Incidence of antiresorptive agent-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A multicenter retrospective epidemiological study in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan.

Background/purpose: The incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is increasing worldwide, mostly due to the use of antiresorptive agents (ARAs) such as bisphosphonate (BP) and denosumab (Dmab). However, the proportion of BP-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and Dmab-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (DRONJ) among all ARA-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (ARONJ) cases is not clear; this hinders appropriate treatment, recurrence-prevention planning, and avoidance of unnecessary Dmab withdrawal. Moreover, the causative drug administered at each disease stage remains unknown.

Construction of Acyclic All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter Based on Asymmetric Michael Addition of Chiral Amine.

Acyclic asymmetric quaternary stereocenters, which are composed of four carbon-carbon bonds, were finely constructed by utilizing a face-selective alkylation of enolate intermediates derived from an asymmetric Michael addition reaction of a chiral lithium amide with trisubstituted (E)-α,β-unsaturated esters. The present face-selective alkylation was able to employ diverse alkyl halides as an electrophile to afford various Michael adducts having an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. With regard to the deprotection of the chiral auxiliary, N-iodosuccinimide used in our previous study did not work in the present cases; however, we found that pyridine iodine monochloride in the presence of HO was effective to remove the bornyl group and the benzyl group on the amino group to provide the β-amino ester derivative.

A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of Trisubstituted (E)-α,β-Unsaturated Esters by Tandem Acetylation-E1cB Reaction.

A facile and convenient synthesis of trisubstituted (E)-α,β-unsaturated esters was developed by improving our previously established method. The new method circumvented the separation of the intermediates, which have an activating group of the hydroxyl group in β-hydroxy esters, furnishing α,β-unsaturated esters in shorter steps than the previous method: an acetylation of β-hydroxy group and subsequent E1cB reaction proceeded in tandem. In addition, the new method can not only employ a diastereomeric mixture of the substrate for the E1cB reaction, it has a wide substrate scope as well, which would enable the synthesis of various trisubstituted (E)-α,β-unsaturated esters.

A literature review of perioperative antibiotic administration in surgery for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Purpose: Few studies exist that focus on the details of perioperative antibiotic administration for surgery to treat medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The regime and duration of perioperative antibiotics applied in published studies were reviewed to clarify appropriate perioperative antibiotic use in MRONJ surgery.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE database via PubMed.

Green Synthesis of (R)-Terbutaline for Recyclable Catalytic Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation in Ionic Liquids.

We synthesize optically active (R)-terbutaline 2, which is an anti-asthmatic drug, through recyclable catalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (RCATH). Various chloroketones 4 were prepared and RCATH was performed on them. The products exhibit moderate to high enantioselectivity.

Retrospective study of treatment outcomes after postoperative chemoradiotherapy in Japanese oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with risk factors of recurrence.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of postoperative concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with cisplatin (CDDP), and compare the prognosis in 3 groups-without postoperative therapy (S-only), with radiotherapy (RT) alone (S+RT), and with CRT (S+CRT)-in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients at high risk of recurrence.

Methods: Clinicopathologic data and treatment modality were investigated. Endpoints evaluated were locoregional control (LRC), relapse-free survival, overall survival (OS), and type of recurrence.

Palladium-Catalyzed 1,3-Difunctionalization Using Terminal Alkenes with Alkenyl Nonaflates and Aryl Boronic Acids.

A Pd-catalyzed 1,3-difunctionalization of terminal alkenes using 1,1-disubstituted alkenyl nonaflates and arylboronic acid coupling partners is reported. This transformation affords allylic arene products that are difficult to selectively access using traditional Heck cross-coupling methodologies. The evaluation of seldom employed 1,1-disubstituted alkenyl nonaflate coupling partners led to the elucidation of subtle mechanistic features of π-allyl stabilized Pd-intermediates.

Magnitude-based Asymmetric Fourier Imaging (MagAFI).

Purpose: We propose and assess 2 novel asymmetric Fourier imaging (AFI) techniques, magnitude-based AFI (MagAFI) and MagAFI combined with projection on to convex sets (POCS) (MagAFI+POCS). MagAFI does not require phase information because it uses only the magnitude image with zero-filling. MagAFI+POCS requires phase information but further reduces image errors.

Multicenter Retrospective Study of Adjuvant Therapy for Patients with Pathologically Lymph Node-Positive Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of Covariance Using Propensity Score.

Background: The presence of pathologically positive lymph nodes (pN+) is a well-known prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aims of this retrospective multicenter study were to assess the prognosis of OSCC patients with pN+ disease; to compare the prognosis of patients with pN+ disease who underwent surgery plus radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with that of patients who underwent surgery only; and to account for biases associated with treatment selection of adjuvant RT or CCRT.

Methods: The records of 313 OSCC patients with pN+ disease were retrospectively reviewed.

Tunnel Technique for the Closure of an Oroantral Fistula with a Pedicled Palatal Mucoperiosteal Flap.

Background: Oroantral fistula may develop as a complication of tooth extraction owing to infection, trauma, or removal of maxillary cyst or tumors. Closure by using a palatal mucoperiosteal flap with the greater palatine vessels is a very traditional and basic technique. The palatal mucosa is thick and is firm.

Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) expression predicts metastasis in tongue cancer.

Objective: We evaluated predictive factors for cervical lymph node metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Study Design: We present a retrospective analysis of 90 patients with T1-2 N0 SCC who underwent primary excision as initial treatment without preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. We examined the clinicopathologic factors (gender, age, clinical stage, surgical margin, grade of differentiation, lymphatic invasion, tumor depth of invasion, pattern of invasion [POI]) and immunohistochemical factors (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]-A and VEGF-C expression) to predict the probability of lymph node metastasis.

Postoperative abnormal response of C-reactive protein as an indicator for infectious complications after oral oncologic surgery with primary reconstruction.

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) screening has been reported to be reliable for detection of infectious complications. Postoperative abnormal response of CRP can predict wound infection in colorectal surgery. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of CRP monitoring to detect infectious complications in oral oncologic surgery.

Origin of high E-selectivity in 4-pyrrolidinopyridine-catalyzed tetrasubstituted α,α'-alkenediol: a computational and experimental study.

We have developed 4-pyrrolidinopyridine catalysts for the geometry-selective (E-selective) acylation of tetrasubstituted α,α'-alkenediols. To elucidate the major factors of the high geometry selectivity, experimental and computational studies were carried out. The control experiments with respect to the substituent of the substrate indicated the fundamental hydrogen bonding of the acidic hydrogen of NHNs and the Z-OH in the substrate.

Spindle Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity: the Impact of Chemotherapy on Pulmonary Metastatic Tumor Doubling Time.

Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) an aggressive squamous cell carcinoma, variant, frequently metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and distant organs. Unfortunately, an effective treatment method for oral SpCC distant metastasis has not yet been established. Here we present 2 of oral SpCC cases that showed distant metastases after initial treatment, and 2 that showed distant metastases following during surgery.

Alteration of cell-cell junctions in cultured human lymphatic endothelial cells with inflammatory cytokine stimulation.

Background: To maintain normal function, the lymphatic endothelium is regulated by cell-cell junctions. There have been few studies of lymphatic endothelial cell junctions using standard cell biological methods. This study had two purposes: to characterize cell junctions in cultured lymphatic endothelial cells and to investigate the effects of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α on altered cell-cell junctions.

Absence of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in a patient that underwent neck dissection for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

The congenital absence of a skeletal muscle is a rare cause of congenital muscular torticollis, and the condition is associated with various unusual anatomical structures. We describe a rare case of congenital absence of the sternocleidomastoid muscle associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in a patient who underwent neck dissection. In this case, both the external jugular vein and the spinal accessory nerve were absent.

Inhomogeneous noise correction combined with uniform filter and sensitivity map (INCUS) for multi-coil imaging including parallel imaging.

Purpose: We have developed and assess INCUS (inhomogeneous noise correction combined with uniform filter and sensitivity map), a novel technique to correct spatially inhomogeneous noise in surface-coil-based standard or parallel imaging in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Materials And Methods: We employed a weighted summation of 2 images uniformly filtered with both a strong filter and a weak or no filter to achieve spatially nonuniform filtering by utilizing a coil-sensitivity and/or noise map to give greater weight to the strongly denoised components of the region with lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We compared the image quality and difference between INCUS and standard uniform filter techniques employing several types of linear or nonlinear filter in abdominal or diffusion-weighted brain images each for 1 volunteer acquired on a 1.

The observational study of delayed wound healing after tooth extraction in patients receiving oral bisphosphonate therapy.

Introduction: In this study, we investigated whether such a discontinuation of oral bisphosphonate (BP) for 3 months might influence the incidence of BP-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and wound healing after tooth extraction in patients receiving oral BP therapy.

Material And Methods: There were a total of 434 teeth in 201 patients (18 males and 183 females). The patients were divided into two groups depending on whether or not they underwent a 3-month discontinuation of BP therapy (BP- and BP+) before tooth extraction.

Retrospective study of ameloblastoma: the possibility of conservative treatment.

At our institutions, most cases of the solid or multicystic type were treated as conservatively as possible in order to avoid disadvantages of radical treatment. The aim of present study was to retrospectively analyze the ameloblastoma cases diagnosed at our two institutions, to classify them according to the criteria of the 2005 WHO classification, and to evaluate the possibility of using a conservative approach for the surgical treatment of ameloblastoma. Maxillary cases, unicystic cases, peripheral cases and resection-treated cases were excluded from this study.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma with multiple neck metastases--cases with more than ten pathologically positive lymph nodes in the unilateral side.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to know an outcome of the treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma having more than 10 unilateral pathologically positive lymph nodes (pN)s.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed 212 primary cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma that visited our hospital from January 1999 to December 2011 and underwent resection of the primary tumor with neck dissection. The patients were classified into 3 categories of pN0, pN1-9, and pN ≥ 10 cases, and an outcome of pN ≥ 10 was studied specifically in comparison with the other categories.

Influence of preoperative dental procedures on the prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the gingiva.

Our aim was to investigate the prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the gingiva who had preoperative dental operations. We studied 102 patients who were being operated on for SCC of the gingiva with special reference to the effects of preoperative dental operations on the prognosis. Twenty-six patients had dental procedures such as tooth extraction, or incision, or curettage before they visited our hospital, while the remaining 76 had no such interventions.

Catalyst-controlled reversal of chemoselectivity in acylation of 2-aminopentane-1,5-diol derivatives.

Highly chemo- and regioselective acylation of 2-aminopentane-1,5-diol derivatives has been achieved by organocatalysis. An acyl group can be chemoselectively introduced onto the sterically hindered secondary hydroxy group in the presence of the primary one by virtue of the molecular recognition event of the catalyst.

A new in vitro invasion model for oral cancer using an acellular allogenic dermal matrix (Alloderm): the relationship among in vitro invasion activity, in vivo invasion and metastasis.

The purpose of this study was to develop a new in vitro model of cancer invasion using a human dermal equivalent, AlloDerm®. A squamous cell carcinoma line (HSC-2, HSC-3 and OSC20) and a malignant melanoma line (G361) were cultured on AlloDerm® and evaluated histologically to examine destruction of the basement membrane and invasion into the dermis of AlloDerm®. HSC-3 and G361 cells invaded through the basement membrane of AlloDerm® at 21-28 days after seeding, while HSC-2 and OSC20 cells did not.

A new in vitro model of cancer invasion using AlloDerm, a human cadaveric dermal equivalent: a preliminary report.

Objectives: The first stage in the metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity involves the destruction of the basement membrane and invasion into the submucosal tissue. The purpose of this study is to develop a new in vitro model of cancer invasion using a human dermal equivalent, AlloDerm.

Study Design: Normal epithelial cells from a gingiva and a SCC line originating from human tongue cancer (HSC-3 and 4 cells) were cultured on AlloDerm, and composites of these cells and AlloDerm were evaluated histologically by HE staining and immunostaining with anti-laminin and type IV collagen antibodies.