Phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II by CDKC;2 Maintains the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock Period.

The circadian clock is an internal timekeeping system that governs about 24 h biological rhythms of a broad range of developmental and metabolic activities. The clocks in eukaryotes are thought to rely on lineage-specific transcriptional-translational feedback loops. However, the mechanisms underlying the basic transcriptional regulation events for clock function have not yet been fully explored.

Functional hypophysectomy simply by neck-strangulation in the rat: applications for ACTH and LH assays.

The classical methods for hypophysectomy require a long training-period and at the end of each experiment, it is required to check any undue remnant of the hypophyseal tissue in the sella turcica, and there must be exclusion of such datum with the remnant from the experimental group. The present method for functional hypophysectomy by neck-strangulation in the rat is very simple to perform so that even an experimenter with little experience can become easily accustomed to the technique and obtain a number of functionally hypophysectomized preparations at any time he intends, with no need to check the remnant. The cerebral blood circulation of vertebrally dislocated rats was immediately intercepted by means of neck-strangulation and artificially respired.