Effects of substituting sedentary time with physical activity on body mass index in Japanese adults with Down syndrome: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: and Rationale: Obesity is a health challenge for adults with Down syndrome. Therefore, a physical activity promotion program is required to prevent or reduce obesity in adults with this condition. However, there is a lack of evidence of useful risk reduction initiatives.

The Amount of Light to Vigorous Physical Activity (Met's-Hours/Day) in Children with and without Down Syndrome Attending Elementary School in Japan.

Children with Down syndrome (DS) have physical characteristics such as hypotonus of the musculature. Therefore, their attainment rate of physical activity guidelines is low, and guidelines alone may not be sufficient in assessing the amount of physical activity in children with DS. Compared with normal children (NC) of the same grade, light physical activity (LPA) must be considered while assessing physical activity of children with DS, owing to muscle hypotonia.

Assessment of Physical Activity and Related Factors among Adults with Visual Impairments in Japan.

In Japan, there is a lack of physical activity data on health and disease among people with visual impairments, making it difficult to develop specific strategies for health promotion. This study aimed to identify moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among people with visual impairments in Japan, to examine the percentage of them who meet the MVPA recommended activity, and to identify factors related to MVPA. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed a survey of 169 adults with visual impairments.

The association between obesity and sedentary behavior or daily physical activity among children with Down's syndrome aged 7-12 years in Japan: A cross-sectional study.

Background: An assessment of the adverse health effects of obesity in children with Down's syndrome (DS) is required to develop programs that facilitate the acquisition of healthy behaviors. Individuals with DS are often obese. These individuals must develop health related behaviors in childhood.

Reduction in Vegetable Intake Disparities With a Web-Based Nutrition Education Intervention Among Lower-Income Adults in Japan: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: No existing Web-based nutrition education interventions have been evaluated in light of socioeconomic status just in Japan.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the effect of a Web-based intervention program on reducing vegetable intake disparities between low- and middle-income Japanese adults.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, participants were assessed at three time points-baseline, postintervention (5 weeks later), and a follow-up after 3 months-from October 2015 to March 2016.

A randomized-controlled trial focusing on socio-economic status for promoting vegetable intake among adults using a web-based nutrition intervention programme: study protocol.

Background: Web-based nutritional education programmes appear to be comparable to those delivered face-to-face. However, no existing web-based nutrition education or similar programme has yet been evaluated with consideration of socio-economic status. The objective of a nutritional education programme of promoting vegetable intake designed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to evaluate the results of intervention and to determine how socio-economic status influences the programme effects.

Association of household income and education with eating behaviors in Japanese adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Socioeconomic inequalities as social determinants of health are important issues in public health and health promotion. However, the association between socioeconomic status and eating behaviors has been investigated poorly in Japanese adults. To fill this gap, the present study examines the association of eating behaviors with household income and education.

Impaired ascorbic acid metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Ascorbic acid (AA) metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was determined by examining urinary excretion, renal reabsorption, reductive regeneration, and biosynthesis of AA at 3 and 14 days after STZ administration. AA concentrations in the plasma, liver, and kidney of the diabetic rats were significantly lower than those of controls on d 3, and decreased further as the diabetic state continued. Hepatic AA regeneration significantly decreased in the diabetic rats on d 3 in spite of increased gene expressions of AA regenerating enzymes and was further reduced on d 14.

Moderate physical exercise induces the oxidation of human blood protein thiols.

Exercise is known to induce the oxidation of blood low-molecular-weight (LMW) thiols such as reduced glutathione (GSH). We previously reported that full-marathon running induced a decrease in human plasma levels of protein-bound sulfhydryl groups (p-SHs). Moderate exercise, a 30-min running at the intensity of the individual ventilatory threshold, performed by untrained healthy females caused a significant decrease in erythrocyte levels of p-SHs (mostly hemoglobin cysteine residues) and LMW thiols, but their levels returned to each baseline by 2 h.