Superior mediastinal lymphadenopathy by silicosis mimicking metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma - Case report and literature review.

Silicosis is caused by inhalation of silica dust and is the most common type of pneumoconiosis. The characteristics of silicosis are inflammation of lung tissue and calcified lymphadenopathy of pulmonary hilum, mediastinum and paratrachea. We present a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) case with paratracheal and superior mediastinal calcified lymphadenopathy caused by silicosis.

Airway complication occurring during radioiodine treatment for Graves' disease.

Airway complications rarely occur in 131I radioiodine therapy for Graves' disease. This study presents two cases in which 131I therapy caused this acute complication. The patients complained of the symptom 6 h and 33 h after administration of 131I.

Intraperitoneal radioimmunotherapy to treat the early phase of peritoneal dissemination of human colon cancer cells in a murine model.

Background And Aim: In patients with a high risk of peritoneal dissemination of colon cancer, a treatment adjuvant to surgical resection would improve their prognosis. We aimed to determine whether radioimmunotherapy employing radiolabelled monoclonal antibody would work in this situation.

Methods: A murine model of peritoneal dissemination was established in female Balb/c nu/nu mice by intraperitoneal injection of LS180 human colon cancer cells.

Respiratory distress caused by radioiodine therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Respiratory distress accompanied by stridor is an uncommon complication of 131I radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer that occurs within 48 hours of treatment. This report presents three cases with papillary thyroid carcinoma in which 131I therapy caused this acute complication. One of them had no apparent risk for this complication such as the existence of remnant thyroid tissue or laryngeal problems before the treatment.

99mTc-sestamibi to monitor treatment with antisense oligodeoxynucleotide complementary to MRP mRNA in human breast cancer cells.

Objective: Technetium-99m sestamibi (MIBI) has been utilized to evaluate multi-drug resistance (MDR) phenomenon of malignant tumors and to predict chemotherapeutic effects on them. The current investigation examined the possibility of monitoring changes with respect to mRNA expression of multi-drug resistance associated protein (MRP) following antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) treatment involving 99mTc-MIBI.

Methods: The human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line and its MDR-induced MCF-7/VP cell line were employed.

Binding with serum components favorably affects cellular uptake of 111In-oligonucleotide in a leukemia cell line.

Purpose: The influence of serum components on the intracellular uptake of an 111In-oligonucleotide (ODN) against mdr1 mRNA was investigated in the murine leukemia cell line, P388/S, and its mdr1-overexpressed P388/R.

Methods: 111In-ODNs naked and vectorized with lipids were analyzed for binding with serum components using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 111In-ODN was incubated in albumin and transferrin solutions.

Anti-angiogenic therapy and chemotherapy affect 99mTc sestamibi and 99mTc-HL91 accumulation differently in tumour xenografts.

Background: Favourable effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy for tumours are characterized by the reduced accumulation of radiotracers such as 99mTc sestamibi (MIBI). Anti-angiogenic therapy is primarily cytostatic; consequently, its influence on tracer accumulation may differ from that of cytotoxic treatments.

Methods: Anti-angiogenic therapy employing 2-methoxyestradiol was administered in mice bearing subcutaneous xenografts of LS180 colon cancer cells.

Locoreginal radioimmunotherapy with 186Re-labeled monoclonal antibody in treating small peritoneal carcinomatosis of colon cancer in mice in comparison with 131I-counterpart.

The efficacy of locoregional radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in treating peritoneal tumors of colon cancer of <2 mm in diameter was examined at maximum tolerated doses, focusing the comparison between 186Re and 131I labeled to an anti-colorectal cancer IgG1. Estimated radiation doses to tumors were considerably higher with 186Re-RIT than with 131I-RIT. The advantage of 186Re-RIT decreased with decreasing tumor size, but 186Re-RIT delivered 1.

Failure of radioiodine treatment in Graves' disease intentionally caused by a patient: suspected Munchausen syndrome.

We experienced a case with Graves' disease in which radioiodine treatment failed probably because of intentional spitting out of capsules of radioactive iodide. Chemical analysis of the substances collected from the trash in the treatment room demonstrated that its profile was the same as that of the capsules for radioiodine administration. Measurement of the iodine concentrations in a blood sample obtained at 24 h after the administration of radioiodine indicated that the patient showed iodine excess.

In vitro detection of mdr1 mRNA in murine leukemia cells with 111In-labeled oligonucleotide.

Purpose: The feasibility of intracellular mdr1 mRNA expression detection with radiolabeled antisense oligonucleotide (ODN) was investigated in the murine leukemia cell line, P388/S, and its subclonal, adriamycin-resistant cell line, P388/R.

Methods: The expression level of mdr1 mRNA was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Existence of the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomenon was assessed via cellular uptake of 99mTc-sestamibi (MIBI), a known substrate for P-glycoprotein.

Multifactorial analysis on the short-term side effects occurring within 96 hours after radioiodine-131 therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Objective: This study was performed to clarify factors that might influence short-term side effects occurring within 96 hours after administration of 131I for patients with thyroid carcinoma.

Methods: In 71 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, short-term side effects including gastrointestinal complaints, salivary gland swelling with pain, change in taste and headache were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were given domperidone for prevention of gastrointestinal complaints and advised to consume sour foods to promote discharge of radioiodine from the salivary glands.

Single dose planning for radioiodine-131 therapy of Graves' disease.

Objective: Patients with Graves' disease were studied one year after radioiodine-131 therapy to assess the relationship between the effectiveness of the therapy and the radioiodine doses used.

Methods: Patients were classified into three groups according to thyroid function as hyperthyroidism, euthyroidism and hypothyroidism at one year after I-131 therapy. In these groups we compared the mean values of dose, dose per thyroid weight calculated with I-123 uptake before the therapy (pre D/W), dose per thyroid weight calculated with therapeutic I-131 uptake (post D/W), and absorbed dose.

Limitations of (99m)Tc tetrofosmin in assessing reversal effects of verapamil on the function of multi-drug resistance associated protein 1.

Background: Previous reports have demonstrated the feasibility of scintigraphic assessment of the multi-drug resistance (MDR) of tumours caused by ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters by using Tc cationic tracers such as Tc tetrofosmin (TF). Furthermore, the potential of these tracers for evaluating the effects of reversal agents for MDR has been documented. However, most reversal agents simultaneously affect cationic ion transporters related to tracer accumulation in tumours.

Improved survival of mice bearing liver metastases of colon cancer cells treated with a combination of radioimmunotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy.

We attempted to determine whether the combined regimen of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) and antiangiogenic therapy would favorably affect the survival of animals bearing liver metastases of colon cancer cells. Daily antiangiogenic therapy with 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME), 75 mg/kg, was initiated at 3 days following intrasplenic cell inoculation of LS180 colon cancer cells. RIT with 7 MBq of (131)I-A7, an IgG1 anti-colorectal monoclonal antibody, or (131)I-HPMS-1, an irrelevant IgG1, was conducted at 7 days.

Preliminary evaluation of image reconstruction by ordered-subset expectation maximization in thallium-201 lung scintigraphy.

Objectives: We observed whether clearer tumor delineation and greater tumor to non-tumor (T/N) count ratios could be obtained using an iterative ordered-subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm than conventional filtered-back projection algorithm (FBP) in the image reconstruction of thallium-201 (201Tl) lung scintigraphy.

Methods: In 29 patients with lung cancer and phantom studies, tomograms were reconstructed using FBP and OSEM algorithms, with and without a prefilter (Butterworth filter: BW), whose cut-off frequencies were 0.10 cycles/pixel for FBP and 0.

Feasibility of 186Re-radioimmunotherapy for treatment in an adjuvant setting of colon cancer.

Purpose: (186)Re displays abundant intermediate energy beta emission, and possesses an appropriate physical half-life of 3.7 days. We compared the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with an anti-colorectal cancer monoclonal IgG1, (186)Re-A7, with that of RIT employing (131)I in a mouse liver metastasis model.

Reduction of 99mTc-sestamibi and 99mTc-tetrofosmin uptake in MRP-expressing breast cancer cells under hypoxic conditions is independent of MRP function.

Hypoxia reduces the uptake of technetium-99m sestamibi (MIBI) in human cancer cell lines. In the current investigation, we attempted to identify the relationship between hypoxia-induced alteration of (99m)Tc-MIBI accumulation and expression of multi-drug resistance-associated protein (MRP) in the MCF7/WT breast cancer cell line and its subclonal cell line, MCF7/VP, which expresses high levels of MRP1. A second cationic compound, (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin (TF), was also examined.

Intraperitoneal radioimmunotherapy in treating peritoneal carcinomatosis of colon cancer in mice compared with systemic radioimmunotherapy.

Peritoneal spread is one of major causes of mortality in colorectal cancer patients. In the current investigation, the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with i.p.

Local delivery of (131)I-MIBG to treat peritoneal neuroblastoma.

Internal radiotherapy involving systemic administration of iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine ((131)I-MIBG) in neural crest tumours such as neuroblastoma has shown considerable success. Although peritoneal seeding of neuroblastoma occurs less often than metastases to organs such as the liver, no effective treatments exist in this clinical setting. Previous reports have demonstrated the effectiveness of peritoneal application of chemotherapeutic drugs or radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies in several kinds of carcinomas.

Radioimmunotherapy with 186Re-labeled monoclonal antibody to treat liver metastases of colon cancer cells in nude mice.

The efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in the treatment of minimal disease has been previously shown, despite the limitation of beta-emitters suggested by a mathematical model. In the present study, the efficacy of RIT with an anti-colorectal cancer IgG1 A7 conjugated with 186Re was examined in a liver metastasis model established by intrasplenic inoculation of human colon cancer cells. In this model, small metastases of less than 1 mm in diameter can be observed 1 week after cell inoculation.

Benefits of combined radioimmunotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy in a liver metastasis model of human colon cancer cells.

The combined use of anti-angiogenic therapy (AT) and radioimmunotherapy (RIT) may improve the therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer lesions. This hypothesis is based on the ability of AT to suppress tumour endothelial compartments and the direct action of RIT against tumour cells. We previously confirmed this hypothesis in an established subcutaneous xenograft model of colon cancer.

Hypoxia-induced alteration of tracer accumulation in cultured cancer cells and xenografts in mice: implications for pre-therapeutic prediction of treatment outcomes with (99m)Tc-sestamibi, (201)Tl chloride and (99m)Tc-HL91.

Weak visualization of tumours in pre-therapeutic scintigrams with technetium-99m sestamibi (MIBI) is likely a predictive sign of unfavourable tumour response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, factors relating to this scintigraphic finding are not well understood. The presence of hypoxic tumour cells is one of the major reasons for therapeutic failure; consequently, we attempted to determine whether oxygenation status affects (99m)Tc-MIBI accumulation in tumour cells.

Cooperative effect of radioimmunotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy with thalidomide in human cancer xenografts.

Unlabelled: Antiangiogenic therapy may prolong the dormancy of cancer lesions. Moreover, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) may eradicate this population of cells. This study dealt with determining the benefits associated with the combined usefulness of these 2 therapies with respect to inhibition of tumor growth.