Minimum and early high-energy sonication protocol of MR-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for low-skull density ratio patients with essential tremor and Parkinson's disease.

Objective: MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy is an incisionless neurosurgical treatment for patients with medically refractory essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease. A low skull density ratio (SDR) < 0.40 is a known risk factor for treatment failure.

Intraventricular pituicytoma: illustrative case.

Background: Pituicytoma is a rare glial neoplasm from pituicytes of the neurohypophysis or infundibulum. It occurs in the sella and suprasellar area, and it is extremely uncommon to observe intraventricular pituicytoma without affecting the infundibulum or infundibular recess.

Observations: A 69-year-old man had suffered progressive dementia for 6 months.

Antioxidant Activity of Ge-132, a Synthetic Organic Germanium, on Cultured Mammalian Cells.

Ge-132 is a synthetic organic germanium that is used as a dietary supplement. The antioxidant activity of Ge-132 on cultured mammalian cells was investigated in this study. First, Ge-132 cytotoxicity on mammalian cultured cells was determined by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels.

Electromyographic measurement of eating behaviors for buckwheat noodles.

The objective of this study was to analyze human eating behaviors in chewing and slurping buckwheat noodles. We used electromyography to measure the activity of the jaw-closing, jaw-opening, and lip-closing muscles while healthy adults ate one mouthful of buckwheat noodles. Slurping the noodles required a longer mastication period but smaller muscle activity per movement than chewing the same samples.