Effects of pest control on a food chain in patchy environment: Species-dependent activity range on multilayer graphs.

Ecosystems on earth are strongly affected by human life. We pay attention to pest control in a patchy environment. To date, many authors have reported the indeterminacy in pest control.

Metapopulation dynamics in the rock-paper-scissors game with mutation: Effects of time-varying migration paths.

Migration paths of animals are rarely the same. The paths may change according to seasonal and circadian rhythms. We study the effect of temporal migration on population dynamics of rock-paper-scissors (RPS) games with mutation by using the metapopulation dynamic model with two patches.

Metapopulation model of rock-scissors-paper game with subpopulation-specific victory rates stabilized by heterogeneity.

Recently, metapopulation models for rock-paper-scissors games have been presented. Each subpopulation is represented by a node on a graph. An individual is either rock (R), scissors (S) or paper (P); it randomly migrates among subpopulations.

Asymptotic stability of a modified Lotka-Volterra model with small immigrations.

Predator-prey systems have been studied intensively for over a hundred years. These studies have demonstrated that the dynamics of Lotka-Volterra (LV) systems are not stable, that is, exhibiting either cyclic oscillation or divergent extinction of one species. Stochastic versions of the deterministic cyclic oscillations also exhibit divergent extinction.

Heterogeneous network promotes species coexistence: metapopulation model for rock-paper-scissors game.

Understanding mechanisms of biodiversity has been a central question in ecology. The coexistence of three species in rock-paper-scissors (RPS) systems are discussed by many authors; however, the relation between coexistence and network structure is rarely discussed. Here we present a metapopulation model for RPS game.

Epidemics of random walkers in metapopulation model for complete, cycle, and star graphs.

We present the metapopulation dynamic model for epidemic spreading of random walkers between subpopulations. A subpopulation is represented by a node on a graph. Each agent or individual is either susceptible (S) or infected (I).

Metapopulation model for rock-paper-scissors game: Mutation affects paradoxical impacts.

The rock-paper-scissors (RPS) game is known as one of the simplest cyclic dominance models. This game is key to understanding biodiversity. Three species, rock (R), paper (P) and scissors (S), can coexist in nature.

Multi-species coexistence in Lotka-Volterra competitive systems with crowding effects.

Classical Lotka-Volterra (LV) competition equation has shown that coexistence of competitive species is only possible when intraspecific competition is stronger than interspecific competition, i.e., the species inhibit their own growth more than the growth of the other species.

Effect of directional migration on Lotka-Volterra system with desert.

Migration is observed across many species. Several authors have studied ecological migration by applying cellular automaton (CA). In this paper, we present a directional migration model with desert on a one-dimensional lattice where a traffic CA model and a lattice Lotka-Volterra system are connected.

Lattice gas simulation of experimentally studied evacuation dynamics.

We study the evacuation process from a classroom by means of experiments and simulations. The evacuation of students from a classroom is observed by video cameras, and the escape time of each student is measured. Our experimental results are compared with simulations based on a lattice gas model of pedestrian flows.

Experiment, theory, and simulation of the evacuation of a room without visibility.

We study the evacuation process from a smoky room by means of experiments and simulations. People in a dark or smoky room are mimicked by "blind" students wearing eye masks. The evacuation of the disoriented students from the room is observed by video cameras, and the escape time of each student is measured.

Fluctuation of riding passengers induced by chaotic motions of shuttle buses.

We study the fluctuation of the number of riding passengers in a few shuttle buses that pass each other freely. We present a dynamical model of the shuttle buses that takes into account the maximum capacity of a bus. The dynamics of the buses is expressed in terms of a coupled nonlinear map with noise.

Chaotic and periodic motions of a cyclic bus induced by speedup.

We study the effect of speedup on the dynamical behavior of a single cyclic bus in a bus system with many bus stops. We present a nonlinear-map model of a cyclic bus to take into account the speedup. When the cyclic bus is delayed, the bus speeds up to retrieve the delay.