Okadaic acid is taken-up into the cells mediated by human hepatocytes transporter OATP1B3.

Okadaic acid is known as a diarrheal shellfish poison. It is thought that there is no specific target organ for okadaic acid after it has been absorbed into the body. However, the details of its pharmacokinetics are still unknown.

Naringin attenuates the cytotoxicity of hepatotoxin microcystin-LR by the curious mechanisms to OATP1B1- and OATP1B3-expressing cells.

Microcystin-LR, which is an inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatase (PP)1 and PP2A, induces liver injury by its selective uptake system into the hepatocyte. It is also thought that microcystin-LR induces reactive oxygen species (ROS). We tried to establish the chemical prevention of microcystin-LR poisoning.

Modulating the immobilization process of Au nanoparticles on TiO2(110) by electrostatic interaction between the surface and ionic liquids.

We found that the adsorption states of Au nanoparticles (NPs) on TiO(2)(110) varied with the ionic liquids (ILs) that encapsulate the NPs during the entire process from synthesis of NPs to immobilization of the NPs on the surface at 323 K. Five kinds of ILs, including three 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ([C(4)MIm]) cation-based ILs of tetrafluoroborate ([C(4)MIm][BF(4)]), hexafluorophosphate ([C(4)MIm][PF(6)]) and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([C(4)MIm][NTf(2)]), and two [BF(4)] anion-based ILs of 1-(methoxymethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidinium ([PY1,1O1][BF(4)]) and N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl) ammonium ([N122,1O2][BF(4)]), were used. They provided different adsorption states of the Au NPs on the surface.

Size control and immobilization of gold nanoparticles stabilized in an ionic liquid on glass substrates for plasmonic applications.

Gold (Au) nanoparticles were prepared by sputter deposition of Au metal in an ionic liquid (IL) of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMI-PF6). The size of Au nanoparticles was increased from 2.6 to 4.