Clinical characteristics of older patients with suspected or diagnosed dementia during hospitalization.

Aim: In Japan, an additional system for patients with suspected or diagnosed dementia during hospitalization for physical illness began in 2016. We examined the clinical characteristics of older patients with suspected or diagnosed dementia during hospitalization.

Methods: The study participants consisted of 569 patients.

Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for the Prevention of Dementia: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: We examined the efficacy of a multidomain intervention in preventing cognitive decline among Japanese older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Participants aged 65-85 years with MCI were randomized into intervention (management of vascular risk factors, exercise, nutritional counseling, and cognitive training) and control groups. The primary outcome was changes in the cognitive composite score over a period of 18 months.

Characteristics of Changes in Caregiver Burden during Follow-up at a Memory Clinic: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Because dementia is a long-term condition, the appropriate involvement of health-care professionals is considered important. However, little is known about the factors associated with changes in family caregiver burden.

Objective: To clarify changes in family caregiver burden and associated factors during follow-up at a memory clinic.

Evaluating the State of Glomerular Disease by Analyzing Urinary Sediments: mRNA Levels and Immunofluorescence Staining for Various Markers.

Renal biopsy is the gold standard for making the final diagnosis and for predicting the progression of renal disease, but monitoring disease status by performing biopsies repeatedly is impossible because it is an invasive procedure. Urine tests are non-invasive and may reflect the general condition of the whole kidney better than renal biopsy results. We therefore investigated the diagnostic value of extensive urinary sediment analysis by immunofluorescence staining for markers expressed on kidney-derived cells (cytokeratin: marker for tubular epithelial cells, synaptopodin: marker for podocytes, claudin1: marker for parietal epithelial cells, CD68: marker for macrophages (MΦ), neutrophil elastase: marker for neutrophils).

EFFECTS OF REHABILITATION PROGRAM FOCUSED ON IMPROVING REAL-LIFE DAILY ACTIVITIES OF PATIENTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS OR DEMENTIA AND THEIR CAREGIVERS.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a dyadic outpatient rehabilitation program focused on improving the real-life daily activities of patients with mild cognitive impairments or dementia and their caregivers.

Design: Retrospective study.

Subjects: Eight patients with mild cognitive impairments or dementia and their caregivers.

[A survey on the utilization of internet services to collect job information among medical students and initiation of video public relations activities for the recruitment of public health physicians based on the survey results].

Objectives　It is difficult for medical students to obtain information about public health physicians because there are very few public health physicians near them. To improve this situation, we surveyed the utilization of internet services to collect job information among medical students and produced six videos and conducted public relations activities for the recruitment of public health physicians based on the survey results.Methods　The subjects of the survey were medical students in their third year or above from 18 universities.

Health Care Resource Use and Social Costs in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: As the number of patients with dementia increases, so do the social costs. In recent years, attempts have been made to reduce risk to be dementia and treat it from the early stages of the disease, making it important to estimate the costs of the early stages.

Objective: To estimate the medical and social costs of the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which include mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD and mild AD.

Dynamics of Interaction among Professionals, Informal Supporters, and Family Caregivers of People with Dementia along the Dementia Care Pathway: A Nationwide Survey in Japan.

This study aims to clarify the dynamics of information provision and human interaction to satisfy the needs of family caregivers. A questionnaire survey consisting of items on information received at and after diagnosis, persons and resources consulted, needs, and caregiver-oriented outcomes was conducted. Among the respondents, 2295 individuals who were caring for people with dementia were divided into quartiles by the time after diagnosis, and differences were statistically analyzed.

How patients with dementia influence caregiver burden using the Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-based Integrated Care System-21 items (DASC-21) and Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI).

Background: Dementia is a disease that is frequently associated with significant caregiving burden. The present study was conducted on patients with dementia in order to investigate the causes of caregiver burden using the Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community-based Integrated Care System-21 items (DASC-21) and Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI).

Methods: The study subjects consisted of 206 elderly patients (mean age: 80.

Post-progression survival after atezolizumab plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer has a significant impact on overall survival.

Background: The effect of first-line chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) may be significantly influenced by subsequent therapy for patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC). Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between progression-free survival (PFS), post-progression survival (PPS), and OS of ED-SCLC patients treated with atezolizumab plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line therapy.

Methods: We analyzed the data of 57 patients with relapsed ED-SCLC treated with atezolizumab plus carboplatin and etoposide (AteCE) as first-line chemotherapy between August 2019 and September 2020.

Day service use and improved Serial 7 and Verbal fluency scores in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Day services (DS) are provided as part of the Japanese public nursing care system. Recent studies have suggested a possible relationship between DS use and limited progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study examined in detail the relationship between improvements in cognitive function and DS use in people with AD.

Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Daily Functioning and Cognition of Alzheimer's Disease Patients Evaluated by DASC-21.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has also been pointed out that AD associated with DM may have unique characteristics. However, the characteristics of impairment in daily functioning when associated with DM have not been sufficiently investigated.

Real-world data of atezolizumab plus carboplatin and etoposide in elderly patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of atezolizumab plus carboplatin and etoposide combination chemotherapy in elderly patients with extensive-disease (ED) small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 65 SCLC patients who received atezolizumab, carboplatin, and etoposide for ED-SCLC in nine study institutions between August 2019 and September 2020. Clinical efficacy, assessed according to response rate and survival, and toxicity were compared between the elderly (n = 36 patients; median age: 74 years [range: 70-89 years]) and the non-elderly group (n = 29 patients; median age: 67 years [range: 43-69 years]).

Gasless single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Purpose: Single-port laparoscopic surgery is anticipated to become the future of minimally invasive surgery. We have devised an alternative approach for laparoscopic cholecystectomy by inserting a single port at the umbilicus and using the abdominal wall-lifting method, without establishing pneumoperitoneum.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 130 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done to compare the conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) (n = 69) and the novel single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SLC) using the abdominal wall-lifting method (n = 61).

Simultaneous presence of the hepato-spleno-mesenteric trunk, a common trunk for both inferior phrenic arteries, the left gastric artery, and a common hepatic artery that ran behind the portal vein in a patient with gastric cancer.

The celiac artery usually trifurcates into the common hepatic artery, splenic artery, and left gastric artery, but it is known to present several anatomical variations. In such cases, detailed knowledge of the variation is needed preoperatively to safely perform surgery. A 77-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for the treatment of gastric cancer.

First-in-human study of blood amyloid β removal from early Alzheimer's disease patients with normal kidney function.

Introduction: Amyloid β (Aβ) is a brain protein that causes Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to verify whether hemadsorption using a hexadecyl-alkylated cellulose bead (HexDC) column removes blood Aβ and brain Aβ accumulation in mild cognitive impairment/mild AD cases with normal kidney function.

Methods: Two patients with positive Aβ on brain imaging underwent HexDC hemadsorption weekly for 6 months.

Effects of the Participation and Involvement of Medical Professionals in Dementia Cafés on the Attendance of People with Dementia Living at Home and Their Family Caregivers.

Background: Dementia cafés have been attracting attention as a new approach to dementia care, but the effects of the participation of medical professionals remain unclear.

Objective: To clarify the significance of collaboration between medical professionals and dementia cafés.

Methods: Questionnaires regarding the numbers of staff and guests, whether medical professionals introduced guests, whether cafés announced their activities to medical institutions, and whether people with dementia played a role were sent to dementia cafés throughout Japan.

Establishment of serum-free adapted Chinese hamster ovary cells with double knockout of GDP-mannose-4,6-dehydratase and GDP-fucose transporter.

Unlabelled: Although antibodies have attracted attention as next-generation biopharmaceuticals, the costs of purifying the products and of arranging the environment for cell cultivation are high. Therefore, there is a need to increase antibody efficacy and improve product quality as much as possible. Since antibodies are glycoproteins, their glycan structures have been found to affect the function of antibodies.

Differences in the frequency of subjective geriatric complaints along with aging and their associations with physical function, multimorbidity, and mood: A cross-sectional study.

Background: In this study, we investigated subjective geriatric complaints (SGCs) as conditions regarding health concerns in community-dwelling older people and analyzed their frequencies with aging and relationships with other factors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 10,434 older people living in a community with a representative aging population in Japan. A questionnaire was sent by mail to those who had not applied for formal care needs certification.

Most families tend to realize progress of Alzheimer's disease when behavioural and psychological symptoms are obvious.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common cognitive disease that can progress at an accelerating rate. Even with early diagnosis, the families might not recognize AD progressing unless behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) develop. In many cases, discrepancies could exist between family-assessed AD stage and diagnosed AD stage.