Posterior Instrumentation without Curettage Promotes Rapid Restoration of Adult Spinal Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

Introduction: Adult spinal Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) presents a treatment challenge due to ongoing controversies. Traditional approaches such as curettage with bone grafting and internal fixation are preferred for severe cases involving mechanical instability, neurological deficits, or deformity. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of a customized approach involving simple posterior instrumentation without curettage or bone grafting in treating adult spinal LCH.

Regenerative therapies for lumbar degenerative disc diseases: a literature review.

This review aimed to summarize the recent advances and challenges in the field of regenerative therapies for lumbar disc degeneration. The current first-line treatment options for symptomatic lumbar disc degeneration cannot modify the disease process or restore the normal structure, composition, and biomechanical function of the degenerated discs. Cell-based therapies tailored to facilitate intervertebral disc (IVD) regeneration have been developed to restore the IVD extracellular matrix or mitigate inflammatory conditions.

Unchanged incidence of major adverse events amidst rising surgical interventions for osteoporotic vertebral fractures, 2015-2021.

Unlabelled: This study investigated treatment trends and major adverse events in patients hospitalized for osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF). The frequency of surgical interventions for OVF increased significantly, but this did not decrease major adverse events. The findings underscore the necessity for reevaluating OVF management strategies.

The Mohawk homeobox gene represents a marker and osteo-inhibitory factor in calvarial suture osteoprogenitor cells.

The regeneration of the mammalian skeleton's craniofacial bones necessitates the action of intrinsic and extrinsic inductive factors from multiple cell types, which function hierarchically and temporally to control the differentiation of osteogenic progenitors. Single-cell transcriptomics of developing mouse calvarial suture recently identified a suture mesenchymal progenitor population with previously unappreciated tendon- or ligament-associated gene expression profile. Here, we developed a Mohawk homeobox (Mkx; R26R) reporter mouse and demonstrated that this reporter identifies an adult calvarial suture resident cell population that gives rise to calvarial osteoblasts and osteocytes during homeostatic conditions.

Prognostic Factors after Surgical Treatment for Spinal Metastases.

Study Design: A retrospective multicenter case series was conducted.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate survival and prognostic factors after surgery for a metastatic spinal tumor.

Overview Of Literature: Prognostic factors after spinal metastasis surgery remain controversial.

Active Rheumatoid Arthritis and Scoliosis: A Mid-Term Cohort Study.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To elucidate the factors related to progression of scoliosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using longitudinal cohort data.

Summary Of Background Data: Thirty percent of patients with RA have lumbar scoliosis.

Sagittal Section Hounsfield Units of the Upper Instrumented Vertebrae as a Predictor of Proximal Junctional Vertebral Fractures Following Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery.

Study Design: A retrospective observational study.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine an accurate and convenient screening method for predicting proximal junctional fractures (PJFr) following surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD) using computed tomography (CT)-based measurement of Hounsfield units (HUs).

Overview Of Literature: CT-based measurement of HUs is an alternative tool for assessing bone mineral density.

S2 Alar Screw Insertion Accuracy and Factors Associated With Screw Loosening and Lumbosacral Nonunion.

Objective: To investigate S2 alar screw (S2AS) accuracy and factors associated with S2AS loosening and lumbosacral nonunion.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent lumbosacral fusion surgery with S2AS addition under fluoroscopy. S2AS loosening and lumbosacral nonunion were analyzed using a 1-year postoperative computed tomography.

Blade-Related Vertebral Fracture After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with a Zero-Profile Cage: A Case Report.

Case: We present a case of a 79-year-old man with degenerative cervical myelopathy treated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) using a zero-profile cage. Postoperatively, the patient experienced a rare complication of anchoring blade-related adjacent vertebral fracture leading to construct failure and recurrence of myelopathic symptoms, necessitating revision surgery.

Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of precision in the surgical technique, specifically in the placement of Caspar pins and anchoring blades.

Recurrence rate after posterior percutaneous screw fixation without anterior debridement for pyogenic spondylitis compared with conservative treatment: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Purpose: Previous studies have shown that percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) posterior fixation without anterior debridement for pyogenic spondylitis can improve patient quality of life compared with conservative treatment. However, data on the risk of recurrence after PPS posterior fixation compared with conservative treatment is lacking. The aim of this study was to compare the recurrence rate of pyogenic spondylitis after PPS posterior fixation without anterior debridement and conservative treatment.

Lateral Interbody Fusion for Hyperlordosis and Negative Sagittal Vertical Axis Because of Accordion Phenomenon: A Case Report.

Case: The accordion phenomenon is defined as the difference in the disc space observed on x-ray or computed tomography images taken in both standing and supine positions, which results in a discrepancy of local spinal alignment. Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a less invasive method of potentially correcting both coronal and sagittal spinal alignment. We present the case of a 66-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis treated with OLIF for degenerative disc disease presenting with hyperlordosis and negative sagittal vertical axis (SVA) because of the accordion phenomenon.

Neurological severity evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging in acute spontaneous spinal epidural haematomas.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the severity of neurological deficits in a large series of patients with acute spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma (SSEH) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: We included 57 patients treated for acute SSEH at 11 institutions and retrospectively analysed their demographic and MRI data upon admission. We investigated MRI findings, such as the haematoma length and canal occupation ratio (COR).

Substantially High Hidden Blood Loss in Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion: Retrospective Case Series.

: Measured blood loss frequently underestimates true blood loss; this discrepancy is called hidden blood loss (HBL). The purpose of the present study was to measure HBL in oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF). : Patients who underwent two-stage OLIF at our institute from September 2017 to September 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.

NGF-p75 signaling coordinates skeletal cell migration during bone repair.

Bone regeneration following injury is initiated by inflammatory signals and occurs in association with infiltration by sensory nerve fibers. Together, these events are believed to coordinate angiogenesis and tissue reprogramming, but the mechanism of coupling immune signals to reinnervation and osteogenesis is unknown. Here, we found that nerve growth factor (NGF) is expressed following cranial bone injury and signals via p75 in resident mesenchymal osteogenic precursors to affect their migration into the damaged tissue.

Dual plating for bipolar clavicle fractures: A case report.

Clavicular fractures are common, accounting for 4% of all adult fractures. However, simultaneous medial and lateral fractures occurring in the same clavicle (the so-called 'bipolar clavicle fracture') are rare. Treatment for this type of fracture is not well established.

Development of a Biomaterial Scaffold Integrated with Osteoinductive Oxysterol Liposomes to Enhance Hedgehog Signaling and Bone Repair.

Bone repair requires the tightly regulated control of multiple intrinsic and extrinsic cell types and signaling pathways. One of the positive regulatory signaling pathways in membranous and endochondral bone healing is the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling family. Here, a novel therapeutic liposomal delivery vector was developed by self-assembly of an Hh-activating cholesterol analog with an emulsifier, along with the addition of Smoothened agonist (SAG) as a drug cargo, for the enhancement of Hh signaling in bone regeneration.

Divergent effects of distinct perivascular cell subsets for intra-articular cell therapy in posttraumatic osteoarthritis.

Intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells has shown benefit for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). However, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells at the origin of these clinical results are heterogenous cell populations with limited cellular characterization. Here, two transgenic reporter mice were used to examine the differential effects of two precisely defined perivascular cell populations (Pdgfrα  and Pdgfrβ  cells) from white adipose tissue for alleviation of OA.

Systemic DKK1 neutralization enhances human adipose-derived stem cell mediated bone repair.

Progenitor cells from adipose tissue are able to induce bone repair; however, inconsistent or unreliable efficacy has been reported across preclinical and clinical studies. Soluble inhibitory factors, such as the secreted Wnt signaling antagonists Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), are expressed to variable degrees in human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), and may represent a targetable "molecular brake" on ASC mediated bone repair. Here, anti-DKK1 neutralizing antibodies were observed to increase the osteogenic differentiation of human ASCs in vitro, accompanied by increased canonical Wnt signaling.

Human perivascular stem cells prevent bone graft resorption in osteoporotic contexts by inhibiting osteoclast formation.

The vascular wall stores mesenchymal progenitor cells which are able to induce bone regeneration, via direct and paracrine mechanisms. Although much is known regarding perivascular cell regulation of osteoblasts, their regulation of osteoclasts, and by extension utility in states of high bone resorption, is not known. Here, human perivascular stem cells (PSCs) were used as a means to prevent autograft resorption in a gonadectomy-induced osteoporotic spine fusion model.

Perivascular Fibro-Adipogenic Progenitor Tracing during Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis.

Perivascular mural cells surround capillaries and microvessels and have diverse regenerative or fibrotic functions after tissue injury. Subsynovial fibrosis is a well-known pathologic feature of osteoarthritis, yet transgenic animals for use in visualizing perivascular cell contribution to fibrosis during arthritic changes have not been developed. Here, inducible Pdgfra-CreER reporter mice were subjected to joint-destabilization surgery to induce arthritic changes, and cell lineage was traced over an 8-week period with a focus on the joint-associated fat pad.

A Neurotrophic Mechanism Directs Sensory Nerve Transit in Cranial Bone.

The flat bones of the skull are densely innervated during development, but little is known regarding their role during repair. We describe a neurotrophic mechanism that directs sensory nerve transit in the mouse calvaria. Patent cranial suture mesenchyme represents an NGF (nerve growth factor)-rich domain, in which sensory nerves transit.