Recent advances in the treatment of oral ulcerative mucositis from clinical and basic perspectives.

Background: Oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM) is common in patients with cancer, particularly in those undergoing chemoradiation therapy. The effective management of OUM is crucial for continuous cancer care and patient well-being. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the causes, leading to clinical trials toward novel treatments.

The combination of volumetric arc radiation therapy and boost high-dose rate interstitial brachytherapy for T3N2c tongue cancer: a technical report.

Currently, tongue cancers are primarily managed by surgery, and interstitial brachytherapy is only recommended for a selected group of early state T1-2N0 patients who refuse surgery or are medically inoperable. In this report, a case with T3N2cM0 tongue cancer who has been effectively treated by the combination of concurrent chemoradiotherapy involving volumetric arc therapy and boost high-dose rate interstitial brachytherapy is presented. Of course, surgery remains the main treatment strategy for tongue cancer patients; however, the authors believe that if volumetric arc therapy is carefully planned to reduce the mandible dose as much as possible and high-dose rate interstitial brachytherapy with a mouthpiece that protects the mandible is combined, it is possible to treat T3N2 disease, and this can be considered for patients who want to preserve organ function.

J-SUPPORT research policy for oral mucositis associated with cancer treatment.

Background: Oral mucositis is one of the main areas of research in supportive and palliative care of cancer patients. However, the methodology of prospective clinical trials on oral mucositis has not been established, despite its uniqueness. Here, we propose a novel research policy on oral mucositis, including an implementable set of recommendations for researchers conducting clinical trials.

The Japanese Herbal Medicine Hangeshashinto Induces Oral Keratinocyte Migration by Mediating the Expression of CXCL12 Through the Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase.

Several clinical studies have reported that Japanese herbal medicine Hangeshashinto (HST) has beneficial effects on chemotherapy-induced oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM). Our previous research demonstrated that HST improves chemotherapy-induced OUM through human oral keratinocyte (HOK) migration, which was suppressed by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) inhibitors. However, the association between these molecules and HOK migration was unclear.

Hybrid Intracavitary-Interstitial brachytherapy in a case of nasal vestibule cancer penetrating the hard palate.

Because of its rarity, no standard therapy exists for localized squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal vestibule. Interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) is reported to be a preferable treatment modality of choice for early-stage localized nasal vestibule cancer. In this report, a nasal vestibule cancer with hard palate invasion (T3) was treated by definitive radiation therapy.

Feasibility and usefulness of recommended screenings at long-term follow-up clinics for hematopoietic cell transplant survivors.

Purpose: Advances in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) have resulted in a growing number of transplant survivors; however, long-term survivors are at risk of developing late complications, and published guidelines recommend screening of this population. We conducted a single-center prospective study to evaluate the adherence to and usefulness of recommended screenings at a long-term follow-up (LTFU) clinic.

Methods: We included consecutive patients who received allo-HCT at our center from 2014, as well as post-HCT patients visiting our outpatient clinic.

Time-Course of Salivary Metabolomic Profiles during Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer.

Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most frequently observed adverse oral events in radiation therapy for patients with head and neck cancer. Thus, objective evaluation of OM severity is needed for early and timely intervention. Here, we analyzed the time-course of salivary metabolomic profiles during the radiation therapy.

Effects of oral moisturizing gel containing propolis following head and neck radiotherapy: randomized controlled pilot trial.

Aim: Topical administration of oral gel may reduce radiotherapy-related oral complications. The aim of this study was to examine clinical and microbiological effects of self-administration of different gel formulations to oral mucosa in head and neck cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-seven subjects were recruited from outpatients who underwent radiotherapy of at least 50 Gy to the head and neck area.

A cost-minimization analysis of measures against metallic dental restorations for head and neck radiotherapy.

The aim of this study was to compare the estimated public medical care cost of measures to address metallic dental restorations (MDRs) for head and neck radiotherapy using high-energy mega-voltage X-rays. This was considered a first step to clarify which MDR measure was more cost-effective. We estimated the medical care cost of radiotherapy for two representative MDR measures: (i) with MDR removal or (ii) without MDR removal (non-MDR removal) using magnetic resonance imaging and a spacer.

Validation of a Novel 'Supportive Oral Care Protocol' (SOCP), a Model for Care in Head and Neck Cancer Patients at Tertiary Cancer Centre in India.

India has a huge burden of head and neck cancer and specifically oral cancer. Supportive oral care is not a standard of care in our population and is often neglected. Currently, there are no specific guidelines for such care in India which could be followed.

Prognostic impact of immunohistopathologic features in definitive radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal cancer patients.

Our previous study by Murakami N, Mori T, Nakamura S, Yoshimoto S, Honma Y, Ueno T, Kobayashi K, Kashihara T, Takahashi K, Inaba K, Okuma K, Igaki H, Nakayama Y, Itami J. (J Radiat Res. 2019 Jul 30.

Metabolomic profiling reveals salivary hypotaurine as a potential early detection marker for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare but serious adverse event of bone-modifying agents used to prevent bone complications in cancer patients with bone metastasis. Currently, early treatment is the only way to prevent further progression, as the pathogenesis of MRONJ has not yet been elucidated, and a standard treatment has not been established. The aim of this study was to identify a marker for early detection marker of MRONJ by exploring substances in saliva specific to MRONJ at an early stage.

Prognostic value of the expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecules in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by definitive radiotherapy.

A reliable biomarker can contribute to appropriate treatment selection in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Recently, epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was shown to have prognostic features in several malignancies. However, it remains to be elucidated whether EpCAM predicts prognosis of HNSCC after radiotherapy.

Treatment for Cancer Patients with Oral Mucositis: Assessment Based on the Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer in International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) in 2013 and Proposal of Possible Novel Treatment with a Japanese Herbal Medicine.

The cancer patients who received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplant and terminal care often have a wide range of stomatitis, which induces severe pain and limits fundamental life behaviors such as "eating, drinking and talking". In addition, oral mucositis frequently leads to systemic infection through opportunistic microorganisms, which causes extension of hospitalization. Severe oral mucositis often causes cancer patients to partially or completely discontinue/modify cancer therapy regimen, which adversely affects the curative effects of cancer.

FeCl3-mediated synthesis of fullerenyl esters as low-LUMO acceptors for organic photovoltaic devices.

C(60) reacted with aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids in the presence of inexpensive FeCl(3) at room temperature to produce hydroxyfullerenyl esters C(60)(OCOR)(OH) in up to 68% isolated yield. The hydroxyl group was utilized in functional group transformations to obtain a diester derivative C(60)(OCOAr)(OCOPh) (Ar = 2,6-xylyl) and a siloxyl derivative C(60)(OCOAr)(OSiMe(3)). The diester and siloxyl derivatives were found to possess low-lying LUMO levels were utilized in organic photovoltaic devices showing 1.