Wild and cultivated allele effects on rice phenotypic traits in reciprocal backcross populations between and two cultivars, Nipponbare and IR36.

A total of four populations of reciprocal backcross recombinant inbred lines were produced from a cross between a wild accession of W630 and two major cultivars, Japonica Nipponbare and Indica IR36. Using these populations, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for eight morphological traits (culm length, panicle length, days to heading, panicle shape, pericarp color, hull color, seed shattering and seed awning) was carried out, and the putative QTL regions were compared among the populations. The QTLs with strong allele effects were commonly detected for culm length, panicle shape, pericarp color and hull color in all four populations, and their peak locations were close to the major genes of , , and , respectively.

Different contributions of PROG1 and TAC1 to the angular kinematics of the main culm and tillers of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon).

PROG1 is necessary but insufficient for the main culm inclination while TAC1 partially takes part in it, and both genes promote tiller inclination in Asian wild rice. Asian wild rice (Oryza rufipogon), the ancestor of cultivated rice (O. sativa), has a prostrate architecture, with tillers branching from near the ground.

A stepwise route to domesticate rice by controlling seed shattering and panicle shape.

Asian rice ( L.) is consumed by more than half of the world's population. Despite its global importance, the process of early rice domestication remains unclear.

Assessment of skin inflammation using near-infrared Raman spectroscopy combined with artificial intelligence analysis in an animal model.

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful method for estimating the molecular structure of a target that can be adapted for biomedical analysis given its non-destructive nature. Inflammatory skin diseases impair the skin's barrier function and interfere with the patient's quality of life. There are limited methods for non-invasive and objective assessment of skin inflammation.

Role of qGZn9a in controlling grain zinc concentration in rice, Oryza sativa L.

A candidate gene responsible for higher grain zinc accumulation in rice was identified, which was probably associated with a partial defect in anther dehiscence. Zinc (Zn) is an essential mineral element in many organisms. Zn deficiency in humans causes various health problems; therefore, an adequate dietary Zn intake is required daily.

Interspecific introgression and natural selection in the evolution of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume).

Domestication and population differentiation in crops involve considerable phenotypic changes. The logs of these evolutionary paths, including natural/artificial selection, can be found in the genomes of the current populations. However, these profiles have been little studied in tree crops, which have specific characters, such as long generation time and clonal propagation, maintaining high levels of heterozygosity.

Evaluation of Domestication Loci Associated with Awnlessness in Cultivated Rice, Oryza sativa.

Background: Awns are bristle-like organs at the tips of the glumes. Wild rice has maintained long awns for successful seed propagation through seed dispersal. Seed awning is an interesting trait in rice domestication.

Assessment of genetic diversity and genetic structure of wild rice populations in Myanmar.

To evaluate genetic diversity and genetic structure of wild rice () populations in Myanmar, seven research sites were selected based on various ecological conditions. A large number of samples under natural growth conditions were collected and studied using six simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and two chloroplast DNA markers. A total of 77 alleles were detected from 1559 samples over six SSR loci.

Detection of quantitative trait loci controlling grain zinc concentration using Australian wild rice, Oryza meridionalis, a potential genetic resource for biofortification of rice.

Zinc (Zn) is one of the essential mineral elements for both plants and humans. Zn deficiency in human is one of the major causes of hidden hunger, a serious health problem observed in many developing countries. Therefore, increasing Zn concentration in edible part is an important issue for improving human Zn nutrition.

Estimation of loci involved in non-shattering of seeds in early rice domestication.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is widely cultivated around the world and is known to be domesticated from its wild form, O. rufipogon.

Gene interaction at seed-awning loci in the genetic background of wild rice.

Seed awning is one of the important traits for successful propagation in wild rice. During the domestication of rice by ancient humans, plants with awnless seeds may have been selected because long awns hindered collection and handling activities. To investigate domestication of awnless rice, QTL analysis for seed awning was first carried out using backcross recombinant inbred lines between Oryza sativa Nipponbare (recurrent parent) and O.

Evaluation of genetic variation among wild rice populations in Cambodia.

A total of 448 samples in five natural populations of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) were collected in Cambodia. They were examined using 12 SSR and two chloroplast markers to evaluate the degree of variation among populations and the genetic structure within populations. In the two annual populations, the number of plants with homozygous alleles at all 12 SSR loci were high (66.

Inconsistent diversities between nuclear and plastid genomes of AA genome species in the genus Oryza.

AA genome species in the genus Oryza are valuable resources for improvement of cultivated rice. Oryza rufipogon and O. barthii were progenitors of two domesticated rice species, O.

Inhibition of abscission layer formation by an interaction of two seed-shattering loci, sh4 and qSH3, in rice.

Loss of seed shattering was one of the key phenotypic changes selected for in the domestication of many crop species. Asian cultivated rice, Oryza sativa L., was domesticated from its wild ancestor, O.

Effect of quantitative trait loci for seed shattering on abscission layer formation in Asian wild rice Oryza rufipogon.

Asian cultivated rice Oryza sativa L. was domesticated from its wild ancestor, O. rufipogon.

QTL map meets population genomics: an application to rice.

Genes involved in the transition from wild to cultivated crop species should be of great agronomic importance. Population genomic approaches utilizing genome resequencing data have been recently applied for this purpose, although it only reports a large list of candidate genes with no biological information. Here, by resequencing more than 30 genomes altogether of wild rice Oryza rufipogon and cultivated rice O.

OsLG1 regulates a closed panicle trait in domesticated rice.

Reduction in seed shattering was an important phenotypic change during cereal domestication. Here we show that a simple morphological change in rice panicle shape, controlled by the SPR3 locus, has a large impact on seed-shedding and pollinating behaviors. In the wild genetic background of rice, we found that plants with a cultivated-like type of closed panicle had significantly reduced seed shedding through seed retention.

Estimation of the outcrossing rate for annual Asian wild rice under field conditions.

The Asian wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, has partial outcrossing behavior and shows high levels of genetic variation. To estimate an accurate outcrossing rate of annual form of O. rufipogon, two backcross lines (Lines R1 and R2) between Oryza sativa Nipponbare and O.

Effects of growth and dietary crude protein level until first insemination on milk production during first lactation in Holstein heifers.

To decrease the age at first calving in Holsteins, the effects of average daily body weight gain (ADG) and crude protein (CP) level until first insemination on growth performance and milk production were examined. The MM group had a target ADG of 0.75 kg and received a diet with a CP level of 14%.

Effect of cellooligosaccharide or synbiotic feeding on growth performance, fecal condition and hormone concentrations in Holstein calves.

We investigated the effect of cellooligosaccharide (CE) or a combination of dextran and Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei strain JCM1134(T) (synbiotic; SB) feeding on growth performance, fecal condition and hormone concentrations in Holstein calves. Fifty-two female Holstein calves were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: CE feeding group (n = 16), SB feeding group (n = 18), and control group (n = 18).

QTL analysis for flowering time using backcross population between Oryza sativa Nipponbare and O. rufipogon.

In the near future, global average temperature is expected to increase due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases, and increased temperatures will cause severe sterility in many crop species. In rice, since wild species show high genetic variation, they may have the potential to improve the flowering characters of cultivars. In this study, we investigated flowering characters under natural conditions by comparing an Asian wild rice accession of Oryza rufipogon W630 (originated from Myanmar) with a Japanese rice cultivar, O.