Centrilobular nodules are predictive chest computed tomography (CT) findings related to adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma development in human T-lymphotropic virus type I carriers.

Aim: To evaluate predictive chest computed tomography (CT) findings associated with the development of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) carriers.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study examined 171 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and 158 HTLV-1 carriers who were treated from November 2004 to April 2021. The radiological features of 888 chest CT scans in total were retrospectively assessed by two chest radiologists who were unaware of the underlying diagnoses and compared between the groups.

Heat-sterilizable antibody mimics designed on the cold shock protein scaffold from hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima.

Antibodies and antibody mimics are extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry, where stringent safety standards are required. Implementing heat sterilization during or after the manufacturing process could help prevent contamination by viruses and bacteria. However, conventional antibodies and antibody mimics are not suitable for heat sterilization because they irreversibly denature at high temperatures.

Whole exome sequencing analysis of a patient with myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions with ETV6::LYN fusion gene.

ETV6::LYN fusion gene is recognized as one of the genetic alterations responsible for myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions (MLN-TK) according to the 2022 WHO classification. However, the clinical features and pathogenesis of MLN-TK with ETV6::LYN are not well defined because of the rarity of the disease. Here, we report an MLN-TK patient with ETV6::LYN that manifested as myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) with eosinophilia, myelofibrosis, and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL), which eventually led to acute myeloid leukemia.

Evaluating the performance of personality-based profiling in predicting physical activity.

Background: Profiling or clustering individuals based on personality and other characteristics is a common statistical approach used in marketing, medicine, and social sciences. This approach improves data simplicity, supports the implementation of a data-driven decision-making process, and guides intervention strategies, such as personalized care. However, the clustering process involves loss of information owing to the discretization of continuous variables.

Treatment with TNFα and lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) antibody in the presence of HDAC inhibitors promotes apoptosis in human salivary duct adenocarcinoma.

Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR), a lipid metabolism-related factor localized in tricellular tight junctions (tTJs), plays an important role in maintaining the epithelial homeostasis. LSR is highly expressed in well-differentiated cancers, and its expression decreases during malignancy. The LSR antibody inhibits cell growth and promotes apoptosis in some cancers.

Trends in endemic of respiratory syncytial virus infection during COVID-19 pandemic and difficulty in obtaining optimal timing of palivizumab prophylaxis.

Objective: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. This study assessed whether or not palivizumab prophylaxis was appropriate during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This prospective study included children <24 months old who were hospitalized for RSV infection between April 2019 and March 2023.

Biological characteristics of age-related changes in C57BL/6 mice sub-strains in the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Aging Farm.

Aging is a complex biological process. Several animal models, including nematodes, Drosophila, and rodents, have been used in research on aging mechanisms and the extension of healthy life expectancy. The present study investigated the physiological and anatomical changes associated with aging in two sub-strains of aged C57BL/6 mice used in aging research: C57Bl/6NCrSlc (B6N) and C57BL/6J (B6J).

Secretory expression in Bacillus subtilis, purification and characterization of a persistent protein-degrading enzyme from Nocardiopsis sp. TOA-1.

Keratinase from Nocardiopsis sp. TOA-1 (NAPase) holds significant potential for industrial and medical applications. Here, we developed a heterologous secretory expression system for NAPase in Bacillus subtilis.

Functions of Smartphone Apps and Wearable Devices Promoting Physical Activity: Six-Month Longitudinal Study on Japanese-Speaking Adults.

Background: Smartphone apps and wearable activity trackers are increasingly recognized for their potential to promote physical activity (PA). While studies suggest that the use of commercial mobile health tools is associated with higher PA levels, most existing evidence is cross-sectional, leaving a gap in longitudinal data.

Objective: This study aims to identify app-use patterns that are prospectively associated with increases in and maintenance of PA.

Frequency down-conversion of terahertz waves at optically induced temporal boundaries in GaAs waveguides.

In this study, the frequency down-conversion of terahertz waves is analytically and experimentally demonstrated at the temporal boundaries within a GaAs waveguide. The temporal boundary is established by photoexciting the top surface of the waveguide, thereby instantaneously increasing its electrical conductivity. This photoexcited waveguide supports a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode with a frequency lower than those of the transverse magnetic (TM) modes present in the original waveguide.

Persistent negative self-referent thinking in the context of depression: examining the role of temperament and emotion regulation.

Cognitive models of depression posit that persistent negative self-referent thinking (PNSRT) is an important vulnerability factor for depressive symptoms. The mechanisms involved are still understudied, especially in adolescence. PNSRT has been assessed by a behavioural decision-making task, namely the emotional reversal learning task (ERLT).

Dissecting the causal role of early inferior frontal activation in reading.

Cognitive models of reading assume that speech production occurs after visual and phonological processing of written words. This traditional view is at odds with more recent magnetoencephalography studies showing that the left posterior inferior frontal cortex (pIFC) classically associated with spoken production responds to print at 100-150 ms after word-onset, almost simultaneously with posterior brain regions for visual and phonological processing. Yet the theoretical significance of this fast neural response remains open to date.

AEBP1 is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle cell differentiation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in cancer development. We recently reported that in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 (AEBP1) is abundantly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), leading to CAF activation and inhibition of CD8 + T cell infiltration. In the present study, we investigated whether AEBP1 contributes to the destruction and atrophy of muscle tissues in OSCC.

Phonology facilitates deeply opaque logographic writing.

Phonological knowledge plays a pivotal role in many aspects of language processing, but it remains controversial whether it is required for writing. In the present study, we examined the issue by focusing on written production in an opaque logographic script (kanji) with highly irregular pronunciation rules, which allowed for a rigorous test of whether or not phonology contributes to writing. Using a phonological priming paradigm in two experiments, we measured response latency while participants orally named target pictures or wrote down their names in kanji.

An adult case of large defect of small mesenteric hiatal hernia causing small bowel obstruction.

Background: Small mesenteric hiatal hernias (SMHHs) are defined as a small group of internal hernias (IHs) that frequently diagnosed in children. However, SMHHs are relatively rare in adults. Bowel loop herniation via an abnormal mesenteric defect can lead to strangulated intestinal obstruction.

Female-to-male allogeneic transplantation affects outcomes differently according to the type of haplo-transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a female donor to a male recipient (female-to-male allo-HCT) is a well-established risk factor for chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and non-relapse mortality (NRM). The inferior outcomes of female-to-male allo-HCT are considered to be due to allo-immunity against H-Y antigens. However, the influence of minor histocompatibility antigens in haplo-identical allo-HCT remains to be elucidated.

The 2023 revised diagnostic criteria for IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis.

Objectives: For the diagnosis of IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis, either revised comprehensive diagnostic criteria or organ-specific diagnostic criteria for IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis in 2008 were applied; however, the collected knowledge for IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis required us to revise the criteria for IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis.

Methods: The board member of Japanese Study Group for IgG4-related Dacryoadenitis and Sialadenitis revised the diagnostic criteria for IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis. We collected the clinical questions to be revised and performed a review of the literature.

Serine affects engulfment during the sporulation process in Clostridium perfringens strain SM101.

Objectives: Although Clostridium perfringens sporulation is a key event in the pathogenesis of food-borne illness, the molecules and underlying mechanisms responsible for regulating sporulation are incompletely understood. The present study sought to identify amino acids that affect sporulation in C. perfringens strain SM101.

Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation phase-dependently modulates spinal reciprocal inhibition induced by pedaling in healthy individuals.

Reciprocal inhibition (RI) between leg muscles is crucial for smooth movement. Pedaling is a rhythmic movement that can increase RI in healthy individuals. Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) stimulates spinal neural circuits by targeting the afferent fibers.