Transplantation of human bone marrow stromal cell-derived Schwann cells reduces cystic cavity and promotes functional recovery after contusion injury of adult rat spinal cord.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether transplantation of human bone marrow stromal cell-derived Schwann cells (hBMSC-SC) promotes functional recovery after contusive spinal cord injury of adult rats. Human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) were cultured from bone marrow of adult human patients and induced into Schwann cells (hBMSC-SC) in vitro. Schwann cell phenotype was confirmed by immunocytochemistry.

Deletion of macrophage migration inhibitory factor attenuates neuronal death and promotes functional recovery after compression-induced spinal cord injury in mice.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multipotential protein that acts as a proinflammatory cytokine, a pituitary hormone, and a cell proliferation and migration factor. The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of MIF in spinal cord injury (SCI) using female MIF knockout (KO) mice. Mouse spinal cord compression injury was produced by application of a static load (T8 level, 20 g, 5 min).

Reduction of cystic cavity, promotion of axonal regeneration and sparing, and functional recovery with transplanted bone marrow stromal cell-derived Schwann cells after contusion injury to the adult rat spinal cord.

Object: The authors previously reported that Schwann cells (SCs) could be derived from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in vitro and that they promoted axonal regeneration of completely transected rat spinal cords in vivo. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of transplanted BMSC-derived SCs (BMSC-SCs) in a rat model of spinal cord contusion, which is relevant to clinical spinal cord injury.

Methods: Bone marrow stromal cells were cultured as plastic-adherent cells from the bone marrow of GFPtransgenic rats.

Adenovirus vector-mediated ex vivo gene transfer of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to bone marrow stromal cells promotes axonal regeneration after transplantation in completely transected adult rat spinal cord.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy in adult rat completely transected spinal cord of adenovirus vector-mediated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) ex vivo gene transfer to bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). BMSC were infected with adenovirus vectors carrying beta-galactosidase (AxCALacZ) or BDNF (AxCABDNF) genes. The T8 segment of spinal cord was removed and replaced by graft containing Matrigel alone (MG group) or Matrigel and BMSC infected by AxCALacZ (BMSC-LacZ group) or AxCABDNF (BMSC-BDNF group).

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor attenuates neuronal death and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a protein that stimulates differentiation, proliferation, and survival of granulocytic lineage cells. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of G-CSF was reported in a model of cerebral infarction. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the potential therapeutic effect of G-CSF for spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilizes bone marrow-derived cells into injured spinal cord and promotes functional recovery after compression-induced spinal cord injury in mice.

The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mediated mobilization of bone marrow-derived stem cells on the injured spinal cord. Bone marrow cells of green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice were transplanted into lethally irradiated C57BL/6 mice. Four weeks after bone marrow transplantation, spinal cord injury was produced by a static load (20 g, 5 min) at T8 level.

The use of hemopoietic stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood to promote restoration of spinal cord tissue and recovery of hindlimb function in adult rats.

Object: The use of human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) cells has been reported to improve functional recovery in cases of central nervous system injuries such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury (SCI). The authors investigated the effects of hemopoietic stem cells that were derived from HUCB and transplanted into the injured spinal cords of rats.

Methods: One week after injury, an HUCB fraction enriched in CD34-positive cells was transplanted into the experimental group.

Hematopoietic stem cell and marrow stromal cell for spinal cord injury in mice.

We compared the effects of hematopoietic stem cell and marrow stromal cell transplantation for spinal cord injury in mice. From green fluorescent protein transgenic mouse bone marrow, lineage-negative, c-kit- and Sca-1-positive cells were sorted as hematopoietic stem cells and plastic-adherent cells were cultured as marrow stromal cells. One week after injury, hematopoietic stem cells or marrow stromal cells were injected into the lesioned site.

Transplantation of bone marrow stromal cell-derived Schwann cells promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery after complete transection of adult rat spinal cord.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether transplantation of Schwann cells derived from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC-SCs) promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery in completely transected spinal cord in adult rats. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were induced to differentiate into Schwann cells in vitro. A 4-mm segment of rat spinal cord was removed completely at the T7 level.

Adenovirus vector-mediated in vivo gene transfer of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes rubrospinal axonal regeneration and functional recovery after complete transection of the adult rat spinal cord.

Neurotrophins have been shown to promote axonal regeneration, but the techniques available for delivering neurotrophins have limited effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adenovirus vector mediated gene transfer of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. We prepared adenovirus vectors encoding either beta-galactosidase (AxCALacZ) or BDNF (AxCABDNF).

Up-regulation of macrophage migration-inhibitory factor expression after compression-induced spinal cord injury in rats.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multipotential protein that acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, pituitary hormone, immunoregulator, and mitogen. To elucidate function of MIF in spinal cord injury, we examined expression of MIF after compression-induced spinal cord injury using Northern blot analysis, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The MIF mRNA was up-regulated in injured spinal cord, peaking 3 days after injury shown by Northern blot analysis.

Transplanted hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow differentiate into neural lineage cells and promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice.

Recovery in central nervous system disorders is hindered by the limited ability of the vertebrate central nervous system to regenerate lost cells, replace damaged myelin, and re-establish functional neural connections. Cell transplantation to repair central nervous system disorders is an active area of research, with the goal of reducing functional deficits. Recent animal studies showed that cells of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fraction of bone marrow transdifferentiated into various nonhematopoietic cell lineages.