Cholecystitis following the initiation of glucagon-like peptide-2 analogue for short bowel syndrome: A case report.

Patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) have a risk for cholelithiasis and cholecystitis, particularly those who have received long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). Teduglutide (Revestive), a glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analogue, is the first effective therapy approved for treating patients with SBS via self-subcutaneous injection. It also pharmacologically inhibits gallbladder contraction, which may increase the risks for cholelithiasis and cholecystitis.

Thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric fine particulate matter.

Thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) is used to analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric fine particulate matter. However, despite the high sensitivity of TD-GC-MS, the recovery rate of PAHs is greatly influenced by active sites in the equipment. PAHs are decomposed or adsorbed at active sites, decreasing quantitative accuracy.

A clinical review of ovarian tumors in children and adolescents.

Purpose: To determine the features which predict torsion and the pre-operative indicators of malignancy in cases of ovarian torsion in ovarian tumors (OTs) in children.

Methods: The medical records of 35 pediatric patients who underwent surgery for OT, except for neonate cases, from 1997 to 2018 at our institution were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: The pathological diagnosis was mature teratoma in 17, immature teratoma in 9, yolk sac tumor in 3, and others in 6.

Long-term follow-up in surgical newborns: A single-institution experience.

Background: To assess the actual experiences of long-term follow-up and discuss ways to improve care during the period from childhood to adulthood in newborns who have undergone surgery.

Methods: A total of 306 patients with congenital anomalies requiring newborn surgery who survived to discharge from 1994 to 2013 were eligible for inclusion. Survivors with severe chromosomal and cardiac anomalies were excluded.

Unexpected Aldehyde Generation in the Exhaust Gas at Waste Incineration Facilities.

Acid gases generated during the thermal treatment of waste are neutralized using devices, such as bag filters coated with slaked lime. However, residual trace organic substances can react with the highly reactive slaked lime. This study investigates the dynamics of organic substances generated in the bag filter when slaked lime is used in the exhaust gas treatment process.

Pediatric ovarian immature teratoma: Histological grading and clinical characteristics.

Background: Ovarian immature teratomas (ITs) are relatively rare among all pediatric ovarian tumors. The histological grading for ovarian ITs, which ranges from 1 to 3, is based on the proportion of immature neuroepithelial component. Higher-grade ITs in adults are treated as malignant neoplasms and require adjuvant chemotherapy.

Histological significance of hepatitis-like findings in biliary atresia: An analysis of 34 Japanese cases.

Background: Hepatocellular injury including multinuclear changes are common histological features in biliary atresia (BA), as well as in neonatal hepatitis. To date, however, no reports have examined how those findings correlate with the prognosis of BA. We clarified the clinical implications of hepatitis-related changes in BA on histological analysis.

Clinical, Pathologic, and Genetic Features of Neonatal Dubin-Johnson Syndrome: A Multicenter Study in Japan.

Objective: To clarify the clinical, pathologic, and genetic features of neonatal Dubin-Johnson syndrome.

Study Design: Ten patients with neonatal Dubin-Johnson syndrome were recruited from 6 pediatric centers in Japan between September 2013 and October 2016. Clinical and laboratory course, macroscopic and microscopic liver findings, and molecular genetic findings concerning ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 2 (ABCC2) were retrospectively and prospectively examined.

Aggressive gastrointestinal food allergy in neonates and its possible relationship to necrotizing enterocolitis.

Introduction: The incidence of gastrointestinal food allergy (FA) in neonates is increasing. Despite this, cases of patients with gastrointestinal FA who develop necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) requiring laparotomy are extremely rare.

Presentation Of Case: We describe two cases that presented with bloody stool with a probable diagnosis of FA as eosinophils were positive in the stool at onset.

Outcome of early discharge protocol after appendectomy for pediatric acute appendicitis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of an early discharge protocol for pediatric acute appendicitis.

Methods: The present new early discharge protocol for appendicitis consisted of both postoperative early feeding and reduced-port laparoscopic surgery, to reduce surgical stress. The outcome was studied in patients with acute appendicitis treated at the present institution from 2012 to 2013.

The use of a sternothyroid muscle flap to prevent the re-recurrence of a recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula found 10 years after the primary repair.

Recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is still difficult to diagnose and repair. In almost all cases, recurrence appears relatively soon after the primary surgery. We herein describe a case of recurrent TEF that appeared 10 years after the primary repair.

Hypergastrinemia and a duodenal ulcer caused by gastric duplication.

Background: Hypergastrinemia and the resultant peptic ulcer related to an enteric duplication has been quite rarely reported in the literature.

Case Presentation: We herein report the case of a 4-year-old girl who presented with hypergastrinemia and a duodenal ulcer at 2 years of age. She had been followed up with a proton pump inhibitor, which resulted in resolution of the ulcer; however, unexplained hypergastrinemia had continued.

Pulmonary interstitial emphysema due to respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) primarily affects premature infants on positive pressure ventilation. PIE is rarely reported in infants and children in the absence of mechanical ventilation and/or associated respiratory infection. We report a case of PIE in a 22-month-old girl who had severe respiratory distress due to respiratory syncytial virus infection.

An incarcerated appendix and the ileocecum within a left inguinal hernia in an infant.

An 8-month-old boy with a left-sided incarcerated inguinal hernia involving the appendix, cecum, and terminal ileum was successfully managed via an inguinal approach during an emergency operation. A mobile cecum seemed to have contributed to the left-sided incarceration. Only 13 similar cases with the left-sided Amyand's hernia have been reported in the literature.

Analysis of risk factors of long-term complications in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A single institution's experience.

Objective: To establish better management practices to reduce morbidities in survivors with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Methods: Of 60 patients treated for CDH at our institution between 1991 and 2011, 49 patients without severe anomalies were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Since 2004, gentle ventilation (GV) has been the main treatment for CDH.

Increased pulmonary RhoA expression in the nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia rat model.

Purpose: Persistent pulmonary hypertension remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Recently, RhoA/Rho-kinase-mediated vasoconstriction has been reported to be important in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Several recent reports have described that fasudil, a potent Rho-kinase inhibitor and vasodilator, could represent a potential therapeutic option for PH.

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome with a unilateral giant ovarian fibroma in a Japanese 6-year-old girl.

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is characterized by basal cell carcinoma, skeletal abnormalities, benign tumors including ovarian fibroma, and various other phenotypic expressions. Ovarian fibromas in NBCCS before puberty are very rare. We report a 6-year-old prepubescent girl with NBCCS showing skeletal abnormalities, medulloblastoma, and ovarian fibromas.