Reactivation of Anticancer Immunity by Resetting Interorgan Crosstalk in Immune-Suppressive Cells with a Nanoparticulated Anti-Inflammatory Drug.

The reactivation of anticancer immunity is a fundamental principle in cancer immunotherapy as evidenced by the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). While treatment with the ICIs is shown to have remarkable and durable therapeutic effects in the responders, the low objective response rate (<40%) continues to be a major problem. Since myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), heterogenous cells with strong immunosuppressive activity that originate in the hematopoietic system, suppress the anticancer immunity via parallel immune checkpoint-dependent and independent pathways, these cells are potential targets for improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.