Investigating the effects of weather on headache occurrence using a smartphone application and artificial intelligence: A retrospective observational cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between weather and headache occurrence using big data from an electronic headache diary smartphone application with recent statistical and deep learning (DL)-based methods.

Background: The relationship between weather and headache occurrence remains unknown.

Methods: From a database of 1 million users, data from 4375 users with 336,951 hourly headache events and weather data from December 2020 to November 2021 were analyzed.