Characteristics of Microaneurysm Size in Residual Edema After Intravitreal Injection of Faricimab for Diabetic Macular Edema.

Microaneurysms (MAs) are important in the pathology of diabetic macular edema (DME) and its response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. This study aimed to clarify the morphological characteristics of MAs in residual edema following consecutive faricimab injections, a bispecific antibody against angiopoietin-2 and VEGF. We selected patients with DME who exhibited residual edema after three monthly injections of faricimab.

Cystoid macular oedema after flanged intraocular lens scleral fixation using the Yamane technique: a multicentre cohort study.

This retrospective observational multicentre cohort study compared the rate of postoperative cystoid macular oedema (CME) between two intraocular lens (IOL) scleral fixation (SFIOL) techniques: a flanged IOL fixation technique (Yamane technique) and a suture IOL transscleral fixation technique (conventional technique). The study included 207 eyes with postoperative CME that had undergone SFIOL and were observed for > 12 weeks between January 2019 and January 2021. The primary endpoint was a comparison of the rate of postoperative CME at 3 months between groups.

Comparison of robotic and laparoscopic approaches in short- and long-term outcomes of lateral pelvic lymph node dissection for advanced rectal cancer: a Japanese multicenter study.

Background: Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LPND) is a challenging surgical technique with complex anatomy and narrow pelvic manipulation. The outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic surgery for LPND are still unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 169 consecutive patients who underwent rectal cancer surgery with LPND between 2016 and 2023.

Prognostic implication of sarcopenia diagnosed by updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria in older patients with heart failure: Utility and limitation.

Objectives: The utility of the updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria in diagnosing sarcopenia in older patients with heart failure (HF) remains unclear.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and prognostic impact of sarcopenia diagnosed by the updated AWGS criteria in older patients with HF.

Design: Ambispective cohort study.

Operator Experience With Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Rectal Resection and the Impact of Using an Extra Arm on Surgical Outcomes.

Introduction: Although robot-assisted surgery has been rapidly gaining popularity in recent years, few reports have examined the impact of individual robotic arm movements on surgical outcomes. This study investigated the relationship between extra arm (EA) usage and experience of surgeons in robot-assisted surgery.

Methods: A total of 176 robot-assisted rectal resections were performed by three surgeons from 2018 to 2022.

Hydrogen-Induced Topotactic Phase Transformations of Cobaltite Thin Films.

Manipulating physical properties through ion migration in complex oxide thin films is an emerging research direction to achieve tunable materials for advanced applications. While the reduction of complex oxides has been widely reported, few reports exist on the modulation of physical properties through a direct hydrogenation process. Here, we report an unusual mechanism for hydrogen-induced topotactic phase transitions in perovskite LaSrCoO thin films.

Laparoscopic colectomy for patients with poor American Society of Anesthesiology classifications.

Introduction: The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification is used to assess the fitness of a patient for surgery. Whether laparoscopic surgery is appropriate for colorectal cancer patients with poor ASA performance status (PS) remains unclear.

Methods: Among 4585 patients who underwent colorectal surgery between 2016 and 2023, this study retrospectively reviewed all 458 patients with ASA-PS ≥3.

Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effect of Intraocular Lens Refixation in Patients with Elevated Intraocular Pressure Due to Intraocular Lens Subluxation.

To evaluate the surgical outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) refixation with vitrectomy in patients with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) due to IOL subluxation. : Patients with elevated IOP due to IOL subluxation who had undergone IOL refixation with vitrectomy between 1 June 2013 and 31 December 2023 were retrospectively evaluated. The primary outcome measure was surgical success or failure.

A case of globe rupture crossing calcified senile scleral plaque.

Purpose: To report a rare case of globe rupture with broken calcified senile scleral plaque (SSP).

Observations: A 94-year-old male patient presented with left eye pain and severely decreased left vision immediately after the injury while farming. Examination of the left eye revealed edematous cornea, diffuse subconjunctival hemorrhage, total hyphema and iris prolapse.

Electrical Control of Magnetic Resonance in Phase Change Materials.

Metal-insulator transitions (MITs) in resistive switching materials can be triggered by an electric stimulus that produces significant changes in the electrical response. When these phases have distinct magnetic characteristics, dramatic changes in the spin excitations are also expected. The transition metal oxide LaSrMnO (LSMO) is a ferromagnetic metal at low temperatures and a paramagnetic insulator above room temperature.

The C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a useful predictor of postoperative complications in patients with a colonic stent for obstructive colorectal cancer: a Japanese multicenter study.

Purpose: The C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a novel score that offers a good reflection of nutritional status, inflammatory response, and immune system status. The CALLY index is reported to correlate with the prognosis of various carcinomas. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between the CALLY index and the short-term prognosis of obstructive colorectal cancer managed with a colonic stent.

Local strain inhomogeneities during electrical triggering of a metal-insulator transition revealed by X-ray microscopy.

Electrical triggering of a metal-insulator transition (MIT) often results in the formation of characteristic spatial patterns such as a metallic filament percolating through an insulating matrix or an insulating barrier splitting a conducting matrix. When MIT triggering is driven by electrothermal effects, the temperature of the filament or barrier can be substantially higher than the rest of the material. Using X-ray microdiffraction and dark-field X-ray microscopy, we show that electrothermal MIT triggering leads to the development of an inhomogeneous strain profile across the switching device, even when the material does not undergo a pronounced, discontinuous structural transition coinciding with the MIT.

Chemogenetic activation of histamine neurons promotes retrieval of apparently lost memories.

Memory retrieval can become difficult over time, but it is important to note that memories that appear to be forgotten might still be stored in the brain, as shown by their occasional spontaneous retrieval. Histamine in the central nervous system is a promising target for facilitating the recovery of memory retrieval. Our previous study demonstrated that histamine H3 receptor (H3R) inverse agonists/antagonists, activating histamine synthesis and release, enhance activity in the perirhinal cortex and help in retrieving forgotten long-term object recognition memories.

Effect of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio on the prognosis of patients with obstructive colorectal cancer with a colonic stent: a retrospective multicenter study in Japan.

Purpose: The prognostic value of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte (LMR) ratio has been reported for various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The insertion of colonic stents is considered effective for patients with surgically indicated obstructive CRC, but their LMR can vary depending on factors such as inflammation associated with stent dilation and improvement of obstructive colitis. However, the usefulness of the LMR in patients with obstructive CRC and colonic stents and the optimal timing for its measurement remain unclear.

Risk factors for pulmonary complications after colorectal cancer surgery: a Japanese multicenter study.

Purpose: Pulmonary complications (PC) are a serious condition with a 20% mortality rate. However, few reports have examined risk factors for PC after colorectal surgery. This study investigated the frequency, characteristics, and risk factors for PC after colorectal cancer surgery.

Unraveling the Correlation between the Interface Structures and Tunable Magnetic Properties of LaSrCoO/LaSrMnO Bilayers Using Deep Learning Models.

Perovskite oxides are gaining significant attention for use in next-generation magnetic and ferroelectric devices due to their exceptional charge transport properties and the opportunity to tune the charge, spin, lattice, and orbital degrees of freedom. Interfaces between perovskite oxides, exemplified by LaSrCoO/LaSrMnO (LSCO/LSMO) bilayers, exhibit unconventional magnetic exchange switching behavior, offering a pathway for innovative designs in perovskite oxide-based devices. However, the precise atomic-level stoichiometric compositions and chemophysical properties of these interfaces remain elusive, hindering the establishment of surrogate design principles.

Simple Fluorescence Labeling Method Enables Detection of Intracellular Distribution and Expression Level of Retinoid X Receptors.

There is no straightforward method to visualize the intracellular distribution of nuclear receptors, such as retinoid X receptors (RXRs), which are trafficked between the cytosol and nucleus. Here, in order to develop a simple fluorescence labeling method for RXRs, we designed and synthesized compound , consisting of an RXR-selective antagonist, CBTF-EE (), linked via an ether bond to the fluorophore nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD). Compound is nonfluorescent, but the ether bond (-O-NBD) reacts with biothiols such as cysteine and homocysteine to generate a thioether (-S-NBD), followed by intramolecular Smiles rearrangement with an amino group such as that of lysine to form a fluorescent secondary amine (-NH-NBD) adjacent to the binding site.

A comprehensive multivariate analysis of the center of pressure during quiet standing in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: We hypothesized that postural instability observed in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) can be classified as distinct subtypes based on comprehensive analyses of various evaluated parameters obtained from time-series of center of pressure (CoP) data during quiet standing. The aim of this study was to characterize the postural control patterns in PD patients by performing an exploratory factor analysis and subsequent cluster analysis using CoP time-series data during quiet standing.

Methods: 127 PD patients, 47 aged 65 years or older healthy older adults, and 71 healthy young adults participated in this study.

Short- and Long-term Outcomes After Colonic Stent Insertion as a Bridge to Surgery in Elderly Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Background/aim: Colonic stents have been inserted as a bridge to surgery in patients with resectable colorectal cancer, allowing bowel decompression for systemic assessment and better preparation to avoid stoma construction. However, reports of short- and long-term prognoses for elderly patients remain limited.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 175 consecutive patients who underwent colonic stent insertion for bowel obstruction followed by curative colectomy.

Relative contribution of sensory and motor deficits on grip force control in patients with chronic stroke.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize grasping behavior in static (weight-dependent modulation and stability of control) and dynamic (predictive control) aspects specifically focusing on the relative contribution of sensory and motor deficits to grip force control in patients with chronic stroke.

Methods: Twenty-four chronic stroke patients performed three manipulative tasks: five trials of 5-s grasp-lift-holding, 30-s static holding, and vertical dynamic/cyclic oscillation of holding the object.

Results: Exerted static grip force on the paretic side exhibited statistically greater than that on the non-paretic side.