Protonation-induced red-coloured circularly polarized luminescence of [5]carbohelicene fused by benzimidazole.

Benzimidazole-fused [5]carbohelicene ([5]HeliBI) was newly synthesized to examine the spectroscopic and chiroptical properties. The reversible protonation and deprotonation processes of [5]HeliBI were successfully investigated using (1)H NMR, absorption and fluorescence spectral measurements. We also confirmed the circularly polarized luminescence of protonated [5]HeliBI (H(+)-[5]HeliBI).

The use of the 300 microsecond 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of keloids.

Background: Keloids can be quite resistant to conventional methods of treatment. A wide range of treatment modalities exists, often with suboptimal results, recurrences, and adverse events occurring. Laser therapy with the carbon dioxide, erbium:YAG, Q switched frequency doubled neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG), and 585/595 nm pulsed dye lasers have all be purported as potential treatment modalities however with limited efficacy and data especially in the skin of color population is limited.

Failure of ethanol and acetaldehyde to alter in vivo norepinephrine release in the striatum and hippocampus of rats.

The effect of ethanol (EtOH) and acetaldehyde (AcH) on norepinephrine (NE) release was examined in the striatum and hippocampus of freely moving rats by means of in vivo microdialysis coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography and an electrochemical detector. Rats were treated intraperitoneally with EtOH (1 g/kg) or cyanamide (CY, 50 mg/kg, a potent aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor) plus EtOH (1 g/kg). No significant difference in NE levels in the dialysates was observed in the striatum and hippocampus in either the EtOH or CY+EtOH groups.

Molecular characterization of a cephamycin-hydrolyzing and inhibitor-resistant class A beta-lactamase, GES-4, possessing a single G170S substitution in the omega-loop.

The nosocomial spread of six genetically related Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing GES-type beta-lactamases was found in a neonatal intensive care unit, and we previously reported that one of the six strains, strain KG525, produced a new beta-lactamase, GES-3. In the present study, the molecular mechanism of cephamycin resistance observed in strain KG502, one of the six strains described above, was investigated. This strain was found to produce a variant of GES-3, namely, GES-4, which was responsible for resistance to both cephamycins (cefoxitin MIC, >128 microg/ml) and beta-lactamase inhibitors (50% inhibitory concentration of clavulanic acid, 15.

Nosocomial spread of ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing a novel class a beta-lactamase, GES-3, in a neonatal intensive care unit in Japan.

Klebsiella pneumoniae strain KG525, which showed high-level resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins, was isolated from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a Japanese hospital in March 2002. The ceftazidime resistance of strain KG525 was transferable to Escherichia coli CSH-2 by conjugation. Cloning and sequence analysis revealed that production of a novel extended-spectrum class A beta-lactamase (pI 7.

Microdialysis for the determination of acetaldehyde and ethanol concentrations in the striatum of freely moving rats.

The subject of the present paper is the simultaneous determination of ethanol (EtOH) and acetaldehyde (AcH) concentrations in the striatum of freely moving rats using an in vivo microdialysis followed by head-space gas chromatography (GC). Major operation conditions of GC were as follows: column, injector and detector temperatures 90, 110 and 200 degrees C, respectively; Supelcowax wide bore capillary column (60 m length, 0.53 mm i.

In vivo formation of salsolinol induced by high acetaldehyde concentration in rat striatum employing microdialysis.

Aims: The in vivo formation of salsolinol (1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquionoline), an endogeneous condensation product of dopamine (DA) with acetaldehyde (AcH), was examined following the administration of cyanamide (CY) plus ethanol (EtOH) using microdialysis-high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

Methods: After the insertion of a microdialysis probe into the striatum, rats were treated with CY (a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, 50 mg/kg), 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP, a strong inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, 82 mg/kg), and CY + 4-MP, followed 1 h later by EtOH (1 g/kg), CY and 4-MP only by intraperitoneal administration.

Results: In the CY + EtOH group, salsolinol was detected in striatal dialysates and high AcH concentrations were found in the blood.