Muscle fibre distribution in forelimb, hindlimb and trunk muscles in three bat species: The little Japanese horseshoe, greater horseshoe and Egyptian fruit.

This study characterised muscle fibres in trunk, forelimb and hindlimb muscles of three bat species: little Japanese horseshoe (Rhinolophus cornutus), greater horseshoe (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) and Egyptian fruit (Rousettus aegyptiacus). Twenty-seven muscles from trunk, forelimb and hindlimb were dissected, weighed and analysed by immunohistochemistry and sodium didecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and determined their cross-sectional areas (CSA). Results showed that Type IIa and Type IIa/x made the highest proportion of total muscle mass.

Tethered cord syndrome with spina bifida aperta in cats: two case reports of different types.

Case Summary: Two castrated male cats, aged 8 months old (case 1) and 10 months old (case 2), showed a history of progressive paraparesis, an over-reaching pelvic limb gait, urinary incontinence and a palpable dermoid fistula. In case 1, the fistula was connected to the dural sac on the conus medullaris, and the tethered spinal cord was retracted caudally. In case 2, the tubular structure was connected to the dural sac on the thoracic spinal cord, and the tethered spinal cord was retracted dorsally.

Detection of oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid from German Shepherd dogs with degenerative myelopathy by isoelectric focusing and immunofixation.

Background: Detection of intrathecal IgG synthesis is important in evaluating inflammatory diseases in the central nervous system. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is currently the most sensitive method to demonstrate intrathecal IgG synthesis and may have diagnostic value for German Shepherd degenerative myelopathy (GSDM).

Objective: The objective of this study was to adapt a modified IEF and immunofixation method for the detection of oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from dogs with GSDM.

Measurement of myelin basic protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with degenerative myelopathy.

Background: Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is part of a routine clinical workup in veterinary patients when neurologic disease is suspected. However, knowledge of particular protein markers of disease in CSF is limited. The concentration of myelin basic protein (MBP) in CSF is used as a biochemical marker in humans to evaluate demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS).

Expression of neural markers on bone marrow-derived canine mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective: To evaluate cell surface markers of bone marrow-derived canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by use of flow cytometric analysis and determine whether canine MSCs express proteins specific to neuronal and glial cells.

Sample Population: Bone marrow aspirates collected from iliac crests of 5 cadavers of young adult dogs.

Procedures: Flow cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate cell surface markers and homogeneity of third-passage MSCs.