mucosal healing (MH) in ulcerative colitis (UC). Fecal calprotectin (Fcal) has also been reported as an important biomarker of UC activity. The aim of this study was to compare the predictive ability of these two fecal markers for MH in UC.

[Pathological complete response in a case of advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy].

A 6 2-year-old man with advanced gastric cancer was referred to our hospital. A gastroscopy revealed a type 3 tumor invading the esophagus in the lesser curvature of the stomach cardia. We diagnosed the tumor as cStageIIIB(T4bN1M0) gastric cancer.

Magnified endoscopic features of duodenal follicular lymphoma and other whitish lesions.

The sensitivity and specificity of magnified endoscopic features for differentiating follicular lymphoma from other diseases with duodenal whitish lesions have never been investigated. Here we compared the magnified endoscopic features of duodenal follicular lymphoma with those of other whitish lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the cases of patients with follicular lymphoma (n＝9), lymphangiectasia (n＝7), adenoma (n＝10), duodenitis (n＝4), erosion (n＝1), lymphangioma (n＝1), and hyperplastic polyp (n＝1).

A case of carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation with a rapidly lethal course.

A 55-year-old woman underwent a total thyroidectomy for carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE). The patient was referred to our hospital after the tumor was found to have directly invaded the cervical esophagus and the entire circumference of the trachea. A total thyroidectomy was performed, followed by end-to-end anastomosis of the trachea, suprahyoid release and dissection of bilateral pulmonary ligaments.

Anti-IL-12/23 p40 antibody attenuates experimental chronic graft-versus-host disease via suppression of IFN-γ/IL-17-producing cells.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major cause of late death and morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Recently, in addition to Th2 cells, Th1 and Th17 cells have been shown to contribute to chronic GVHD progression. IL-12 induces Th1 cells and IL-23 plays a role in stabilizing and/or amplifying Th17 cells, as well as in inducing IFN-γ/IL-17 double-producing cells.

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome showing elevated levels of antinuclear and anticentromere antibody.

A 56-year-old female initially visited an otorhinolaryngologist because of an impaired sense of taste in September, 2010 and was referred to our facility in October, 2010. She was diagnosed with Basedow's disease for which she underwent subtotal thyroidectomy in 1984 and arthritis involving multiple joints, primarily affecting her hands. In addition, the anticentromere antibody (ACA) level was markedly high.

Establishment of a Langerhans cell histiocytosis lesion cell line with dermal dendritic cell characteristics.

A cell line named PRU-1, derived from a Langerhans cell (LC) histiocytosis (LCH) skull lesion of a 7-year-old boy, was established and characterized. PRU-1 is an adherent spindle-shaped cell line that shows no Birbeck granules on electron microscopy. Flow cytometric analysis of cells collected from the early seventh passage showed no LC phenotypes of CD1a and S100 protein.

Prompt resolution of hypoglycemia by hepatic transarterial embolization for malignant insulinoma with multiple liver metastases.

A 45-year-old female who presented with loss of consciousness and a cold sweat was found to have a pancreatic tumor and multiple liver metastases. Laboratory studies showed marked hypoglycemia and inappropriately elevated serum insulin, C-peptide, and serum tumor markers. Fine needle aspiration revealed Grade 3 small-cell type primary pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Prospective evaluation of endoscopic criteria characteristic of sessile serrated adenomas/polyps.

Background: Differentiating sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P) from hyperplastic polyp (HP) is clinically important in determining the necessity of endoscopic resection or recommending appropriate surveillance. There are few reports of characterization of SSA/P using narrowband imaging and chromoendoscopy with and without magnification. We aimed to establish imaging criteria to aid real-time diagnosis of SSA/P.

Programmed death-1 pathway in host tissues ameliorates Th17/Th1-mediated experimental chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major cause of late death and morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the role of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway in chronic GVHD using a well-defined mouse model of B10.D2 (H-2(d)) donor to BALB/c (H-2(d)) recipients.

Primary tracheal malignant lymphoma detected during a regular checkup in an asbestos dust-exposed smoker.

Primary tracheal malignant lymphoma is a rare disease; only 30 cases have been reported to date. A 73-year-old Japanese man with a history of asbestos exposure was undergoing biannual chest computed tomography (CT) twice a year as a routine procedure for those previously exposed to asbestos. He had been smoking since the age of 32.

Indications for colonoscopy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background/aims: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic autoimmune disorder that sometimes involves the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with colorectal involvement, and to provide criteria for colonoscopy.

Methodology: Among 288 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 29 patients underwent colonoscopy.

Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors permit regulatory T cell reconstitution and inhibit experimental chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a major late complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). In a previous study, impaired thymic negative selection of the recipients permitted the emergence of pathogenic T cells that cause chronic GVHD using MHC class II-deficient (H2-Ab1 KO) B6 into C3H model and CD4(+) T cells isolated from chronic GVHD mice caused chronic GVHD when administered into the secondary recipients. In this study, we evaluated the kinetics of regulatory T cell (Treg) reconstitution in wild type B6 into C3H model.

Detection of T-cell receptor γ gene rearrangement in paraffin-embedded T or natural killer/T-cell lymphoma samples using the BIOMED-2 protocol.

While the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based clonality analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue has recently become widespread, the detection sensitivity for lymphoma subtypes using FFPE samples is not well known. Here, we analyzed T-cell receptor γ chain (TCRG) gene rearrangement clonality in 100 cases of T- or natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma and examined detection sensitivity according to lymphoma subtype. Clonality was detected in approximately 80% of the major T-cell lymphoma subtypes: peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, 84% (21/25 cases); angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, 71% (15/21 cases); and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, 80% (8/10 cases).

De novo CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas show high specificity for cyclin D2 expression.

Unlabelled: D cyclins positively regulate the cell cycle and mediate the pathogenesis of some lymphomas. Cyclin D1 overexpression is the hallmark of mantle cell lymphoma, whereas cyclins D2 and D3 are reportedly not as specific to certain lymphomas as cyclin D1. In this study, cyclin D2 was found to be overexpressed in 98% of de novo CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) (50/51) and in 28% of CD5-negative DLBCLs (14/51).

CD14 upregulation as a distinct feature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Aim: To investigate the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: A cohort of 82 patients who underwent PD at Okayama University Hospital between 2003 and 2009 was enrolled and the clinicopathological features were compared between patients with and without NAFLD after PD. Computed tomography (CT) images were evaluated every 6 mo after PD for follow-up.

Loss of runt-related transcription factor 3 induces gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer.

Background & Aim: Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a tumor suppressor gene that is expressed in gastric and other cancers including pancreatic cancer. However, the precise function of RUNX3 in pancreatic cancer has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of decreased RUNX3 expression in pancreatic cancer.

Clinicopathological correlation for the role of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography in detection of choroidal malignant melanoma.

Background: The purpose of this study was to redefine the role of whole-body 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography fused with computed tomography (PET/CT) in the clinical diagnosis of choroidal malignant melanoma.

Methods: The study design was a retrospective case series involving 7 consecutive patients with choroidal malignant melanoma who underwent enucleation to reach the final pathological diagnosis. FDG-PET/CT was performed together with magnetic resonance imaging and ophthalmological examinations before the surgery.

The discordance between primary breast cancer lesions and pulmonary metastatic lesions in expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-positive cancer cells.

Background: We evaluated the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) between primary breast lesions and pulmonary metastatic (PM) lesions in breast cancer patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological features and the expression statuses of ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 and ALDH-1 in both primary and metastatic breast cancer lesions and evaluated the discordance rates in the expressions of these markers between the primary and metastatic lesions, and also the prognostic value of these factors.

Results: None of the PM patients had metastases at any other sites, and all had undergone curative breast cancer surgery.

Breast cancer subtype and distant recurrence after ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence.

Background: There is little information about the impact of breast cancer subtype on prognosis after ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR).

Methods: One hundred eighty-five patients were classified according to breast cancer subtype, as approximated by estrogen receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67, of IBTR, and we evaluated whether breast cancer subtype was associated with distant recurrence after IBTR.

Results: There was a significant difference in distant disease-free survival (DDFS) after IBTR according to breast cancer subtype defined by a cutoff of the Ki-67 index of 20 % (p = 0.

Clinicopathological characteristics of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive Barrett's adenocarcinoma.

Aim: To compare the clinicopathological characteristics of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive and HER2-negative Barrett's adenocarcinoma in Japan.

Methods: We performed immunohistochemical analysis of HER2 in 30 samples taken from patients with Barrett's adenocarcinoma and dual color in situ hybridization in cases showing 2+ reactions. We compared the clinicopathological characteristics of HER2-positive and HER2-negative patients.

Elevated coagulation factor VIII plasma activity in a patient with lymphangiosarcoma.

A 72-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for palliative care. Fifteen years earlier, she had undergone total hysterectomy and radiotherapy for cervical cancer. One year before her referral, she visited a hospital due to a gait disturbance and was diagnosed with lymphangiosarcoma.

Germinal center B-cell-like versus non-germinal center B-cell-like as important prognostic factor for localized nodal DLBCL.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Although many investigations have been performed on the prognostic factors of DLBCL, no reports have focused on localized nodal DLBCL. We examined the prognostic significance of 39 Japanese patients with localized nodal DLBCL with special reference to the germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) versus non-germinal center B-cell-like (NGCB) types.

A prospective analysis of efficacy and long-term outcome of radiation therapy for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

Background/aims: Few studies exist on the efficacy and long-term outcome of radiation therapy (RT) for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

Methods: Twenty-two patients with stage I or stage II(1) disease were prospectively evaluated, including 14 patients without Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection and 8 patients with persistent lymphoma after H.