Ultrasound-Guided Repair of the Anterior Talofibular Ligament With or Without Gould Augmentation Is Safe and Improves Clinical Outcomes for Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: A Case Series of 49 Patients.

Objectives: We have previously shown that ultrasound-guided repair results in an accurate anchor placement and restores ankle joint stability using cadaveric models. The objective is to assess the safety and clinical outcomes of ultrasound-guided ATFL repair with or without augmentation.

Methods: Forty-nine patients with chronic lateral ankle instability underwent ultrasound-guided ATFL repair with or without augmentation.

Explosion Detection Using Smartphones: Ensemble Learning with the Smartphone High-Explosive Audio Recordings Dataset and the ESC-50 Dataset.

Explosion monitoring is performed by infrasound and seismoacoustic sensor networks that are distributed globally, regionally, and locally. However, these networks are unevenly and sparsely distributed, especially at the local scale, as maintaining and deploying networks is costly. With increasing interest in smaller-yield explosions, the need for more dense networks has increased.

Three-Dimensional Nanoscale Imaging of SiO2 Nanofiller in Styrene-Butadiene Rubber with High-Resolution and High-Sensitivity Ptychographic X-ray Computed Tomography.

SiO2 aggregates in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were observed using ptychographic X-ray computed tomography (PXCT). The rubber composites were illuminated with X-rays focused by total reflection focusing mirrors, and the ptychographic diffraction patterns were collected using a CITIUS detector in the range of -75° to +75° angle of incidence. The projection images of the rubber composites were reconstructed with a two-dimensional resolution of 76 nm, and no significant structural changes were observed during the PXCT measurements.

A comparison of smartphone and infrasound microphone data from a fuel air explosive and a high explosive.

For prompt detection of large (>1 kt) above-ground explosions, infrasound microphone networks and arrays are deployed at surveyed locations across the world. Denser regional and local networks are deployed for smaller explosions, however, they are limited in number and are often deployed temporarily for experiments. With the expanded interest in smaller yield explosions targeted at vulnerable areas such as population centers and key infrastructures, the need for more dense microphone networks has increased.

Postoperative pulmonary vascular growth in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary growth in congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDH) remains unclear. We investigated postoperative pulmonary vascular growth using serial lung perfusion scintigraphy in patients with CDH.

Methods: Neonates with left CDH who underwent surgery and postoperative lung perfusion scintigraphy at our institution between 2001 and 2020 were included.

Comparative study on clinical outcomes in autologous chondrocyte implantation using three-dimensional cultured JACC with collagen versus periosteum coverings.

This study investigates the efficacy of a collagen membrane as a substitute for autologous periosteum in atelocollagen-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) using J-TEC autologous cultured cartilage (JACC®). Sixty-nine patients with knee joint chondral defects underwent ACI using JACC®-34 with periosteum-covered ACI (P-ACIs) and 35 with collagen-covered ACI (C-ACIs). Clinical outcomes were compared through patient-reported measures, International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) Cartilage Repair Assessment (CRA) scores at second-look arthroscopy one year postoperatively, and adverse event incidence.

The importance of designing a protector for a preterm and low birth weight infant with ectopia cordis.

Ectopia cordis is a rare condition with expected low survival rate based on past studies. We encountered a case of a preterm and low birth weight infant with ectopia cordis. When the infant cried, the prolapse of the heart, liver, and intestinal tract worsened.

Unilateral spatial neglect affected by right-sided stimuli in a three-dimensional virtual environment: A preliminary proof-of-concept study.

Unlabelled: Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is defined as the inability to attend and see on one side, which seriously interferes with daily life. Clinically, patients with left USN commonly demonstrate a striking immediate capture of attention from ipsilesional, right-sided items as soon as a visual scene unfolds (i.e.

X-ray ptychographic and fluorescence microscopy using virtual single-pixel imaging based deconvolution with accurate probe images.

Simultaneous measurement of X-ray ptychography and fluorescence microscopy allows high-resolution and high-sensitivity observations of the microstructure and trace-element distribution of a sample. In this paper, we propose a method for improving scanning fluorescence X-ray microscopy (SFXM) images, in which the SFXM image is deconvolved via virtual single-pixel imaging using different probe images for each scanning point obtained by X-ray ptychographic reconstruction. Numerical simulations confirmed that this method can increase the spatial resolution while suppressing artifacts caused by probe imprecision, e.

High-resolution and high-sensitivity X-ray ptychographic coherent diffraction imaging using the CITIUS detector.

Ptychographic coherent diffraction imaging (PCDI) is a synchrotron X-ray microscopy technique that provides high spatial resolution and a wide field of view. To improve the performance of PCDI, the performance of the synchrotron radiation source and imaging detector should be improved. In this study, ptychographic diffraction pattern measurements using the CITIUS high-speed X-ray image detector and the corresponding image reconstruction are reported.

Accuracy Verification of Four-Dimensional CT Analysis of Knee Joint Movements: A Pilot Study Using a Knee Joint Model and Motion-Capture System.

Objective This study aimed to use the optical motion-capture method to verify the accuracy of four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) analysis of knee joint movement. Methods One static CT and three 4D-CT examinations of the knee joint model were obtained. The knee joint model was passively moved in the CT gantry during 4D-CT acquisitions.

A case of Hirschsprung's disease with segmental dilatation of the colon.

Background: Segmental dilatation of the colon (SDC) is a rare disease that is characterized by an abrupt segment of dilated colon between regions of normal-sized colon. We herein report a case of SDC associated with Hirschsprung's disease (HD).

Case Presentation: The patient developed abdominal distension soon after birth, and enema examination showed localized intestinal dilatation from the descending colon to the sigmoid colon with significant caliber changes on both the oral and anal sides of the dilated colon.

Nanoscale domain imaging of Li-rich disordered rocksalt-type cathode materials with X-ray spectroscopic ptychography.

Lithium-rich disordered rocksalt-type cathode materials are promising for high-capacity and high-power lithium-ion batteries. Many of them are synthesized by mechanical milling and may have heterogeneous structures and chemical states at the nanoscale. In this study, we performed X-ray spectroscopic ptychography measurements of Li-rich disordered rocksalt-type oxide particles synthesized by mechanical milling before and after delithiation reaction at the vanadium K absorption edge, and visualized their structures and chemical state with a spatial resolution of ∼100 nm.

Examination of the effectiveness of bedside nasojejunal tube placement using a portable imaging device with a flat panel detector.

Transporting pediatric patients with severe cardiovascular complications to the fluoroscopy room can be difficult. Therefore, we started using a portable imaging device with a flat panel detector (FPD) for nasojejunal tube (NJT) placement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in length of time of NJT placement and dosage of radiation exposure using a portable imaging device with FPD versus fluoroscopy.

Design and validation of looping assistance methods in robotic-assisted neonatal surgical suturing in a chest model.

Background: Neonate patients have a reduced thoracic cavity, making thoracoscopic procedures even more challenging than their adult counterparts.

Methods: We evaluated five control strategies for robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgical looping in simulations and experiments with a physical robotic system in a neonate surgical phantom. The strategies are composed of state-of-the-art constrained optimization and a novel looping force feedback term.

Construction and evaluation of a self-replicative RNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 using yellow fever virus replicon.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global threat. To forestall the pandemic, developing safe and effective vaccines is necessary. Because of the rapid production and little effect on the host genome, mRNA vaccines are attractive, but they have a relatively low immune response after a single dose.

Quantification of Unilateral Spatial Neglect Symptoms Based on Identification of Exploratory Ability.

Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is the failure to report, respond, or orient to novel or meaningful stimuli presented on the side opposite a brain lesion. In our previous study, we reported that the ability of patients with USN to perform when the neck was fixed (called cognitive ability) was different from that when the neck was not fixed (called exploratory ability). However, the exploratory ability index has not been clarified, and cognitive and exploratory abilities have not been quantified.

Face and construct validity assessment of training models for intestinal anastomosis in low-birth-weight infants.

Purpose: It is difficult to perform intestinal anastomosis in low-birth-weight infants because the intestinal diameter is small and the discrepancy in diameter of the proximal and distal intestines is often large, but there has been no optimal-sized training model. Therefore, we developed a new intestinal anastomosis training model that imitated the size of the intestine in low-birth-weight infants, and evaluated its face and construct validity.

Methods: Two intestinal models were developed with crossMedical, Inc.

Visualization of Structural Heterogeneities in Particles of Lithium Nickel Manganese Oxide Cathode Materials by Ptychographic X-ray Absorption Fine Structure.

A heterogeneous phase/structure distribution in the bulk of spinel lithium nickel manganese oxides (LNMOs) is the key to maximizing the performance and stability of the cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries. Herein, we report the use of two-dimensional ptychographic X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) to visualize the density and valence maps of manganese and nickel in as-prepared LNMO particles and unsupervised learning to classify the three-phase group in terms of different elemental compositions and chemical states. The described approach may increase the supply of information for nanoscale characterization and promote the design of suitable structural domains to maximize the performance and stability of batteries.

Demonstration of single-frame coherent X-ray diffraction imaging using triangular aperture: Towards dynamic nanoimaging of extended objects.

Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is a powerful method for visualizing the structure of an object with a high spatial resolution that exceeds the performance limits of the lens. Single-frame CDI in the X-ray region has potential use for probing dynamic phenomena with a high spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a general method for single-frame X-ray CDI using a triangular aperture and a Fresnel zone plate.

Single-frame coherent diffraction imaging of extended objects using triangular aperture.

We propose a method of single-frame coherent diffraction imaging using a triangular aperture, which can not only reconstruct the projection image of extended objects from a single-frame coherent diffraction pattern, but also improve the image of the wavefield of the probe. In this method, a plane-wave illuminates a triangular aperture. An object is placed immediately after the aperture or in the image plane of the aperture through a lens.