Public Knowledge and Attitude of Caregivers Regarding Leftover Medications for Children under 6 Years of Age in Japan: A Descriptive Study on a Nationwide Exploratory Questionnaire Survey to Caregivers.

Leftover medications are a global concern for harm to health and inadequate medical care costs. However, information on leftover medicines and their inappropriate use in children in Japan is lacking. We aimed to clarify the proportion of leftover and re-use of children's medications in Japan.

Risk of Urogenital Bacterial Infection with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using a Claims Database.

Introduction: The association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and the risk of urogenital infections remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between SGLT2 inhibitors and the incidence of perineal soft tissue infections, including Fournier's gangrene (FG), genital bacterial infections, and urinary tract infections (UTIs), using administrative claims data in Japan.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we utilized the JMDC Claims Database.

Efficacy of very-low-dose oral food challenge in children with severe hen egg allergy: A retrospective, single-center case series.

Background: To avoid complete elimination of hen eggs (HE) from diet, we introduced a very-low-dose (VLD) oral food challenge (OFC) in patients with severe HE allergy in 2019. Herein, we investigated the efficacy of VLD HE OFC for achieving the full dose OFC.

Methods: Patients with an overt allergic reaction to LD (1/32 HE [≤100 mg]) or less, egg white (EW) protein within 6 months were included.

[PRACTICE AND TRAINING RELATED TO USING ADRENALINE AUTOINJECTORS FOR PARAMEDICS: FACTS AND ISSUES].

Background: Although paramedics can use adrenaline autoinjectors (AAIs) during their duties, the actual conditions of their use and the challenges faced remain unclear. We investigated the actual situation and issues pertaining to creating an environment in which paramedics can operate AAIs more effectively.

Methods: A web-based survey was conducted among paramedics who participated in a web-based training session related to their latest knowledge on food allergies and emergency responses in 2022.

Efficacy of biological agents combined with oral immunotherapy (OIT) for food allergy: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Food allergy affects a large population throughout the world. Recently, oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been reported as an effective treatment for severe food allergy. Although OIT was successful in numerous trials in desensitisation, adverse events including anaphylaxis during OIT frequently occur.

[BULLYING IN JAPANESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH FOOD ALLERGIES].

Objective: To elucidate the prevailing circumstances of victimization, including bullying, faced by children afflicted with food allergies in Japan.

Methods: From July to August 2021, we executed a web-based questionnaire survey targeting children with food allergies enrolled in the fourth grade or higher, who sought medical attention at the Department of Pediatrics in Showa University Hospital or were affiliated with three allergy-focused patient associations. The survey aimed to ascertain whether these children had encountered instances of bullying, the nature of the bullying incidents, and whether such acts of bullying triggered allergic symptoms.

Clinical Features of Quail Egg Ingestion in Patients with Acquired Tolerance to Hen Eggs: A Case Series Study.

Introduction: Patients with hen's egg allergy are often instructed to avoid consuming other avian eggs, such as quail eggs. However, it is unclear whether patients with an acquired tolerance to hen eggs continue to avoid consuming quail eggs. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features of quail egg ingestion.

[INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF ALLERGIC DISEASE ON CHILDREN'S SARS-CoV-2 VACCINATION DECISIONS].

Unlabelled: Background, Objectives: The factors associated with parents' decisions to vaccinate their children with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and the impact of the coexistence of allergic diseases in their children are unclear.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among parents of patients aged 15 years or younger who visited our pediatric allergy outpatient clinic and three partner pediatric clinics between April and May 2021. Survey items included presence or absence of other allergic diseases, and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination preferences and reasons.

Relationship between the diagnosis of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome and postemetic procalcitonin levels.

Background: There are no reports on the relationship between food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) diagnosis and procalcitonin levels.

Objective: Our study sought to demonstrate a correlation between the presence or absence and severity of FPIES symptoms and postemetic procalcitonin levels.

Methods: The subjects were 53 patients with FPIES (44 with hen's egg allergy, 4 with milk allergy, 4 with wheat allergy, and 3 with soy allergy), who collectively underwent a total of 75 oral food challenges (OFCs).

Optimal period for achieving sustained unresponsiveness in peanut oral immunotherapy.

Background: Oral immunotherapy (OIT) can help children with persistent food allergies achieve sustained unresponsiveness (SU). However, the optimal therapeutic period for obtaining SU remains unclear.

Objective: We aimed to retrospectively investigate the association between the OIT treatment period and achievement of SU.

[CURRENT STATUS OF FOOD ALLERGY MANAGEMENT IN FOOD SERVICE PROVIDERS].

Objective: Assess the current state of food allergy management strategies and the perceptions of them among food service providers.

Methods: The study surveyed establishments that participated in a food allergy management workshop or- ganized by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government in February 2018. The survey inquired about the implemen- tation status of food allergy management strategies, the frequency of accidental ingestions and near misses, and the necessary actions for advancing food allergy management.

Accidental Ingestion of Allergic Food at Eating-Out and Home Meal Replacement by Children with Food Allergy.

Introduction: In Japan, there are no regulations for allergy labeling in eating-out and home meal replacement (HMR). Consequently, patients with food allergy are at risk of accidental ingestion when using these services. It is necessary to understand the current situation of accidental food ingestion at eating-out and HMR to consider related legislation in the future.

Risk Factors for Lung Function Decline in Pediatric Asthma under Treatment: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Observational Study.

Background: Childhood asthma is a major risk for low lung function in later adulthood, but what factors in asthma are associated with the poor lung function during childhood is not known. Objective: To identify clinical factors in children with asthma associated with low or declining lung function during the treatment. Methods: We enrolled children with asthma who had been treated throughout three age periods, i.

Evaluation of early laryngeal reaction at oral food challenge.

Background: Open oral food challenge (OFC) is a commonly used diagnostic method for food allergy; however, the occurrence of uncertain reactions leads to inconclusive results.

Objective: We aimed to determine the associations between mild laryngeal symptoms and positive results in open OFCs.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated medical records of high-risk children (aged 3-15 years) who had undergone open OFC for a low dose of peanuts, hen's egg, cow's milk, or wheat.

Construction of poly-N-heterocyclic scaffolds via the controlled reactivity of Cu-allenylidene intermediates.

Controlling the sequence of the three consecutive reactive carbon centres of Cu-allenylidene remains a challenge. One of the impressive achievements in this area is the Cu-catalyzed annulation of 4-ethynyl benzoxazinanones, which are transformed into zwitterionic Cu-stabilized allenylidenes that are trapped by interceptors to provide the annulation products. In principle, the reaction proceeds via a preferential γ-attack, while annulation reactions via an α- or β-attack are infrequent.

Catalyst-free carbosilylation of alkenes using silyl boronates and organic fluorides via selective C-F bond activation.

A regioselective carbosilylation of alkenes has emerged as a powerful strategy to access molecules with functionalized silylated alkanes, by incorporating silyl and carbon groups across an alkene double bond. However, to the best of our knowledge, organic fluorides have never been used in this protocol. Here we disclose the catalyst-free carbosilylation of alkenes using silyl boronates and organic fluorides mediated by BuOK.

Effect of oral immunotherapy in children with milk allergy: The ORIMA study.

Background: This study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral immunotherapy (OIT) in children with severe cow's milk allergy.

Methods: The subjects comprised 28 children (aged 3-12 years) with allergic symptoms that were induced by ≤ 10 mL of cow's milk in an oral food challenge test (OFC). The subjects were randomly allocated to the treatment group (n = 14) and control group (n = 14); the former received rush immunotherapy for 2 weeks, followed by a gradual increase of cow's milk volume to 100 mL for 1 year, and the latter completely eliminated cow's milk for 1 year.

Evaluation of oral immunotherapy efficacy and safety by maintenance dose dependency: A multicenter randomized study.

Background: Generally, oral immunotherapy (OIT) aims for daily administration. Recently, the efficacy of treatment with OIT at a low dose has been reported. However, the optimal dose and the evaluation of dose-dependent OIT outcome have not been described.

[ACTUAL SITUATIONS OF FOOD ALLERGY RELATED EDUCATION AT NUTRITIONIST TRAINING SCHOOL IN JAPAN].

Background & Aim: In the clinical field of food allergies, dietary management towards patients is done inadequately. One plausible reason for this is the possible deficiency of food allergy education during the training courses for registered dietitians. This time, we will investigate the actual situations of food allergy education practiced in the training courses of registered dietitians, and reveal the point at issue.