Postoperative Bladder Neck to Pubic Symphysis Ratio Predictive for De Novo Overactive Bladder after Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy.

Background: The aim was to investigate the incidence and clinical predictive factors of de novo overactive bladder (OAB) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), including a Retzius-sparing (RS) approach, in the same period at a single institution.

Methods: Of a total of 113 patients with localized prostate cancer, 81 received conventional RARP (CON-RARP) and 32 received RS-RARP at our institution. The basic characteristics data of patients and self-assessment questionnaires, including IPSS and OABSS, were obtained preoperatively and 1, 3, and 6 months after RARP.

A Multicenter, Prospective, Non-randomized Study Evaluating Surgical hand Preparation between Double-Gloving and Single-Gloving for Preventing Postoperative Infection in Robotic and Laparoscopic Minimally Invasive Surgeries.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze a feasible and suitable surgical precautionary preparatory technique. The techniques of double-gloving with hygienic hand wash (DH) and single-gloving with surgical hand wash (SS) were compared for their ability to prevent postoperative infection in robotic and laparoscopic minimally invasive surgeries.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, non-randomized, multicenter study was conducted between January 2016 and June 2020.

Pelviureteric junction obstruction of the ipsilateral kidney caused by hydronephrosis secondary to crossed fused renal ectopia.

Introduction: Crossed fused renal ectopia is rare and usually asymptomatic. However, it is associated with urological anomalies.

Case Presentation: A 15-year-old Japanese boy was transported to our hospital with right abdominal pain and hematuria after a soccer ball hit his right abdomen.

Efficacy of ultrasound monitoring during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: A multi-institutional propensity score-matched study.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-assisted monitoring during shock wave lithotripsy for kidney and proximal ureteral calculi.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 535 patients who initially underwent shock wave lithotripsy for renal or proximal ureteral calculi between January 2012 and December 2021. The patients were divided into the X-ray group (n = 294) and ultrasound plus X-ray group (n = 241) based on the methods of targeting and monitoring calculi during shock wave lithotripsy.

Status epilepticus in a patient with intractable epilepsy caused by renal colic due to a ureter stone.

Introduction: Epilepsy has a variety of seizure-inducing factors. Epileptic seizures caused by renal colic are extremely rare.

Case Presentation: A 22-year-old woman with intractable epilepsy was brought to our hospital as an emergency case, because of vomiting and status epilepticus.

Change in the central control of the bladder function of rats with focal cerebral infarction induced by photochemically-induced thrombosis.

The photochemically-induced thrombosis (photothrombosis) method can create focal cerebral infarcts anywhere in the relatively superficial layers of the cerebrum; it is easy to implement and minimally invasive. Taking advantage of this versatility, we aimed to establish a new rat model of urinary frequency with focal cerebral infarction, which was characterized by its simplicity, nonlethal nature, and high reproducibility. The prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex, which are involved in lower urinary tract control, were targeted for focal cerebral infarction, and urinary parameters were measured by cystometrogram.

Risk Factors for Failure of Endoscopic Management of Stone-related Ureteral Strictures.

Purpose: To investigate factors determining the outcomes of endoscopic management for stone-related ureteral stricture.

Materials And Methods: Data of patients who underwent endoscopic surgery for ureteral stricture due to stones from January 2016 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. We compared cases successfully treated with endoscopic surgery with cases that resulted in failure.

Antireflux endoscopic injection therapy in post-pubertal patients via techniques adopted for the dilated ureteral orifice: a retrospective single-center study.

Background: To investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic injection therapy for vesicoureteral reflux in post-pubertal patients with dilated ureteral orifice via modified hydrodistension implantation techniques.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records including operational procedure and clinical course of all consecutive patients over 12 years old with a history of injection therapy. Endoscopic injection of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer was performed under hydrodistension implantation technique with some modifications in order to inject through dilated ureteral orifice align with the intramural ureter.

Pelvic Anatomical Features After Retzius-Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy Intended for Early Recovery of Urinary Symptoms.

To elucidate factors contributing to early urinary continence recovery after retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) by evaluating postoperative pelvic anatomical features between RS-RARP and conventional RARP (CON-RARP). We retrospectively examined 50 men who underwent RS-RARP ( = 25; the RS-RARP group) and CON-RARP ( = 25; the CON-RARP group) between October 2017 and June 2018. Perioperative outcomes and postoperative urinary continence were assessed in both groups.

Microscopic pulmonary tumor embolism from adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Introduction: Microscopic pulmonary tumor embolisms from prostate cancer are extremely rare. In this case of prostate cancer, microscopic pulmonary tumor embolism developed during androgen deprivation therapy.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old man was diagnosed with prostate cancer and underwent androgen deprivation therapy.

Anagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, improved bladder function and hemodynamics in rats with bilateral internal iliac artery ligation.

Aims: To investigate the effect of anagliptin (Ana), a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, on acute ischemia-induced bladder dysfunction in rats.

Methods: Eight-week-old female Wistar-ST rats were randomly assigned into four groups: (a) sham; (b) ligation (Lig); (c) Lig + Ana; and (d) Lig + Liraglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1] receptor agonist; Lira). Rats in the Lig, Lig + Ana, and Lig + Lira groups underwent ligature of the bilateral internal iliac arteries.

A pilot study of gemcitabine and paclitaxel as third-line chemotherapy in metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

We evaluated the effectiveness of gemcitabine and paclitaxel therapy in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma for whom two lines of sequential chemotherapy had been unsuccessful. A total number of 105 patients who had previously received first-line chemotherapy consisting of gemcitabine and cisplatin or carboplatin, were treated with second-line gemcitabine and docetaxel therapy between June 2006 and May 2015. Of these patients, 15 with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status of 0 or 1 were administered gemcitabine and paclitaxel as third-line treatment from 2013 after failure of the second-line therapy.

High salt loading induces urinary storage dysfunction via upregulation of epithelial sodium channel alpha in the bladder epithelium in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

We aimed to investigate whether high salt intake affects bladder function via epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by using Dahl salt-resistant (DR) and salt-sensitive (DS) rats. Bladder weight of DR + high-salt diet (HS, 8% NaCl) and DS + HS groups were significantly higher than those of DR + normal-salt diet (NS, 0.3% NaCl) and DS + NS groups after one week treatment.

A kit ligand, stem cell factor as a possible mediator inducing overactive bladder.

Objective: To investigate whether c-kit ligand, stem cell factor (SCF) affects the biological behavior of overactive bladder (OAB) and discuss the role of SCF as a possible mediator inducing OAB.

Materials And Methods: First, we performed an immunohistochemical study to examine the localization of SCF in the guinea pig and human bladder. Next, urinary SCF levels were measured in patients with OAB and in control subjects to evaluate a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of OAB.

A New Navigation System of Renal Puncture for Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery: Real-time Virtual Sonography-guided Renal Access.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical utility of a new navigation technique for percutaneous renal puncture using real-time virtual sonography (RVS) during endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery.

Materials And Methods: Thirty consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery for renal calculi, between April 2014 and July 2015, were divided into the RVS-guided puncture (RVS; n = 15) group and the ultrasonography-guided puncture (US; n = 15) group. In the RVS group, renal puncture was repeated until precise piercing of a papilla was achieved under direct endoscopic vision, using the RVS system to synchronize the real-time US image with the preoperative computed tomography image.

Two-year-old girl with impacted ureteral stone successfully treated with a single session of combined percutaneous nephrostomy and ureteroscopy.

Impacted stones frequently cause changes in the ureter, including edema of the ureteral wall, stone embedding in the ureteral mucosa or ureteral bending, which often preclude spontaneous passing of the stone and increase the risk of complications during surgery. When stone impaction is suspected preoperatively, management should be adapted accordingly. However, surgical treatment strategies remain controversial in pediatric patients because of the scarcity of cases reported.

Mineralocorticoid receptor stimulation induces urinary storage dysfunction via upregulation of epithelial sodium channel expression in the rat urinary bladder epithelium.

We aimed to evaluate mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) expression in rat bladder and the physiological role of the MR-epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) pathway in controlling bladder function in 10-12-week-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats. First, we examined the mRNA expression of MR and localization of MR and ENaC-α proteins in the urinary bladder. MR mRNA expression was observed in untreated-rat urinary bladders, and MR and ENaC-α proteins were localized in the epithelium.

Laparoscopic Versus Open Radical Cystectomy for Patients Older than 75 Years: a Single-Center Comparative Analysis.

Background: To explore the safety, efficacy, and oncological outcome of 3-port laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) compared to open radical cystectomy (ORC) in patients older than 75 years.

Materials And Methods: From June 2010 to July 2014, we analyzed 16 radical cystectomies in patients older than 75 years (LRC group=8; ORC group=8). Demographic parameters, operative variables, and perioperative outcome in the 2 groups were retrospectively collected, analyzed, and compared.

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Kidney and Bladder with Loss of Heterozygosity and Changes in Chromosome 3 Copy Number.

Background: Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) of the urological organs are observed occasionally, although simultaneous development in the kidney and blabber has not been reported.

Case Report: We report a case of a metastatic NEC of the kidney and bladder in a 77-year-old woman who underwent renal biopsy and transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. Pathological examination revealed NEC in the kidney and the bladder samples.

Interleukin-18 may lead to benign prostatic hyperplasia via thrombospondin-1 production in prostatic smooth muscle cells.

Background: Although inflammation plays an important role in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), little is known about the exact mechanism underlying this pathogenesis. Here, we investigated the relationship between the inflammatory reaction and BPH.

Methods: cDNA microarray analysis was used to identify changes in inflammation-related gene expression in a recently established rat model that mimics human BPH.

Bladder neck sling suspension during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy to improve early return of urinary continence: a comparative analysis.

Objective: To present our experience of a novel technique, bladder neck sling suspension technique, in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and evaluate its efficacy for improving early continence outcomes after RARP in comparison with that of the standard technique.

Methods: Fifty-seven consecutive patients underwent RARP between August 2011 and April 2012. We performed RARP with and without bladder neck sling suspension technique for 27 (sling group) and 30 (nonsling group) patients, respectively, and compared the urinary outcome between the groups.

Long-term survival of a patient with invasive signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder managed by combined s-1 and Cisplatin adjuvant chemotherapy.

Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is extremely rare and patient survival is very poor. The disease usually presents at advanced stages because the cancer progresses rapidly. The only option for effective treatment is radical cystectomy, and no effective chemotherapy has been established for this variant.

Regulation of cell proliferation through a KIT-mediated mechanism in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Background: We investigated the role of the KIT-mediated mechanism in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and discuss the pathophysiology of BPH and a candidate target of BPH medical therapy.

Methods: We performed RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of KIT in the prostate using a human prostate stromal cell line (PrSC) and human prostate. To investigate the pathophysiological function of KIT, the effects of KIT ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), and imatinib mesylate on cell proliferation were investigated using PrSC.