Publications by authors named "Takehiko Shigenaga"
Tension pneumomediastinum with hemodynamic failure is a rare but life-threatening condition. Rapid decompression of the mediastinum by drainage is essential to save the patient's life. This report presents a case of tension pneumomediastinum that developed during conservative management of a pneumomediastinum associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Randomized Phase 2 Study of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride and Sodium Ferrous Citrate for the Prevention of Nephrotoxicity Induced by Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy of Lung Cancer.
Oncology
December 2022
Introduction: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy was established in the 1980s, and it has been improved by the development of a short hydration protocol in lung cancer therapy. However, cisplatin-based chemotherapy is still associated with renal toxicity. Because 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) with sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) is known to be a mitochondrial activator and a heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducer, 5-ALA with SFC is speculated to mitigate cisplatin-induced renal inflammation.
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- This study aimed to determine the effect of long-term clarithromycin therapy on preventing pneumonia in older adults who had recently recovered from the illness.
- A randomized, controlled trial was conducted with participants aged 65+ years, comparing a low-dose clarithromycin group to a control group.
- Results showed no significant differences in pneumonia recurrence rates or time to recurrence between the two groups, suggesting that further large-scale studies are needed to explore this treatment option.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between visceral fat accumulation (VFA) and insulin resistance as potential risk factors for asthma in patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan.
- It compares two groups: 15 patients with type 2 diabetes and asthma, and 145 patients with type 2 diabetes without asthma, measuring various health indicators including VFA and glucose levels.
- Results indicate that higher VFA and insulin resistance are significantly associated with the presence of asthma in these patients, suggesting a link between obesity and respiratory issues in type 2 diabetes.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic disease characterized by necrotizing, granulomatous vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tracts and glomerulonephritis, and is classified as a classical or limited form. The classical form of GPA demonstrates the involvement of the upper respiratory tract, sinuses, lungs and kidneys, whereas the limited form is characterized by the lack of the renal involvement with female predominance. On the other hand, mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) shows the clinical and laboratorial features of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and polymyositis, along with high titers of anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies and is characterized by good response to corticosteroid therapy and favorable prognosis.
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- Nocardiosis is hard to diagnose, often leading to delays; the study focused on examining HRCT findings in patients with pulmonary nocardiosis.
- This retrospective study analyzed 18 patients treated from 2011 to 2014, revealing common underlying conditions such as respiratory issues and diabetes; most patients showed distinct HRCT abnormalities.
- Key findings suggest that HRCT results, like the presence of nodules/masses with interlobular septal thickening or cavitation, can indicate pulmonary nocardiosis in patients with pneumonia.
Exophiala dermatitidis pneumonia is extremely rare. Here we report a case of E. dermatitidis pneumonia successfully treated with long-term itraconazole therapy.
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- * Results showed no significant differences in diagnostic quality between the two scan types, with high agreement rates among five physicians reviewing the images.
- * The study concludes that low-dose CT can effectively replace standard diagnostic CT, offering a safer option with significantly lower radiation doses (1.3-3.4 mSv vs. 8.5-14.0 mSv).
Recent studies have strengthened the concept that bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis are manifestations of an inflammatory process within a continuous airway. This study was performed to compare clinical findings in asthma with or without rhinitis in Japan. Nasal symptoms were present in 99.
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- TARC (Thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine) is a chemokine that attracts Th2 cells, which play a role in immune responses, particularly in eosinophilic pneumonia.
- In a study, TARC levels were found to be significantly higher in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of eosinophilic pneumonia patients compared to those with other lung diseases or healthy controls.
- There was a strong correlation between TARC levels and Th2 cytokines like IL-5 and IL-13, suggesting that TARC may actively recruit these cells to the lungs, indicating its involvement in the development of eosinophilic pneumonia.