Lorlatinib overcomes alectinib-induced hemolytic anemia in an ALK fusion positive non-small-cell lung cancer patient with severe tumor-associated liver failure: A case report.

Hemolytic anemia is a rare and unique complication of alectinib, not observed with other anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors. Here, we present a case of an ALK fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient who developed liver failure due to diffuse liver metastasis at initial diagnosis. Treatment was initiated with low-dose alectinib, but the patient developed severe hemolytic anemia.

Impact of body surface area on efficacy and safety in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer treated with osimertinib as a first-line treatment.

Background: The most recommended treatment for stage IV EGFR-positive lung cancer is osimertinib monotherapy. The dosage of osimertinib is fixed at 80 mg/day regardless of body surface area (BSA), however some patients withdraw or reduce the dosage due to adverse events (AEs).

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 98 patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who received 80 mg osimertinib as the initial treatment.

Exceptionally long-lasting response to dabrafenib plus trametinib treatment in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma harboring the BRAF V600E mutation with high expression of PD-L1: A case report.

We present a patient with lung adenocarcinoma showing high PD-L1 expression and BRAF V600E mutation, who achieved a remarkable long-term response to the combination therapy of dabrafenib and trametinib (DT treatment) after disease progression on immunotherapy. This case may provide an opportunity for clinicians to consider the order of administration of immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy for BRAF V600E-positive lung cancer.

Clinical application of the Lung Cancer Compact Panel using various types of cytological specimens in patients with lung cancer.

Background: The Lung Cancer Compact Panel (compact panel) is a gene panel that can detect driver alterations with high sensitivity in liquid samples, including tumor cells. This study examined the ability of a compact panel to detect genetic mutations in liquid specimens used in clinical practice.

Methods: Three cohorts, bronchoscopic biopsy forceps washing (washing cohort), pleural effusion (pleural cohort), and spinal fluid (spinal cohort), were analyzed using the compact panel.

Multicenter, Retrospective Study to Evaluate Necitumumab Plus Cisplatin and Gemcitabine After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Squamous Cell Lung Cancer in Japan: The NINJA Study.

Introduction: Necitumumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin (GCN) is a standard therapy for patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSqCC). However, the efficacy and tolerability of GCN in second-line or later treatment for patients previously treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remain unknown.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, cohort study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of GCN initiated between November 1, 2019 and March 31, 2022 as second-line to fourth-line treatment in patients with advanced LSqCC who had been pretreated with ICIs.

Utility of needle biopsy in centrally located lung cancer for genome analysis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: It is essential to collect a sufficient amount of tumor tissue for successful next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. In this study, we investigated the clinical risk factors for avoiding re-biopsy for NGS analysis (re-genome biopsy) in cases where a sufficient amount of tumor tissue could not be collected by bronchoscopy.

Methods: We investigated the association between clinical factors and the risk of re-genome biopsy in patients who underwent transbronchial biopsy (TBB) or endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and required re-genome biopsy in cases enrolled in LC-SCRUM Asia, a prospective nationwide genome screening project in Japan.

Clinical application of the AMOY 9-in-1 panel to lung cancer patients.

Introduction: To investigate the clinical performance of the AMOY 9-in-1 kit (AMOY) in comparison with a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel in lung cancer patients.

Methods: Lung cancer patients enrolled in the LC-SCRUM-Asia program at a single institution were analyzed for the success rate of AMOY analysis, the detection rate of targetable driver mutations, the turn around time (TAT) from specimen submission to the result reporting, and the concordance rate of results with the NGS panel.

Results: Of the 406 patients included in the analysis, 81.

Bevacizumab Plus Carboplatin Plus Nab-paclitaxel for Non-squamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in a Real-world Setting.

Background/aim: Regimens with bevacizumab (Bev) have high response rates. We previously showed the efficacy of Bev plus carboplatin (CBDCA)/nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX) in the treatment of non-squamous (non-SQ) non-small lung cell cancer (NSCLC) with malignant pleural effusion in a phase II trial. However, few studies have reported the efficacy and safety of this regimen.

Rapid and reliable collection of tumor tissue for successful gene panel in a patient with advanced stage lung cancer: A case report.

Rapid and reliable identification of targetable driver mutations in patients with advanced stage lung cancer is essential. Adequate amount of tumor tissue biopsies (i.e.

Clinical application of comprehensive genomic profiling panel to thoracic malignancies: A single-center retrospective study.

Background: The usefulness of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) panels for thoracic malignancies after completion of the standard treatment is unclear.

Methods: The results of CGP panels for malignant thoracic diseases performed at our hospital between December 2019 and June 2022 were collected. We examined whether CGP panel results led to new treatment, correlated with the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), or revealed secondary findings related to hereditary tumors.

Immunochemotherapy Disrupts Peripherally Located Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Resulting in Pleuritis: A Report of Two Cases, Case Report.

Immunochemotherapy is widely used as the primary treatment for advanced lung cancer and is currently being investigated in the perioperative setting. Immunochemotherapy can produce marked tumor shrinkage and long-term anticancer effects that are not achieved with conventional anticancer drugs. Herein, we present the cases of two patients with relatively large advanced primary lung squamous cell carcinomas located just below the pleura, who developed pleuritis immediately after the initiation of immunochemotherapy, probably owing to leakage of tumor contents after marked tumor shrinkage.

Successful weaning of a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia under prolonged midazolam sedation using morphine.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to spread around the world. In April 2021, Japan experienced a fourth wave of COVID-19 infections, which led to the breakdown of the medical system. Osaka, Japan, was particularly affected, with many severe cases and the highest number of COVID-19-associated deaths in Japan.

Dacomitinib overcomes afatinib-refractory carcinomatous meningitis in a lung cancer patient harbouring EGFR Ex.19 deletion and G724S mutation; a case report.

It has been reported that the efficacy of EGFR-TKI is predicted, not by which exon of the EGFR gene is mutated, but by the structural change in the EGFR protein due to the mutation. Here, we present an EGFR-mutated lung cancer patient with a 13-year history of anticancer treatment, in which EGFR ex.19 deletion (E746_S752 > V) and G724S mutations were detected by liquid biopsy during 12th line afatinib treatment, and switching to dacomitinib showed improvement of cancerous meningitis.

Manual route modification using an oblique method following automatic virtual bronchoscopic navigation.

Virtual automatic bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) systems to determine the route to peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) in lung cancer can improve diagnostic biopsy yields. However, compared with VBN, drawing manual routes using computed tomography images, especially with oblique methods, can identify more routes. The Ziostation2 VBN system combines the benefits of these 2 methods; we evaluated this performance by comparing 3 different route-determining methods.

Comparison of sampling methods for next generation sequencing for patients with lung cancer.

Introduction: Success of next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis is becoming indispensable in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. However, the advantages and disadvantages of each sampling method in the NGS analysis have not yet been clarified.

Methods: We compared the success rates of NGS analysis, and DNA and RNA yields for transbronchial biopsy (TBB), endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy, fluid sample, and surgical biopsy for NGS analysis in patients through the lung cancer genomic screening project for individualized medicine (LC-SCRUM)-Asia, a nationwide NGS screening project.

Cytokine Release Syndrome and Immune-Related Pneumonitis Associated With Tumor Progression in a Pulmonary Pleomorphic Carcinoma Treated With Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab Treatment: A Case Report.

Effective control of severe immune-related adverse events, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), is essential for the success of immunotherapy. We present a case of a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing pleomorphic lung carcinoma treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab which developed CRS and severe immune-related pneumonitis. The effect of immunotherapy was heterogeneous; gastric metastasis was eliminated, but the pulmonary lesion had primary resistance.

Capmatinib successfully overcomes tepotinib-induced intolerable peripheral edema.

In May 2020 and February 2021, capmatinib and tepotinib, respectively were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma harboring mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14 skipping alterations. Herein, we present a case of intolerable peripheral edema caused by tepotinib, in which MET inhibitor could be continued by switching to capmatinib. Peripheral edema has been identified as one of the most common adverse events in capmatinib and tepotinib; however, there is no unified management for this adverse event.