Athermal strength of pure aluminum is significantly decreased by severe plastic deformation and it is markedly augmented by subsequent annealing.

Over the last two decades, it has been considered that fine crystal grains produced by severe plastic deformation (SPD) lead to an extraordinarily high metal strength. The present study reveals that this understanding is basically incorrect. In our uniaxial tensile tests on industrial pure aluminum at an ultralow strain rate of [Formula: see text], we observed that SPD accompanied by grain refining significantly softened the material.

[Unilateral Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome after Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunt for Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Case Report].

The patient, a 79-year-old man, experienced a Hunt & Kosnik grade IV subarachnoid hemorrhage, presenting with sudden-onset coma and severe left hemiplegia. We performed cranial clipping surgery for a ruptured aneurysm on the right middle cerebral artery the same day. Post-operative recovery proceeded smoothly, with gradual improvements in disturbed consciousness and left hemiplegia.

Quantitative evaluation of unrestrained human gait on change in walking velocity.

In human gait motion analysis, which is one useful method for efficient physical rehabilitation to define various quantitative evaluation indices, ground reaction force, joint angle and joint loads are measured during gait. To obtain these data as unrestrained gait measurement, a novel gait motion analysis system using mobile force plates and attitude sensors has been developed. On the other hand, a human maintains a high correlation among the motion of all joints during gait.

Motion discrimination technique by EMG signals using hyper-sphere model.

This study developed a method of discriminating real-time motion from electromyogram (EMG) signals. We previously proposed a real-time motion discrimination method using hyper-sphere models that discriminated five motions (open, grasp, pinching, wrist extension, and wrist flexion) above 90% and quickly learned EMG signals. Our method prevents elbow motions from interfering with hand motion discrimination.

[CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumor suspected as a secondary recurrence after radiation therapy for medulloblastoma:a case report].

We report a case of a suspected secondary central nervous system(CNS)primitive neuroectodermal tumor(PNET)that developed 25 years after radiation therapy for a medulloblastoma of the cerebellum. At 5 years of age, the patient underwent craniotomy and subsequent radiation therapy of the whole brain(39Gy), whole spinal cord(9Gy), and posterior fossa(49Gy)for the treatment of a medulloblastoma of the cerebellum;the patient did not receive chemotherapy. After radiation therapy, the medulloblastoma completely receded and did not recur.

Gait motion analysis in the unrestrained condition of trans-femoral amputee with a prosthetic limb.

Trans-femoral amputees must regain moving pattern by refined rehabilitation program using ground reaction forces, joint angles and joint moments applied on a prosthetic limb. On the other hand, understanding those loads and kinematic variables is indispensable for gait analysis based on the biomechanical consideration of trans-femoral amputees. However, conventional prosthetic gait training systems cannot measure long continuous walking motions.

Calculation of joint reaction force and joint moments using by wearable walking analysis system.

In gait analysis, which is one useful method for efficient physical rehabilitation, the ground reaction force, the center of pressure, and the body orientation data are measured during walking. In the past, these data were measured by a 3D motion analysis system consisting of high-speed cameras and force plates, which must be installed in the floor. However, a conventional 3D motion analysis system can measure the ground reaction force and the center of pressure just on force plates during a few steps.

Forearm motion discrimination technique using real-time EMG signals.

The objective of this study is to develop a method of discriminating real-time motion from electromyogram (EMG) signals. We previously proposed a motion discrimination method. This method could discriminate five motions (hand opening, hand closing, hand chucking, wrist extension, and wrist flexion) at a rate of above 90 percent from four channel EMG signals in the forearm.

Development of walking analysis system consisting of mobile force plate and motion sensor.

In walking analysis, which is one useful method for efficient physical rehabilitation, the ground reaction force, the center of pressure, and the body orientation data are measured during walking. In the past, these data were measured by a 3D motion analysis system consisting of high-speed cameras and force plates, which must be installed in the floor. However, a conventional 3D motion analysis system can measure the ground reaction force and the center of pressure just on force plates during a few steps.

Development of a novel six-axis force/moment sensor attached to a prosthetic limb for the unrestrained gait measurement.

Since the number of trans-femoral amputees has increased by industrial or traffic accidents in modern society, a prosthetic limb has been required. In this case, those amputees must regain moving pattern by efficient gait training using load conditions on a prosthetic limb as quantitative evaluation indices. However, conventional gait training systems cannot measure long continuous walking motions.

Biomechanical consideration based on the unrestrained gait measurement of trans-femoral amputee with a prosthetic limb.

Trans-femoral amputees must regain moving pattern by refined rehabilitation program using loads applied on a prosthetic limb. On the other hand, understanding those loads is indispensable for biomechanical consideration of trans-femoral amputees. However, conventional prosthetic gait training systems cannot measure long continuous walking motions.

The dipeptide Phe-Phe amide attenuates signs of hyperalgesia, allodynia and nociception in diabetic mice using a mechanism involving the sigma receptor system.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that intrathecal administration of the substance P amino-terminal metabolite substance P1-7 (SP1-7) and its C-terminal amidated congener induced antihyperalgesic effects in diabetic mice. In this study, we studied a small synthetic dipeptide related to SP1-7 and endomorphin-2, i.e.

The effect of substance P1-7 amide on nociceptive threshold in diabetic mice.

We previously demonstrated that intrathecal treatment with substance P metabolite substance P(1-7) induced anti-hyperalgesia in diabetic mice. In the present study, we have used a synthetic analog of this peptide, the substance P(1-7) amide, showing higher binding affinity than the native heptapeptide, for studies of the tail-flick response in diabetic and non-diabetic mice. Intrathecal injection of substance P(1-7) amide produced prolongation of the tail-flick latency in both diabetic and non-diabetic mice, an effect that was more pronounced in diabetic mice than non-diabetic mice.

Prosthetic hand control using motion discrimination from EMG signals.

In this report, we improve the motion discrimination method from electromyogram (EMG) for a prosthetic hand and propose prosthetic hand control. In the past, we proved that a motion discrimination method using conic models could discriminate three hand motions without the incorrect discriminations that the elbow motions cause. In this research, to increase discrimination accuracy of motion discrimination using conic models, we propose a feature extraction method using quadratic polynomials.

Development of prosthetic arm with pneumatic prosthetic hand and tendon-driven wrist.

Recently, various prosthetic arms have been developed, but few are both attractive and functional. Considering human coexistence, prosthetic arms must be both safe and flexible. In this research, we developed a novel prosthetic arm with a five-fingered prosthetic hand using our original pneumatic actuators and a slender tendon-driven wrist using a wire drive and two small motors.

Hand motion discrimination by EMG signals without incorrect discriminations that elbow motions cause.

The objective of this research is to develop a hand motion discrimination method that uses electromyogram (EMG) signals for controlling myoelectric prosthetic hands without the incorrect discriminations that elbow motions cause. We proposed a method that can discriminate hand motions using linear multiple regression models in the past. However, this method incorrectly discriminates hand motions when elbow motions are performed.

Development of robot hand with pneumatic actuator and construct of master-slave system.

Recently, research has concentrated on robots that can coexist with people and be of use to them. Such a robot needs to be both safe and flexible. Here, we use a pneumatic actuator as the driving source of a robot hand.

Development of measuring system to measure standing pose of the foot using distributed triaxial force sensor.

The bottom of a person's foot grips the floor for balance, and the action force and action moment work at the foot bottom when he maintains posture and when he moves. They are important indices in the evaluation and the medical attention of standing pose balance and gait disturbances. A lot of equipments to measure the floor reaction force have been researched.

Hand motion estimation by EMG signals using linear multiple regression models.

The purpose of this research is to construct an intelligent upper limb prosthesis control system that uses electromyogram (EMG) signals. The signal processing of EMG signals is performed using a linear multiple regression model that can learn parameters in a short time. Using this model, joint angles are predicted, and the motion pattern discrimination is conducted.

Metronomic scheduling of a cyclic hexapeptide Ra-VII for anti-angiogenesis, tumor vessel maturation and anti-tumor activity.

RA-VII, a cyclic hexapeptide isolated from Rubiae radix, binds to actin, causing a conformational change in the actin molecule and inducing G2 arrest by inhibiting cytokinesis. Here we examined the effect of RA-VII, its water-soluble derivative, and related RA-III and RA-V on endothelial cells. Among the four compounds tested, RA-VII most potently inhibited angiogenesis-related properties of endothelial cells (i.

Spinal cord involvement of primary central nervous system lymphomas: histopathological examination of 14 autopsy cases.

The brain and spinal cord from 14 patients with primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) were systematically examined to determine the distribution and frequency of spinal cord lesions. Spinal cord involvement was observed in four cases (cases 1-4). In cases 1 and 2, tumor cells were spread widely in the brain and extended downward to C4 and Th8 in the spinal parenchyma and to C2 and Th2 in the subarachnoid space (SAS), respectively.