Ocular Accommodative and Pupillary Responses During Fixation on Augmented Reality With a Maxwellian Display.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the changes in ocular refraction and pupillary diameter during fixation on augmented reality (AR) images using a Maxwellian display.

Methods: Twenty-two healthy young volunteers (average age, 20.7 ± 0.

Capacitance Determination for the Evaluation of Electrochemically Active Surface Area in a Catalyst Layer of NiFe-Layered Double Hydroxides for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser.

The determination of the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of a catalyst layer (CL) of a non-precious metal catalyst is of fundamental importance in optimizing the design of a durable CL for anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis, but has yet to be developed. Traditional double layer capacitance (C), measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV), is not suitable for the estimation of the ECSA due to the nonconductive nature of Ni-based oxides and hydroxides in the non-Faradaic region. This paper analyses the applicability of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) compared to CV in determining capacitances for the estimation of the ECSA of AEM-based CLs in an aqueous KOH electrolyte solution.

An Elderly Patient Developed Ulcerative Colitis after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

An 86-year-old man presented to our hospital with symptoms of diarrhea and bloody stool, which had manifested two weeks after receiving his third severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 mRNA vaccination. Colonoscopy revealed diffuse, rough-surfaced mucosa extending from the ascending colon to the rectum. Despite attempting probiotic treatment, the patient's condition did not improve, leading to admission.

Analysis of smooth pursuit eye movements in a clinical context by tracking the target and eyes.

In the evaluation of smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEMs), recording the stimulus onset time is mandatory. In the laboratory, the stimulus onset time is recorded by electrical signal or programming, and video-oculography (VOG) and the visual stimulus are synchronized. Nevertheless, because the examiner must manually move the fixation target, recording the stimulus onset time is challenging in daily clinical practice.

Comparisons of size of foveal avascular zone area among children with posterior microphthalmos, high hyperopia, and normal eyes.

Purpose: To determine the area of the surface foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in children with posterior microphthalmos (PM), high hyperopia, and normal eyes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Thirty-six children were studied including 6 cases 12 eyes of PM (mean age 9.5 ± 5.

Refractive changes with post-rotatory nystagmus in healthy individuals.

Purpose: Post-rotatory nystagmus has been used to detect autism spectrum disorders in clinical settings. Although previous studies have focused on eye movements, they did not evaluate the change in ocular refraction during post-rotatory nystagmus. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in ocular refraction during post-rotatory nystagmus in healthy individuals.

Automatic Recording of the Target Location During Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Testing Using Video-Oculography and Deep Learning-Based Object Detection.

Purpose: To accurately record the movements of a hand-held target together with the smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEMs) elicited with video-oculography (VOG) combined with deep learning-based object detection using a single-shot multibox detector (SSD).

Methods: The SPEMs of 11 healthy volunteers (21.3 ± 0.

Effect of color information on the diagnostic performance of glaucoma in deep learning using few fundus images.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the convolutional neural network (CNN) model in glaucoma identification with three primary colors (red, green, blue; RGB) and split color channels using fundus photographs with a small sample size.

Methods: The dataset was prepared using color fundus photographs captured with a fundus camera (VX-10i, Kowa Co., Ltd.

Incidence of side effects of topical atropine sulfate and cyclopentolate hydrochloride for cycloplegia in Japanese children: a multicenter study.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence rate and side effects of topical atropine sulfate and cyclopentolate hydrochloride for cycloplegia in children aged 15 years or under.

Methods: This prospective study had been conducted at 9 institutions between April 1, 2016 and March 31, 2017 in patients 15 years old or younger who received either atropine or cyclopentolate for refraction assessment. The investigation included patient's age, symptoms, and whether patients with side effects had any systemic diseases.

Evaluation of newly-developed aniseikonia testing method based on space eikonometry.

Background: We have developed a new aniseikonia testing method based on the space eikonometry (ATSE) principle. The purpose of this study was to compare aniseikonia obtained by the ATSE to that of the conventional new aniseikonia tests (NAT), which is commonly used in Japan.

Methods: Thirty normal subjects (mean age: 22.

[Viewing 3D stereoscopic images in children and adults with and without strabismus: multicenter study in Japan].

Purpose: To investigate the ability of patients with strabismus and/or amblyopia to see 3D images.

Methods: A questionnaire survey conducted for children aged 6 to 19 years and adults aged 20 to 39 years on their experience of viewing 3D images (movies, motion attractions, television, games), asking whether they could see stereoscopically, with or without adverse effects. A retrospective investigation of ophthalmological examinations was followed.

Inhibitory effects of carbon dioxide insufflation on pneumoperitoneum and bowel distension after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Aim: To evaluate the inhibitory effects of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) insufflation on pneumoperitoneum and bowel distension after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG).

Methods: A total of 73 consecutive patients who were undergoing PEG were enrolled in our study. After eliminating 13 patients who fitted our exclusion criteria, 60 patients were randomly assigned to either CO(2) (30 patients) or air insufflation (30 patients) groups.

[Cetuximab-associated skin ulceration in patient with metastatic colorectal cancer: a case report].

An 82-year-old female was diagnosed with rectal cancer. Hartmann's procedure was performed and a curative resection was successfully achieved. Postoperative staging according to the classification of the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum(The 7th Edition)was stage III.

Retrospective analyses of complications associated with transcutaneous replacement of percutaneous gastrostomy and jejunostomy feeding devices.

Background: Feeding device replacement is often required for long-term maintenance after initial percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy or jejunostomy placement. Although there are several case reports on serious complications of gastrostomy device replacement, there are few reports of an overall analysis of the complications associated with feeding device replacement.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency and variety of complications of transcutaneous replacement of feeding devices.

Predominant copper deficiency during prolonged enteral nutrition through a jejunostomy tube compared to that through a gastrostomy tube.

Background & Aims: Trace element deficiencies are known to occur during long-term enteral nutrition feeding. We compared the serum concentrations of trace elements between patients treated with gastrostomy and those treated with jejunostomy.

Methods: Our subjects were 36 patients who underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG group) and 23 patients who underwent percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (PEJ group) and were maintained with enteral tube feeding for more than one year.

[A case of cardiac sarcoidosis occurring during combination therapy by IFN alpha and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C].

A 72-year-old woman received combination therapy with peginterferon alpha and ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Approximately 40 weeks after starting treatment, she developed an eruption in the left inner canthus and sarcoidosis was diagnosed after biopsy of the eruption. Combination therapy was discontinued, and further detailed examinations revealed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, uveitis, and complete atrioventricular block.

Clinical investigation of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is sometimes reported as one of the serious complications. Our purpose was to clarify the cause of upper GI hemorrhage after PEG.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively investigated the causes of upper GI hemorrhage among a total of 416 patients out of 426 consecutive patients who underwent PEG in our institution, excluding 10 patients who showed upper GI tumors on PEG placement.

Inhibition of gastroesophageal reflux by semi-solid nutrients in patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Background: Aspiration is one of the major complications after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). The administration of semi-solid nutrients by means of gastrostomy tube has recently been reported to be effective in preventing aspiration pneumonia. The effects of semi-solid nutrients on gastroesophageal reflux, intragastric distribution, and gastric emptying were evaluated.

Absolute calibration of microfission chamber in JT-60U.

We have conducted calibrations of a microfission chamber, which was installed between the vacuum vessel and the toroidal field coils, by both a Cf-252 neutron source and real deuterium plasmas in JT-60U. The detector employs both pulse counting and Campbell (mean square voltage) modes in the electronics to cover a wide dynamic range of the neutron source strength. The pulse counting and Campbell modes were calibrated by Cf-252 and deuterium plasmas, respectively.

A case of acute gastroduodenitis with cytomegalovirus infection in a healthy adult.

A 33-year-old man with epigastralgia was admitted. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed gastric fold hypertrophy, mucosal hemorrhage, and widespread erosion in the stomach and aphthoid erosion in the duodenum. The presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies positively stained with anti-cytomegalovirus antibody from the biopsy specimens indicated that the gastroduodenitis was related to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

Clinical analysis of gastroesophageal reflux after PEG.

Background: It is difficult to predict whether or not gastroesophageal reflux (GER), such as aspiration or vomiting, will occur after PEG.

Objective: To identify factors that would support the prediction of aspiration after PEG.

Design: Case-control study.