Incidence, etiology, and outcome of hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with acute exacerbation of fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.

Background: Acute exacerbations (AEs) of fibrotic idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (fIIP) that require hospitalization occur in some patients. During hospitalization, these patients can develop hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), a common hospital-acquired infection with a high mortality rate. However, the characteristics of HAP in AE-fIIP remain unknown.

Clinical implications of bronchoscopy for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The utility of bronchoscopy for patients with suspected immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pneumonitis is currently debatable. The purpose of this study was to examine the findings of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) analysis and transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with ICI-related pneumonitis, and to elucidate the clinical significance of bronchoscopy for this health condition.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive NSCLC patients treated with ICIs, diagnosed with ICI-related pneumonitis after undergoing bronchoscopy between October 2015 and March 2019 were retrospectively screened.

Dinitropyrenes induce gene mutations in multiple organs of the lambda/lacZ transgenic mouse (Muta Mouse).

Dinitropyrenes (DNPs), 1,3-, 1,6- and 1,8-dinitropyrene, are carcinogenic compounds found in diesel engine exhaust. DNPs are strongly mutagenic in the bacterial mutation assay (Ames test), mainly inducing frameshift type mutations. To assess mutagenicity of DNPs in vivo is important in evaluating their possible involvement in diesel exhaust-induced carcinogenesis in human.