Community-based going-out program and dementia onset in Japanese older adults: A longitudinal observational study.

Objectives: With dementia prevalence rising globally among older adults, effective and scalable community-based interventions are urgently needed to reduce dementia onset. This study aimed to estimate the association of the going-out program with dementia onset in older adults.

Methods: A 5-year longitudinal observational study was employed.

Engagement in the Community-Based Going-Out Programs and the Association with Physical Frailty Assessed by the Kihon Checklist: A Cohort Study.

Introduction: In efforts to address the public health concern of physical frailty prevention, community-based programs without supervision are anticipated, yet efficacy has not been shown. We aimed to investigate the association of engaging in an unsupervised, community-based going-out program on the incidence of physical frailty among older adults.

Methods: A cohort observational study was employed.

Chronic low back pain and decreased physical activity are associated with social frailty incidence among community-dwelling older adults.

Aim: Nearly half of older adults with frailty experience chronic pain. Chronic pain contributes to activity restrictions. Decreased physical activity with chronic pain is associated not only with physical dysfunction but also with reduced engagement in social activities.

The significance of T-BET-positive CD8 T-cells with diminished CD5 expression in Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a rare condition characterized by benign localized lymphadenopathy and clinical symptoms such as fever, sore throat, odynophagia, and leukopenia. Though the etiology of KFD is unknown, this condition is similar to viral infection, including increased infiltration of activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells. KFD exhibits three histological phases that reflect its progression status: proliferative, necrotic, and xanthomatous lesions.

Frontiers in plant RNA research in ICAR2023: from lab to innovative agriculture.

The recent growth in global warming, soil contamination, and climate instability have widely disturbed ecosystems, and will have a significant negative impact on the growth of plants that produce grains, fruits and woody biomass. To conquer this difficult situation, we need to understand the molecular bias of plant environmental responses and promote development of new technologies for sustainable maintenance of crop production. Accumulated molecular biological data have highlighted the importance of RNA-based mechanisms for plant stress responses.

Estimating the Effect of Engagement in Community-Based Going-Out Program on Incidence Disability in Older Adults.

Objectives: Although going out has been reported to be associated with the incidence of disability, few studies have investigated the effect of community-based programs to promote going out on the incidence of disability. This study aimed to estimate the effects of a program fostering going-out on the incidence of disability in community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Longitudinal, observational study.

Longitudinal associations between response-style strategies and abnormal eating behaviors/attitudes in adolescents: a cross-lagged panel model.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that response-style strategies (rumination, problem-solving, and distraction) can be risk or protective factors for the development of abnormal eating behaviors/attitudes (AEB) during adolescence. However, due to limited empirical data regarding the prospective effects of these strategies on AEB, further research is needed to clarify their role in developing AEB in adolescence.

Methods: This study investigated the one-year lagged effects of response-style strategies on AEB in 24,883 fourth- to eighth-grade students in Japan between 2015 and 2019 using a cross-lagged panel model.

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis with atopic, nonatopic, and sans asthma-Factor analysis.

Background: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) develops in the presence or absence of asthma, either atopic or nonatopic. We have tried to explore the essential components in the pathogenesis of the disease, which are either consistent and variable according to the presence and type of asthma.

Methods: Non-cystic fibrosis ABPA cases satisfying Asano's criteria were extracted from a prospective registry of ABPA and related diseases in Japan between 2013 and 2023.

Association between COVID-19 emergency declarations and physical activity among community-dwelling older adults enrolled in a physical activity measurement program: Evidence from a retrospective observational study using the regression discontinuity design.

Background: The current study examines the negative impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency declarations on physical activity among the community-dwelling older adults, the participants of a physical activity measurement program, in Japan.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 1,773 community-dwelling older adults (aged 74.6 ± 6.

Association between daily gait speed patterns and cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults.

Gait speed over a short distance is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. Recently, daily gait speed has been assessed using accelerometers. However, because daily gait speed is only weakly correlation with gait speed over a short distance, its association with cognitive impairment needs to be investigated.

Transcriptional regulation of cell proliferation competence-associated Arabidopsis genes, , and , by phytohormones in tissue culture.

During organ regeneration, differentiated cells acquire cell proliferation competence before the re-start of cell division. In (Arabidopsis), CDKA;1, a cyclin-dependent kinase, RID1, a DEAH-box RNA helicase, and SRD2, a small nuclear RNA transcription factor, are implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation competence. Here, we report phytohormonal transcriptional regulation of these cell proliferation competence-associated genes during callus initiation.

Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk.

Background: Older people with high cardiovascular risk, including those without cardiovascular diseases, are an at-risk population for dementia. Regular physical activity is generally recommended to maintain brain health; however, the optimal intensity of physical activity for maintaining brain volume in older adults with cardiovascular risk remains unclear. We examined the associations between intensity-specific physical activity and brain volume stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level in older adults without cardiovascular diseases.

Predictivity of daily gait speed using tri-axial accelerometers for two-year incident disability among Japanese older adults.

Gait speed is an important indicator of functional decline in older adults. Recently, daily gait speed has been assessed using accelerometers. However, it is unclear whether this parameter can predict the decline in functional abilities.

Association of Daily Physical Activity with Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults With/Without Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objectives: Physical activity is recommended for disability prevention in the older adult population; however, the level of physical activity required for older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unknown. This study aimed to examine the associations between daily physical activity and disability incidence in older adults with and without CKD to determine relevant daily physical activity levels.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Significance of Hypophosphatemia in Patients with Pneumonia.

Objective Phosphate is a fundamental element involved in a number of physiological pathways. A previous study showed abnormal laboratory findings and a higher mortality in hypophosphatemic patients than in normophosphatemic patients with pneumonia. Sporadic cases of pneumonia due to Legionella spp.

CD24 is a surrogate for 'immune-cold' phenotype in aggressive large B-cell lymphoma.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical regulator of the development of malignant lymphoma. Therapeutics targeting the TME, especially immune checkpoint molecules, are changing the treatment strategy for lymphoma. However, the overall response to these therapeutics for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is modest and new targets of immunotherapy are needed.

Antigen avoidance and outcome of nonfibrotic and fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Background: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is classified into nonfibrotic and fibrotic phenotypes. Patients with nonfibrotic HP often experience recurrence and develop fibrosis, whereas those with fibrotic HP have a poor prognosis. Although antigen avoidance has long been the first line of treatment for HP, its impact on prognosis has been poorly reported.

Isotemporal Substitution of Sedentary Behavior With Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity Is Associated With Lower Risk of Disability: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to estimate, using an isotemporal substitution model, the effect of replacing sedentary behavior (SB) with physical activity on the incidence of disability in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: This 2-year longitudinal cohort study enrolled 3691 community-dwelling older adults (57.2% women; mean age = 74.

Rapid deterioration of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma with mass formation in the trigeminal nerve and multiple organ infiltration: An autopsy case report.

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare lymphoma characterized by the selective growth of lymphoma cells within the lumen of vessels. We describe the case of a 69-year-old male who presented with marked pain in the left facial region. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed a swollen left trigeminal nerve (TN) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography demonstrated fluorodeoxyglucose-only uptake at the same site.

Difference in sarcopenia characteristics associated with physical activity and disability incidences in older adults.

Background: Deteriorated skeletal muscle condition, including sarcopenia, is a risk factor for disability in older adults. Promoting physical activity is a useful treatment for sarcopenia. However, optimal intensity of physical activity according to sarcopenia characteristics is unclear.